Datasets:

neurovlm
/

neurovault_maps

doi stringclasses 333 values	title stringclasses 333 values	abstract stringclasses 333 values	__index_level_0__ int64 0 24.7k ⌀
10.1111/cdev.12630	Neural Reactivity to Emotional Faces May Mediate the Relationship Between Childhood Empathy and Adolescent Prosocial Behavior	Reactivity to others' emotions not only can result in empathic concern (EC), an important motivator of prosocial behavior, but can also result in personal distress (PD), which may hinder prosocial behavior. Examining neural substrates of emotional reactivity may elucidate how EC and PD differentially influence prosocia...	0
10.7554/eLife.15192	Instructed knowledge shapes feedback-driven aversive learning in striatum and orbitofrontal cortex, but not the amygdala	Socially-conveyed rules and instructions strongly shape expectations and emotions. Yet most neuroscientific studies of learning consider reinforcement history alone, irrespective of knowledge acquired through other means. We examined fear conditioning and reversal in humans to test whether instructed knowledge modulate...	1
10.1073/pnas.0602659103	Modulation of competing memory systems by distraction	Different forms of learning and memory depend on functionally and anatomically separable neural circuits [Squire, L. R. (1992) Psychol. Rev. 99, 195–231]. Declarative memory relies on a medial temporal lobe system, whereas habit learning relies on the striatum [Cohen, N. J. &; Eichenbaum, H. (1993) Memory, Amnesia, and...	2
10.1073/pnas.1518377113	Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging	Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), the prototypical “psychedelic,” may be unique among psychoactive substances. In the decades that followed its discovery, the magnitude of its effect on science, the arts, and society was unprecedented. LSD produces profound, sometimes life-changing experiences in microgram doses, makin...	3
10.1038/s41598-017-09744-7	Intrinsic brain connectivity after partial sleep deprivation in young and older adults: results from the Stockholm Sleepy Brain study	Sleep deprivation has been reported to affect intrinsic brain connectivity, notably reducing connectivity in the default mode network. Studies to date have however shown inconsistent effects, in many cases lacked monitoring of wakefulness, and largely included young participants. We investigated effects of sleep depriv...	4
10.7554/eLife.39681	Odor-evoked category reactivation in human ventromedial prefrontal cortex during sleep promotes memory consolidation	Slow-wave sleep is an optimal opportunity for memory consolidation: when encoding occurs in the presence of a sensory cue, delivery of that cue during sleep enhances retrieval of associated memories. Recent studies suggest that cues might promote consolidation by inducing neural reinstatement of cue-associated content ...	5
10.1002/hbm.23289	In vivo delineation of subdivisions of the human amygdaloid complex in a high‐resolution group template	The nuclei of the human amygdala remain difficult to distinguish in individual subject structural magnetic resonance images. However, interpretation of the amygdala's role in whole brain networks requires accurate localization of functional activity to a particular nucleus or subgroup of nuclei. To address this, high s...	6
10.1177/0956797617728727	Dimensions of Experience: Exploring the Heterogeneity of the Wandering Mind	The tendency for the mind to wander to concerns other than the task at hand is a fundamental feature of human cognition, yet the consequences of variations in its experiential content for psychological functioning are not well understood. Here, we adopted multivariate pattern analysis to simultaneously decompose experi...	7
10.1111/desc.12531	Neuroscientific insights into the development of analogical reasoning	Analogical reasoning, or the ability to find correspondences between entities based on shared relationships, supports knowledge acquisition. As such, the development of this ability during childhood is thought to promote learning. Here, we sought to better understand the mechanisms by which analogical reasoning about s...	8
10.1162/jocn_a_01330	Imagining Sounds and Images: Decoding the Contribution of Unimodal and Transmodal Brain Regions to Semantic Retrieval in the Absence of Meaningful Input	In the absence of sensory information, we can generate meaningful images and sounds from representations in memory. However, it remains unclear which neural systems underpin this process and whether tasks requiring the top–down generation of different kinds of features recruit similar or different neural networks. We a...	9
10.1038/s41467-018-08121-w	Prefrontal mechanisms combining rewards and beliefs in human decision-making	In uncertain and changing environments, optimal decision-making requires integrating reward expectations with probabilistic beliefs about reward contingencies. Little is known, however, about how the prefrontal cortex (PFC), which subserves decision-making, combines these quantities. Here, using computational modelling...	10
10.1093/scan/nsaa050	Affective brain patterns as multivariate neural correlates of cardiovascular disease risk	This study tested whether brain activity patterns evoked by affective stimuli relate to individual differences in an indicator of pre-clinical atherosclerosis: carotid artery intima-media thickness (CA-IMT). Adults (aged 30–54 years) completed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks that involved viewing thr...	11
10.7554/eLife.22001	Externally induced frontoparietal synchronization modulates network dynamics and enhances working memory performance	Cognitive functions such as working memory (WM) are emergent properties of large-scale network interactions. Synchronisation of oscillatory activity might contribute to WM by enabling the coordination of long-range processes. However, causal evidence for the way oscillatory activity shapes network dynamics and behavior...	12
10.12688/f1000research.11964.2	Preprocessed Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics dataset	Here we present preprocessed MRI data of 265 participants from the Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics (CNP) dataset. The preprocessed dataset includes minimally preprocessed data in the native, MNI and surface spaces accompanied with potential confound regressors, tissue probability masks, brain masks and transf...	13
10.1073/pnas.1710521114	Default mode contributions to automated information processing	In addition to dealing with variable demands of the environment in everyday life, we are continuously faced with routine, predictable challenges that require fast and effective responses. In an fMRI-based cognitive flexibility task, we show greater activity/connectivity centered on the default mode network during such ...	14
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5996-10.2012	Genetic Variants ofFOXP2andKIAA0319/TTRAP/THEM2Locus Are Associated with Altered Brain Activation in Distinct Language-Related Regions	Recent advances have been made in the genetics of two human communication skills: speaking and reading. Mutations of theFOXP2gene cause a severe form of language impairment and orofacial dyspraxia, while single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within aKIAA0319/TTRAP/THEM2gene cluster and affecting theKIAA0319gen...	15
10.1038/s41598-017-08443-7	Neural circuitry governing anxious individuals’ mis-allocation of working memory to threat	Dispositional anxiety is a trait-like phenotype that confers increased risk for a range of debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders. Like many patients with anxiety disorders, individuals with elevated levels of dispositional anxiety are prone to intrusive and distressing thoughts in the absence of immediate threat. Rec...	16
10.1073/pnas.1818575116	Mapping visual symbols onto spoken language along the ventral visual stream	Reading involves transforming arbitrary visual symbols into sounds and meanings. This study interrogated the neural representations in ventral occipitotemporal cortex (vOT) that support this transformation process. Twenty-four adults learned to read 2 sets of 24 novel words that shared phonemes and semantic categories ...	17
10.1093/cercor/bhy281	Opioidergic Regulation of Emotional Arousal: A Combined PET–fMRI Study	Emotions can be characterized by dimensions of arousal and valence (pleasantness). While the functional brain bases of emotional arousal and valence have been actively investigated, the neuromolecular underpinnings remain poorly understood. We tested whether the opioid and dopamine systems involved in reward and motiva...	18
10.1038/sdata.2018.63	A high-resolution probabilistic in vivo atlas of human subcortical brain nuclei	Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging methods, including data acquisition, pre-processing and analysis, have benefited research on the contributions of subcortical brain nuclei to human cognition and behavior. At the same time, these developments have led to an increasing need for a high-resolution probabilisti...	19
10.7554/eLife.39404	Control of entropy in neural models of environmental state	Humans and animals construct internal models of their environment in order to select appropriate courses of action. The representation of uncertainty about the current state of the environment is a key feature of these models that controls the rate of learning as well as directly affecting choice behaviour. To maintain...	20
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2649-13.2013	Simultaneous EEG-fMRI Reveals Temporal Evolution of Coupling between Supramodal Cortical Attention Networks and the Brainstem	Cortical and subcortical networks have been identified that are commonly associated with attention and task engagement, along with theories regarding their functional interaction. However, a link between these systems has not yet been demonstrated in healthy humans, primarily because of data acquisition and analysis li...	21
10.1126/sciadv.aau3413	The neural circuitry of affect-induced distortions of trust	Incidental aversive affect distorts trust decisions and changes activity and connectivity in social cognitive neural circuitry.	22
10.1073/pnas.0905267106	Correspondence of the brain's functional architecture during activation and rest	Neural connections, providing the substrate for functional networks, exist whether or not they are functionally active at any given moment. However, it is not known to what extent brain regions are continuously interacting when the brain is “at rest.” In this work, we identify the major explicit activation networks by ...	23
10.1155/2016/2094601	How Many Is Enough? Effect of Sample Size in Inter-Subject Correlation Analysis of fMRI	Inter-subject correlation (ISC) is a widely used method for analyzing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired during naturalistic stimuli. A challenge in ISC analysis is to define the required sample size in the way that the results are reliable. We studied the effect of the sample size on the reliab...	24
10.1038/s41467-019-11934-y	Different brain networks mediate the effects of social and conditioned expectations on pain	Information about others' experiences can strongly influence our own feelings and decisions. But how does such social information affect the neural generation of affective experience, and are the brain mechanisms involved distinct from those that mediate other types of expectation effects? Here, we used fMRI to dissoci...	25
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1984-18.2018	Individual Differences in Dopamine Are Associated with Reward Discounting in Clinical Groups But Not in Healthy Adults	Some people are more willing to make immediate, risky, or costly reward-focused choices than others, which has been hypothesized to be associated with individual differences in dopamine (DA) function. In two studies using PET imaging, one empirical (Study 1:N= 144 males and females across 3 samples) and one meta-analyt...	26
10.1162/jocn_a_00520	Representation, Control, or Reasoning? Distinct Functions for Theory of Mind within the Medial Prefrontal Cortex	The medial pFC (mPFC) is frequently reported to play a central role in Theory of Mind (ToM). However, the contribution of this large cortical region in ToM is not well understood. Combining a novel behavioral task with fMRI, we sought to demonstrate functional divisions between dorsal and rostral mPFC. All conditions o...	27
10.1002/hbm.24510	Quantitative neuroimaging measures of myelin in the healthy brain and in multiple sclerosis	Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have been developed as imaging biomarkers, aiming to improve the specificity of MRI to underlying pathology compared to conventional weighted MRI. For assessing the integrity of white matter (WM), myelin, in particular, several techniques have been proposed and i...	28
10.1523/ENEURO.0084-17.2017	Large-Scale Network Coupling with the Fusiform Cortex Facilitates Future Social Motivation	Large-scale functional networks, as identified through the coordinated activity of spatially distributed brain regions, have become central objects of study in neuroscience because of their contributions to many processing domains. Yet, it remains unclear how these domain-general networks interact with focal brain regi...	29
10.1038/s41398-019-0670-8	Resting-state functional connectivity in women with PMDD	Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is an understudied, debilitating disorder of women. Given evidence for prefrontal cortical and limbic dysfunction in PMDD, we compared intrinsic connectivity of the executive control network (ECN), default mode network (DMN), and amygdala in women with PMDD vs. controls.MethodsThi...	30
10.1073/pnas.1608282113	Situating the default-mode network along a principal gradient of macroscale cortical organization	We describe an overarching organization of large-scale connectivity that situates the default-mode network at the opposite end of a spectrum from primary sensory and motor regions. This topography, based on the differentiation of connectivity patterns, is also embedded in the spatial distance along the cortical surface...	31
10.1523/ENEURO.0222-17.2018	Identification of Two Distinct Working Memory-Related Brain Networks in Healthy Young Adults	Working memory (WM) is an important cognitive domain for everyday life functioning and is often disturbed in neuropsychiatric disorders. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in humans show that distributed brain areas typically described as fronto-parietal regions are implicated in WM tasks. Based on da...	32
10.1002/hbm.24859	Enhanced striatal and prefrontal activity is associated with individual differences in nonreinforced preference change for faces	Developing effective preference modification paradigms is crucial to improve the quality of life in a wide range of behaviors. The cue‐approach training (CAT) paradigm has been introduced as an effective tool to modify preferences lasting months, without external reinforcements, using the mere association of images wit...	33
10.1038/s41467-017-02750-3	Heuristic and optimal policy computations in the human brain during sequential decision-making	Optimal decisions across extended time horizons require value calculations over multiple probabilistic future states. Humans may circumvent such complex computations by resorting to easy-to-compute heuristics that approximate optimal solutions. To probe the potential interplay between heuristic and optimal computations...	34
10.1073/pnas.2004258117	Proximal threats promote enhanced acquisition and persistence of reactive fear-learning circuits	Traditional laboratory-based fear-conditioning approaches are often limited in their generalizability to real-world encounters where threats are dynamic and embedded in contextually rich environments. Moreover, while spatial distance to a threat organizes defensive responses, our understanding of the neurobehavioral me...	35
10.1111/ejn.14574	Brain responses and approach bias to social alcohol cues and their association with drinking in a social setting in young adult males	Alcohol is mainly consumed in social settings, in which people often adapt their drinking behaviour to that of others, also called imitation of drinking. Yet, it remains unclear what drives this drinking in a social setting. In this study, we expected to see stronger brain and behavioural responses to social compared t...	36
10.1111/ejn.14563	The relationship between individual differences in gray matter volume and religiosity and mystical experiences: A preregistered voxel‐based morphometry study	The neural substrates of religious belief and experience are an intriguing though contentious topic. Here, we had the unique opportunity to establish the relation between validated measures of religiosity and gray matter volume in a large sample of participants (N = 211). In this registered report, we conducted a confi...	37
10.1038/srep45967	Neuroanatomical correlates of forgiving unintentional harms	Mature moral judgments rely on the consideration of a perpetrator's mental state as well as harmfulness of the outcomes produced. Prior work has focused primarily on the functional correlates of how intent information is neurally represented for moral judgments, but few studies have investigated whether individual diff...	38
10.1098/rsta.2015.0190	Sensitivity of the resting-state haemodynamic response function estimation to autonomic nervous system fluctuations	The haemodynamic response function (HRF) is a key component of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal, providing the mapping between neural activity and the signal measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Most of the time the HRF is associated with task-based fMRI protocols, in which its onse...	39
10.1177/0956797616645673	The Power of the Like in Adolescence	We investigated a unique way in which adolescent peer influence occurs on social media. We developed a novel functional MRI (fMRI) paradigm to simulate Instagram, a popular social photo-sharing tool, and measured adolescents' behavioral and neural responses to likes, a quantifiable form of social endorsement and potent...	40
10.1093/cercor/bhz132	Enhanced Bottom-Up and Reduced Top-Down fMRI Activity Is Related to Long-Lasting Nonreinforced Behavioral Change	Behavioral change studies and interventions focus on self-control and external reinforcements to influence preferences. Cue-approach training (CAT) has been shown to induce preference changes lasting months by merely associating items with neutral cues and speeded responses. We utilized this paradigm to study neural re...	41
10.12688/mniopenres.12767.2	MIST: A multi-resolution parcellation of functional brain networks	The functional architecture of the brain is organized across multiple levels of spatial resolutions, from distributed networks to the localized areas they are made of. A brain parcellation that defines functional nodes at multiple resolutions is required to investigate the functional connectome across these scales. Her...	42
10.1038/s41539-019-0059-8	Brain activity links performance in science reasoning with conceptual approach	Understanding how students learn is crucial for helping them succeed. We examined brain function in 107 undergraduate students during a task known to be challenging for many students—physics problem solving—to characterize the underlying neural mechanisms and determine how these support comprehension and proficiency. F...	43
10.1111/mbe.12209	What Characterizes Adolescents Struggling With Educational Decision‐Making?	Educational decision‐making is a complex process where individual factors such as how adolescents think about and evaluate themselves could play an important role. In this study, (N = 84), we combined behavioral and neural correlates of self‐concept and self‐esteem to examine what characterizes adolescents who struggle...	44
10.1159/000512891	Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Brain Functioning Associated with Smoking Cue-Reactivity and Inhibitory Control in Nonsmoking Adolescents	Despite its well-established negative effects, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure remains highly prevalent worldwide. ETS exposure is associated with a wide range of physical and mental health-related problems among youth, including an increased likelihood to develop nicotine dependence. Up till now, neurocogni...	45
10.1093/scan/nsz023	Neural responses for evaluating self and mother traits in adolescence depend on mother–adolescent relationships	An important task in adolescence is to achieve autonomy while preserving a positive relationship with parents. Previous fMRI studies showed largely overlapping activation in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) for evaluating self and close-other traits but separable activation for self and non-close other. Possibly, more s...	46
10.1093/cercor/bhaa161	Large-Scale Structural Covariance Networks Predict Age in Middle-to-Late Adulthood: A Novel Brain Aging Biomarker	The aging process is accompanied by changes in the brain's cortex at many levels. There is growing interest in summarizing these complex brain-aging profiles into a single, quantitative index that could serve as a biomarker both for characterizing individual brain health and for identifying neurodegenerative and neurop...	47
10.1038/s41598-020-74489-9	A combined fMRI and EMG study of emotional contagion following partial sleep deprivation in young and older humans	Sleep deprivation is proposed to inhibit top-down-control in emotion processing, but it is unclear whether sleep deprivation affects emotional mimicry and contagion. Here, we aimed to investigate effects of partial sleep deprivation on emotional contagion and mimicry in young and older humans. Participants underwent pa...	48
10.1093/braincomms/fcaa199	Amplified engagement of prefrontal cortex during control of voluntary action in Tourette syndrome	Tourette syndrome is characterized by ‘unvoluntary' tics, which are compulsive, yet often temporarily suppressible. The inferior frontal gyrus is implicated in motor control, including inhibition of pre-potent actions through influences on downstream subcortical and motor regions. Although tic suppression in Tourette s...	49
10.1038/s41598-020-77820-6	Overlapping and unique neural circuits are activated during perceptual decision making and confidence	The period of making a perceptual decision is often followed by a period of rating confidence where one evaluates the likely accuracy of the initial decision. However, it remains unclear whether the same or different neural circuits are engaged during periods of perceptual decision making and confidence report. To addr...	50
10.1038/s41467-019-10597-z	Learning of distant state predictions by the orbitofrontal cortex in humans	Representations of our future environment are essential for planning and decision making. Previous research in humans has demonstrated that the hippocampus is a critical region for forming and retrieving associations, while the medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is an important region for representing information about ...	51
10.1002/hbm.25568	Principal component analysis reveals multiple consistent responses to naturalistic stimuli in children and adults	Functional MRI (fMRI) study of naturalistic conditions, for example, movie watching, usually focuses on shared responses across subjects. However, individual differences have been attracting increasing attention in search of group differences or associations with behavioral outcomes. Individual differences are typicall...	52
10.1162/jocn_a_01654	Tracking the Emergence of Location-based Spatial Representations in Human Scene-Selective Cortex	Scene-selective regions of the human brain form allocentric representations of locations in our environment. These representations are independent of heading direction and allow us to know where we are regardless of our direction of travel. However, we know little about how these location-based representations are form...	53
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1602-20.2022	Action Observation Network Activity Related to Object-Directed and Socially-Directed Actions in Adolescents	The human action observation network (AON) encompasses brain areas consistently engaged when we observe other's actions. Although the core nodes of the AON are present from childhood, it is not known to what extent they are sensitive to different action features during development. Because social cognitive abilities co...	54
10.1073/pnas.2205211120	Distinct replay signatures for prospective decision-making and memory preservation	Theories of neural replay propose that it supports a range of functions, most prominently planning and memory consolidation. Here, we test the hypothesis that distinct signatures of replay in the same task are related to model-based decision-making (“planning”) and memory preservation. We designed a reward learning tas...	55
10.1093/scan/nsac039	Development of social feedback processing and responses in childhood: an fMRI test-replication design in two age cohorts	This study investigated behavioral and neural correlates underlying social feedback processing and subsequent aggressive behaviors in childhood in two age cohorts (test sample: n = 509/n = 385 and replication sample: n = 354/n = 195, 7–9 years old). Using a previously validated Social Network Aggression Task, we showed...	56
10.1002/hbm.25988	Reinforcement learning with associative or discriminative generalization across states and actions: fMRI at 3 T and 7 T	The model‐free algorithms of “reinforcement learning” (RL) have gained clout across disciplines, but so too have model‐based alternatives. The present study emphasizes other dimensions of this model space in consideration of associative or discriminative generalization across states and actions. This “generalized reinf...	57
10.1162/jocn_a_02055	Neural Mechanisms Underlying Trust to Friends, Community Members, and Unknown Peers in Adolescence	Trust plays an important role during adolescence for developing social relations. Although prior developmental studies give us insight into adolescents' development of differentiation between close (e.g., friends) and unknown (e.g., unknown peers) targets in trust choices, less is known about the development of trust t...	58
10.1002/epi4.12881	MRI evidence for material‐specific encoding deficits and mesial–temporal alterations in presurgical frontal lobe epilepsy patients	Neuroimaging studies reveal frontal lobe (FL) contributions to memory encoding. Accordingly, memory impairments are documented in frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). Still, little is known about the structural or functional correlates of such impairments. Particularly, material specificity of functional changes in cerebral ac...	59
10.1093/cercor/bhae357	Age differences in BOLD modulation to task difficulty as a function of amyloid burden	Effective cognitive performance often requires the allocation of additional neural resources (i.e. blood-oxygen-level-dependent [BOLD] activation) as task demands increase, and this demand-related modulation is affected by amyloid-beta deposition and normal aging. The present study investigated these complex relationsh...	60
10.1038/s41598-022-14659-z	Residential green space and air pollution are associated with brain activation in a social-stress paradigm	We examined the influence of three major environmental variables at the place of residence as potential moderating variables for neurofunctional activation during a social-stress paradigm. Data from functional magnetic resonance imaging of 42 male participants were linked to publicly accessible governmental databases p...	61
10.1038/s41467-022-29047-4	A computational model of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease	Disruption of mental functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders is accompanied by selective degeneration of brain regions. These regions comprise large-scale ensembles of cells organized into systems for mental functioning, however the relationship between clinical symptoms of dementia, patterns of neu...	62
10.1093/cercor/bhac464	The gradient model of brain organization in decisions involving “empathy for pain”	Influential models of cortical organization propose a close relationship between heteromodal association areas and highly connected hubs in the default mode network. The “gradient model” of cortical organization proposes a close relationship between these areas and highly connected hubs in the default mode network, a s...	63
10.1038/s41467-024-50102-9	Network mechanisms of ongoing brain activity’s influence on conscious visual perception	Sensory inputs enter a constantly active brain, whose state is always changing from one moment to the next. Currently, little is known about how ongoing, spontaneous brain activity participates in online task processing. We employed 7 Tesla fMRI and a threshold-level visual perception task to probe the effects of prest...	64
10.1002/hbm.26703	Default mode network shows distinct emotional and contextual responses yet common effects of retrieval demands across tasks	The default mode network (DMN) lies towards the heteromodal end of the principal gradient of intrinsic connectivity, maximally separated from the sensory‐motor cortex. It supports memory‐based cognition, including the capacity to retrieve conceptual and evaluative information from sensory inputs, and to generate meanin...	65
10.1007/s00429-022-02526-6	Mapping lesion, structural disconnection, and functional disconnection to symptoms in semantic aphasia	Patients with semantic aphasia have impaired control of semantic retrieval, often accompanied by executive dysfunction following left hemisphere stroke. Many but not all of these patients have damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus, important for semantic and cognitive control. Yet semantic and cognitive control net...	66
10.1162/IMAG.a.91	Multimodal state-dependent connectivity analysis of arousal and autonomic centers in the brainstem and basal forebrain	Vigilance is a continuously altering state of cortical activation that influences cognition and behavior and is disrupted in multiple brain pathologies. Neuromodulatory nuclei in the brainstem and basal forebrain are implicated in arousal regulation and are key drivers of widespread neuronal activity and communication....	67
10.1038/jcbfm.2014.21	The Predictive Power of Brain mRNA Mappings for in vivo Protein Density: A Positron Emission Tomography Correlation Study	Substantial efforts are being spent on postmortem mRNA transcription mapping on the assumption that in vivo protein distribution can be predicted from such data. We tested this assumption by comparing mRNA transcription maps from the Allen Human Brain Atlas with reference protein concentration maps acquired with positr...	68
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5511-11.2012	Social-Cognitive Deficits in Normal Aging	A sizeable number of studies have implicated the default network (e.g., medial prefrontal and parietal cortices) in tasks that require participants to infer the mental states of others (i.e., to mentalize). Parallel research has demonstrated that default network function declines over the lifespan, suggesting that olde...	69
10.1073/pnas.1809855116	Musical reward prediction errors engage the nucleus accumbens and motivate learning	Enjoying music reliably ranks among life's greatest pleasures. Like many hedonic experiences, it engages several reward-related brain areas, with activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) most consistently reflecting the listener's subjective response. Converging evidence suggests that this activity arises from musical “...	70
10.1098/rstb.2018.0033	Brain activity during reciprocal social interaction investigated using conversational robots as control condition	We present a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm for second-person neuroscience. The paradigm compares a human social interaction (human–human interaction, HHI) to an interaction with a conversational robot (human–robot interaction, HRI). The social interaction consists of 1 min blocks of live bidirect...	71
10.1126/science.aaf0941	Organizing conceptual knowledge in humans with a gridlike code	Coding abstract concepts in the brain Grid cells are thought to provide the neuronal code that underlies spatial knowledge in the brain. Grid cells have mostly been studied in the context of path integration. However, recent theoretical studies have suggested that they may have a broader role in the organization of gen...	72
10.1126/science.1134239	The Neural Basis of Loss Aversion in Decision-Making Under Risk	People typically exhibit greater sensitivity to losses than to equivalent gains when making decisions. We investigated neural correlates of loss aversion while individuals decided whether to accept or reject gambles that offered a 50/50 chance of gaining or losing money. A broad set of areas (including midbrain dopamin...	73
10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2019.06.010	Alterations in adolescent dopaminergic systems as a function of early mother‐toddler attachment: A prospective longitudinal examination	Early experiences have the potential for outsized influence on neural development across a wide number of domains. In humans, many of the most important such experiences take place in the context of the mother‐child attachment relationship. Work from animal models has highlighted neural changes in dopaminergic systems ...	74
10.1038/sdata.2016.3	A structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset of brain tumour patients	We collected high resolution structural (T1, T2, DWI) and several functional (BOLD T2*) MRI data in 22 patients with different types of brain tumours. Functional imaging protocols included a motor task, a verb generation task, a word repetition task and resting state. Imaging data are complemented by demographics (age,...	75
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2815-16.2016	Higher Heart-Rate Variability Is Associated with Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Activity and Increased Resistance to Temptation in Dietary Self-Control Challenges	Higher levels of self-control in decision making have been linked to better psychosocial and physical health. A similar link to health outcomes has been reported for heart-rate variability (HRV), a marker of physiological flexibility. Here, we sought to link these two, largely separate, research domains by testing the ...	76
10.1038/srep20093	Distinct Reward Properties are Encoded via Corticostriatal Interactions	The striatum serves as a critical brain region for reward processing. Yet, understanding the link between striatum and reward presents a challenge because rewards are composed of multiple properties. Notably, affective properties modulate emotion while informative properties help obtain future rewards. We approached th...	77
10.1073/pnas.1802523115	Distinguishing neural correlates of context-dependent advantageous- and disadvantageous-inequity aversion	Despite extensive research on disadvantageous inequity, little is known about advantageous inequity and whether these two types of inequity involve differential neurocognitive mechanisms. We address these questions from the perspective of context dependency and suggest that these two types of inequity are associated wi...	78
10.1038/sdata.2016.92	A studyforrest extension, simultaneous fMRI and eye gaze recordings during prolonged natural stimulation	Here we present an update of thestudyforrest(http://studyforrest.org) dataset that complements the previously released functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data for natural language processing with a new two-hour 3 Tesla fMRI acquisition while 15 of the original participants were shown anaudio-visualversion of ...	79
10.1038/tp.2016.213	Brain responses to biological motion predict treatment outcome in young children with autism	Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are common yet complex neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by social, communication and behavioral deficits. Behavioral interventions have shown favorable results—however, the promise of precision medicine in ASD is hampered by a lack of sensitive, objective neurobiological mark...	80
10.1073/pnas.1615773114	Brain networks for confidence weighting and hierarchical inference during probabilistic learning	What has been learned must sometimes be unlearned in a changing world. Yet knowledge updating is difficult since our world is also inherently uncertain. For instance, a heatwave in winter is surprising and ambiguous: does it denote an infrequent fluctuation in normal weather or a profound change? Should I trust my curr...	81
10.1093/schbul/sbz091	Oxytocin Enhances an Amygdala Circuit Associated With Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: A Single-Dose, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover, Randomized Control Trial	Negative symptoms are core contributors to vocational and social deficits in schizophrenia (SZ). Available antipsychotic medications typically fail to reduce these symptoms. The neurohormone oxytocin (OT) is a promising treatment for negative symptoms, given its role in complex social behaviors mediated by the amygdala...	82
10.1177/0956797617699838	Does One Year of Schooling Improve Children’s Cognitive Control and Alter Associated Brain Activation?	The “5-to-7-year shift” refers to the remarkable improvements observed in children's cognitive abilities during this age range, particularly in their ability to exert control over their attention and behavior—that is, their executive functioning. As this shift coincides with school entry, the extent to which it is driv...	83
10.1038/sdata.2016.116	Multi-echo fMRI replication sample of autobiographical memory, prospection and theory of mind reasoning tasks	The default network is involved in self-generated thought, a class of cognition that includes autobiographical memory, prospection, and reasoning about the mental states of others. We collected a replication sample of Spreng and Grady (J Cogn. Neurosci. 22, 1112–1123, 2010), confirming that the default network differen...	84
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4490-15.2016	Independent Neural Computation of Value from Other People's Confidence	Expectation of reward can be shaped by the observation of actions and expressions of other people in one's environment. A person's apparent confidence in the likely reward of an action, for instance, makes qualities of their evidence, not observed directly, socially accessible. This strategy is computationally distingu...	85
10.1093/cercor/bhy011	Frontoparietal Activity Interacts With Task-Evoked Changes in Functional Connectivity	Flexible interactions between brain regions enable neural systems to adaptively transfer and process information. However, the neural substrates that regulate adaptive communications between brain regions are understudied. In this human fMRI study, we investigated this issue by tracking time-varying, task-evoked change...	86
10.7554/eLife.29718	Neural computations underlying inverse reinforcement learning in the human brain	In inverse reinforcement learning an observer infers the reward distribution available for actions in the environment solely through observing the actions implemented by another agent. To address whether this computational process is implemented in the human brain, participants underwent fMRI while learning about slot ...	87
10.1073/pnas.1803916115	Pupil mimicry promotes trust through the theory-of-mind network	Trusting others is central for cooperative endeavors to succeed. To decide whether to trust or not, people generally make eye contact. As pupils of interaction partners align, mimicking pupil size helps them to make well-informed trust decisions. How the brain integrates information from the partner and from their own ...	88
10.1038/s41598-019-51533-x	Elevated perceived threat is associated with reduced hippocampal volume in combat veterans	Reduced hippocampal volume is frequently observed in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the psychological processes associated with these alterations remain unclear. Given hippocampal involvement in memory and contextual representations of threat, we investigated relationships between retrospectively reported co...	89
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2382-18.2019	Dopaminergic Mechanisms Underlying Normal Variation in Trait Anxiety	Trait anxiety has been associated with altered activity within corticolimbic pathways connecting the amygdala and rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), which receive rich dopaminergic input. Though the popular culture uses the term “chemical imbalance” to describe the pathophysiology of psychiatric conditions such ...	90
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1004-10.2010	Intrinsic Connectivity Networks, Alpha Oscillations, and Tonic Alertness: A Simultaneous Electroencephalography/Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study	Trial-by-trial variability in perceptual performance on identical stimuli has been related to spontaneous fluctuations in ongoing activity of intrinsic functional connectivity networks (ICNs). In a paradigm requiring sustained vigilance for instance, we previously observed that higher prestimulus activity in a cingulo-...	91
10.1177/0271678X17740501	Lesion location matters: The relationships between white matter hyperintensities on cognition in the healthy elderly	White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are associated with cognitive decline. We aimed to identify the spatial specificity of WMH impact on cognition in non-demented, healthy elderly. We quantified WMH volume among healthy participants of a community dwelling cohort (n = 702, age range 60 – 82 years, mean age = 69.5 years...	92
10.1177/0956797615569002	Folk Explanations of Behavior	People typically explain others' behaviors by attributing them to the beliefs and motives of an unobservable mind. Although such attributional inferences are critical for understanding the social world, it is unclear whether they rely on processes distinct from those used to understand the nonsocial world. In the prese...	93
10.1111/jora.12334	Dyadic Neural Similarity During Stress in Mother–Child Dyads	Shared psychological processes between individuals occur most between a mother and her child because the mother–child bond is one of the closest forms of human attachment, in which a mother and her child are essentially wired to connect. We recruited mother–child pairs (Ndyad = 19; adolescent: Mage = 13.74, 11 males; m...	94
10.1111/desc.12632	Family conflict is associated with longitudinal changes in insular‐striatal functional connectivity during adolescent risk taking under maternal influence	Maternal presence has marked effects on adolescent neurocognition during risk taking, influencing teenagers to make safer decisions. However, it is currently unknown whether maternal buffering changes over the course of adolescence itself, and whether its effects are robust to individual differences in family relations...	95
10.1073/pnas.1905178117	Brain activity forecasts video engagement in an internet attention market	The growth of the internet has spawned new “attention markets,” in which people devote increasing amounts of time to consuming online content, but the neurobehavioral mechanisms that drive engagement in these markets have yet to be elucidated. We used functional MRI (FMRI) to examine whether individuals' neural respons...	96
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1358-12.2012	Alpha-Band Phase Synchrony Is Related to Activity in the Fronto-Parietal Adaptive Control Network	Neural oscillations in the alpha band (8–12 Hz) are increasingly viewed as an active inhibitory mechanism that gates and controls sensory information processing as a function of cognitive relevance. Extending this view, phase synchronization of alpha oscillations across distant cortical regions could regulate integrati...	97
10.1073/pnas.1508593112	Intergenerational neural mediators of early-life anxious temperament	According to the World Health Organization, anxiety and depressive disorders are a leading source of disability, affecting hundreds of millions of people. Children can inherit an extremely anxious temperament, which is a prominent risk factor for the later development of anxiety, depression, and comorbid substance abus...	98
10.1073/pnas.1714691115	Linked networks for learning and expressing location-specific threat	Learning locations of danger within our environment is a vital adaptive ability whose neural bases are only partially understood. We examined fMRI brain activity while participants navigated a virtual environment in which flowers appeared and were “picked.” Picking flowers in the danger zone (one-half of the environmen...	99

End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

The NeuroVault scrape behind the NeuroVLM NeuroVault evaluation set: the raw tables and statistical maps read by scripts/data/03_neurovault.py (port of docs/02_data/03_neurovault.ipynb), plus that stage's two outputs that later scripts read. The released evaluation set itself (3,183 maps, 312 papers) is in neurovlm/embedded_text (neurovault_images.pt, images_neurovault.parquet, publications_neurovault.parquet).

Files

file	rows / size	what it is
`neurovault_collections.parquet`	555 x 107	NeuroVault collections with a DOI that contain at least one group-level image (NeuroVault API, `/api/collections/`).
`neurovault_images.parquet`	6,210 x 67	Group-level images of those collections (`/api/collections/{id}/images/`), one row per image id.
`neurovault_abstracts.parquet`	157	`doi, title, abstract` from CrossRef for the collection DOIs.
`neurovault_abstracts_missing.csv`	176	`doi, abstract` copied by hand for DOIs CrossRef had no abstract for.
`neurovault_images.tar`	4,611 files, 4.39 GB	`neurovault_images/neurovault_img_{id}.nii.gz` as downloaded from each image's `file` URL: every unthresholded image whose `map_type` is not parcellation, anatomical, ROI/mask or variance, minus ids 22136-22138 (the set stage 03 and the a3 reviewer analysis read). Uncompressed tar, members sorted by id.
`neurovault_images.sha256`	4,611 lines	sha256 of every member of the tar (`sha256sum` format), so an extracted folder can be checked without the tar.
`derived/neurovault_publications.parquet`	333	Stage 03 output: CrossRef plus hand-copied abstracts, cleaned.
`derived/neurovault.pt`	734 MB	Stage 03 output (`torch.load(..., weights_only=False)`): `df_neuro` (3,183 maps), `df_pubs` (312 papers), `neuro` [3183, 28542] (equal to `embedded_text/neurovault_images.pt`), `neuro_clustered` [3183, 28542], `text_emb_{titles,abstracts,titles_abstracts}` [312, 768] (SPECTER2 adhoc_query).

Maps are resampled to the 28,542-voxel mask of neurovlm/NeuroAutoEncoder (mask.npz) in neurovault.pt.

Provenance

The tables were scraped from the NeuroVault API in November-December 2025 (images table 2025-11-06, collections table 2025-12-15) and the maps downloaded by 2025-12-15 (03_neurovault.py --rescrape and --download-images redo this, but a new scrape is a different snapshot). 30 of the 4,611 files are 179-byte "Not Found" HTML pages that NeuroVault returned at download time; they are kept as they were because stage 03 and a3 treat them as unreadable maps. The derived files were written by the notebook on 2026-01-07 and are the ones the paper's NeuroVault results use.

Everything is verbatim except one change: e-mail addresses in neurovault_collections.parquet (22 NeuroVault usernames in owner_name, one in contributors, one in a collection description) were replaced with [email removed]. No NeuroVLM script reads owner_name or contributors. The NIfTI headers are as uploaded to NeuroVault and some carry AFNI processing history (user@host strings and paths of the original uploaders).

Licence

NeuroVault data are released under CC0 (NeuroVault terms). The tables contain public NeuroVault usernames and author lists; neurovault_images.parquet has sparse group-level demographic fields (age, sex, handedness, ...) as entered by the uploaders. Abstracts are the publishers' text, included for research use as in neurovlm/neuro_image_papers.

Downloads last month: 83