<span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>42<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>\n<li>19 September – <i>The Times</i> reports that the US media company International Family Entertainment (IFE) has made an offer to buy TVS for £38.2m.<sup id=\"cite_ref-43\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-43\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>43<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>23 September – Channel 4 begins a rerun of the cult 1960s science fiction series <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Prisoner\" title=\"The Prisoner\">The Prisoner</a></i>, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Patrick_McGoohan\" title=\"Patrick McGoohan\">Patrick McGoohan</a> as the series marks its 25th anniversary.</li>\n<li>25 September – Channel 4 airs the final <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Channel_Four_Daily\" title=\"The Channel Four Daily\">Channel Four Daily</a></i>. The news-based breakfast television show which launched in 1989 is axed due to poor ratings. It will be replaced the following Monday with the much more popular <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Big_Breakfast\" title=\"The Big Breakfast\">The Big Breakfast</a></i>.</li>\n<li>26 September – ITV conclude a season of films starring <a href=\"/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger\" title=\"Arnold Schwarzenegger\">Arnold Schwarzenegger</a> with the 1985 film <i><a href=\"/wiki/Commando_(1985_film)\" title=\"Commando (1985 film)\">Commando</a></i>.</li>\n<li>28 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Big_Breakfast\" title=\"The Big Breakfast\">The Big Breakfast</a></i> is launched on Channel 4 at 7am, hosted by <a href=\"/wiki/Chris_Evans_(presenter)\" title=\"Chris Evans (presenter)\">Chris Evans</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Gaby_Roslin\" title=\"Gaby Roslin\">Gaby Roslin</a>; it proves to be a huge hit with viewers with an irreverent and lighter look at current events and entertainment news as well featuring celebrity interviews with <a href=\"/wiki/Paula_Yates\" title=\"Paula Yates\">Paula Yates</a>. It also sees the UK debut of the comedic Irish puppet duo <a href=\"/wiki/Zig_and_Zag_(puppets)\" title=\"Zig and Zag (puppets)\">Zig and Zag</a>. The series will run until 2002.</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"October\">October</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=11\" title=\"Edit section: October\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>1 October – <a href=\"/wiki/Sky_Cinema\" title=\"Sky Cinema\">Sky Movies Gold</a>, a channel dedicated to classic movies, goes on the air. It replaces The Comedy Channel.</li>\n<li>3 October\n<ul><li>Comedian and presenter <a href=\"/wiki/Leslie_Crowther\" title=\"Leslie Crowther\">Leslie Crowther</a> sustains serious head injuries after his Rolls-Royce veers out of control and crashes on the M5 near Cheltenham. He subsequently undergoes surgery to remove a blood clot on his brain.<sup id=\"cite_ref-44\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-44\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>44<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-45\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-45\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>45<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>The network television premiere on ITV of the James Bond film <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Living_Daylights\" title=\"The Living Daylights\">The Living Daylights</a></i>, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Timothy_Dalton\" title=\"Timothy Dalton\">Timothy Dalton</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-46\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-46\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>46<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>\n<li>5 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation\" title=\"Star Trek: The Next Generation\">Star Trek: The Next Generation</a></i> makes its UK debut on Sky One. The series is initially scheduled to be shown five nights a week from Monday to Friday at 5pm as well as going all the way up to the penultimate episode of the sixth season on 16 August the following year, but prior to that the first run rights in the UK have been on BBC2 to broadcast every episode from \"Encounter at Farpoint\", the first episode to \"The Best of Both Worlds\", a two-part special, with the exception of a <a href=\"/wiki/The_High_Ground_(Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation)\" title=\"The High Ground (Star Trek: The Next Generation)\">banned episode</a> which is not shown until 2007.</li>\n<li>8 October – BBC2 airs the first episode of <i><a href=\"/wiki/Later..._with_Jools_Holland\" title=\"Later... with Jools Holland\">Later... with Jools Holland</a></i>. Artists and groups featuring on the inaugural edition are <a href=\"/wiki/The_Neville_Brothers\" title=\"The Neville Brothers\">The Neville Brothers</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/The_Christians_(band)\" title=\"The Christians (band)\">The Christians</a>, Nu Colours and <a href=\"/wiki/D%27Influence\" title=\"D'Influence\">D'Influence</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-47\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-47\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>47<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>10 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Gladiators_(1992_UK_TV_series)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gladiators (1992 UK TV series)\">Gladiators</a></i>, a British adaptation of the American competition show of the same name, makes its debut on ITV, presented by <a href=\"/wiki/Ulrika_Jonsson\" title=\"Ulrika Jonsson\">Ulrika Jonsson</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/John_Fashanu\" title=\"John Fashanu\">John Fashanu</a>.</li>\n<li>12 October – <a href=\"/wiki/Anne_Diamond\" title=\"Anne Diamond\">Anne Diamond</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Nick_Owen\" title=\"Nick Owen\">Nick Owen</a> present a brand new daytime show on BBC1 called <i><a href=\"/wiki/Good_Morning_with_Anne_and_Nick\" title=\"Good Morning with Anne and Nick\">Good Morning with Anne and Nick</a></i>. A potential rival to ITV's <i><a href=\"/wiki/This_Morning_(TV_programme)\" title=\"This Morning (TV programme)\">This Morning</a></i>, the series reunites Diamond and Owen who had previously presented together on <i><a href=\"/wiki/Good_Morning_Britain_(1983_TV_programme)\" title=\"Good Morning Britain (1983 TV programme)\">Good Morning Britain</a></i> during the 1980s.<sup id=\"cite_ref-48\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-48\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>48<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-49\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-49\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>49<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>14 October – The network television premiere of <a href=\"/wiki/John_McTiernan\" title=\"John McTiernan\">John McTiernan</a>'s 1988 action thriller <i><a href=\"/wiki/Die_Hard\" title=\"Die Hard\">Die Hard</a></i> on ITV, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Bruce_Willis\" title=\"Bruce Willis\">Bruce Willis</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Alan_Rickman\" title=\"Alan Rickman\">Alan Rickman</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Bonnie_Bedelia\" title=\"Bonnie Bedelia\">Bonnie Bedelia</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Reginald_VelJohnson\" title=\"Reginald VelJohnson\">Reginald VelJohnson</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Paul_Gleason\" title=\"Paul Gleason\">Paul Gleason</a>.</li>\n<li>20 October – Channel 4 airs <i>Burning Books on Sex</i>, a programme reviewing <a href=\"/wiki/Madonna\" title=\"Madonna\">Madonna</a>'s book <i><a href=\"/wiki/Sex_(book)\" title=\"Sex (book)\">Sex</a></i> which is published the following day. On the following day, the channel airs <i>Ross Meets Madonna</i>, in which <a href=\"/wiki/Jonathan_Ross\" title=\"Jonathan Ross\">Jonathan Ross</a> talks to the singer.</li>\n<li>21 October – The US soap <i><a href=\"/wiki/Melrose_Place\" title=\"Melrose Place\">Melrose Place</a></i> makes its UK debut on Sky One.</li>\n<li>24 October – The fictional character <a href=\"/wiki/Mr_Blobby\" title=\"Mr Blobby\">Mr Blobby</a> makes his debut in the 'Gotcha' segment of <a href=\"/wiki/Noel%27s_House_Party\" title=\"Noel's House Party\">Noel's House Party</a> on BBC1.</li>\n<li>29 October – The video game magazine show <i><a href=\"/wiki/Bad_Influence!\" title=\"Bad Influence!\">Bad Influence!</a></i> makes its debut on ITV, hosted by <a href=\"/wiki/Andy_Crane\" title=\"Andy Crane\">Andy Crane</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Violet_Berlin\" title=\"Violet Berlin\">Violet Berlin</a>.</li>\n<li>31 October\n<ul><li>BBC1's controversial one-off drama <i><a href=\"/wiki/Ghostwatch\" title=\"Ghostwatch\">Ghostwatch</a></i> is broadcast, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Michael_Parkinson\" title=\"Michael Parkinson\">Michael Parkinson</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Sarah_Greene\" title=\"Sarah Greene\">Sarah Greene</a>. The pseudo-documentary drama sees a BBC crew's 'live' investigation into a haunted North London house. The programme receives a record number of complaints and tabloid newspapers run extensive coverage following the suicide of one disturbed viewer.<sup id=\"cite_ref-50\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-50\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>50<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-51\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-51\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>51<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>BBC2 airs <i><a href=\"/wiki/Horror_Double_Bills\" title=\"Horror Double Bills\">The Vault of Horror</a></i>, an all-night Halloween marathon from 11pm until 7.30am, featuring the films <i><a href=\"/wiki/Creepshow\" title=\"Creepshow\">Creepshow</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Curse_of_the_Werewolf\" title=\"The Curse of the Werewolf\">The Curse of the Werewolf</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Bride_of_Frankenstein\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Bride of Frankenstein\">The Bride of Frankenstein</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Death_Line\" title=\"Death Line\">Death Line</a></i> and <i><a href=\"/wiki/Abbott_and_Costello_Meet_Frankenstein\" title=\"Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein\">Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein</a></i>.</li></ul></li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"November\">November</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=12\" title=\"Edit section: November\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>1 November – <a href=\"/wiki/Gold_(British_TV_channel)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gold (British TV channel)\">UK Gold</a> is launched. It is a joint venture between the BBC and Thames and shows programmes from the archives of both broadcasters; the channel later focuses on comedy programmes.</li>\n<li>2 November – Channel 4 celebrates ten years on the air; also on this day, the \"Fourscore\" theme used in the idents is replaced.</li>\n<li>3 November – An article in <i>Variety</i> magazine indicates that a number of US companies are interested in acquiring TVS, including TCW Capital, <a href=\"/wiki/International_Family_Entertainment_Inc.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"International Family Entertainment Inc.\">International Family Entertainment Inc.</a> (IFE) and Lorne Michaels.<sup id=\"cite_ref-52\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-52\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>52<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> TCW Capital subsequently goes on to make an offer to rival IFE,<sup id=\"cite_ref-53\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-53\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>53<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> but pulls out a few weeks later after reviewing the TVS accounts.<sup id=\"cite_ref-54\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-54\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>54<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>9 November – ITV's <i><a href=\"/wiki/ITV_News_at_Ten\" title=\"ITV News at Ten\">News at Ten</a></i> is given its first major relaunch, in part to address the criticism it has attracted over the last few years. In a bid to regain the personal touch that it is felt has been lost, the programme dispenses with the dual-presentation team in favour of a sole newscaster, <a href=\"/wiki/Trevor_McDonald\" title=\"Trevor McDonald\">Trevor McDonald</a> who subsequently becomes one of the most well-known newscasters in the UK. <a href=\"/wiki/Julia_Somerville\" title=\"Julia Somerville\">Julia Somerville</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/John_Suchet\" title=\"John Suchet\">John Suchet</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Dermot_Murnaghan\" title=\"Dermot Murnaghan\">Dermot Murnaghan</a> each present <i>News at Ten</i> when he is absent. The bulletin continues with this format until 5 March 1999 when it is axed.</li>\n<li>12 November\n<ul><li>BBC1 airs the 1,500th edition of <i><a href=\"/wiki/Top_of_the_Pops\" title=\"Top of the Pops\">Top of the Pops</a></i>. Presented by Mark Franklin, the show features performances from <a href=\"/wiki/Charles_%26_Eddie\" title=\"Charles & Eddie\">Charles & Eddie</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Michael_Bolton\" title=\"Michael Bolton\">Michael Bolton</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Vanessa_Paradis\" title=\"Vanessa Paradis\">Vanessa Paradis</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Boyz_II_Men\" title=\"Boyz II Men\">Boyz II Men</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-55\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-55\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>55<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-56\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-56\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>56<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>The first episode of <i><a href=\"/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous\" title=\"Absolutely Fabulous\">Absolutely Fabulous</a></i>, the hugely popular sitcom written by and starring <a href=\"/wiki/Jennifer_Saunders\" title=\"Jennifer Saunders\">Jennifer Saunders</a>, is broadcast on BBC2 with subsequent series airing on BBC1. The series also stars <a href=\"/wiki/Joanna_Lumley\" title=\"Joanna Lumley\">Joanna Lumley</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Julia_Sawalha\" title=\"Julia Sawalha\">Julia Sawalha</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Jane_Horrocks\" title=\"Jane Horrocks\">Jane Horrocks</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/June_Whitfield\" title=\"June Whitfield\">June Whitfield</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-57\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-57\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>57<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>\n<li>20 November – <a href=\"/wiki/Bob_Mills_(comedian)\" title=\"Bob Mills (comedian)\">Bob Mills</a> presents a late-night programme on ITV set in his home called <i><a href=\"/wiki/In_Bed_with_Medinner\" title=\"In Bed with Medinner\">In Bed with Medinner</a></i> in which he specialises in a cynical view of life and its everyday objects and in pastiches of popular culture icons.</li>\n<li>26 November – <i>The Times</i> reports that IFE have increased their offer to purchase TVS to £45.3 million.<sup id=\"cite_ref-58\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-58\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>58<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>28 November\n<ul><li>ITV show the network television premiere of <a href=\"/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis\" title=\"Robert Zemeckis\">Robert Zemeckis</a>'s 1988 animated comedy film <i><a href=\"/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit\" title=\"Who Framed Roger Rabbit\">Who Framed Roger Rabbit</a></i>, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Bob_Hoskins\" title=\"Bob Hoskins\">Bob Hoskins</a>.</li>\n<li>BBC1 shows the network television premiere of the 1990 monster comedy film <i><a href=\"/wiki/Tremors_(1990_film)\" title=\"Tremors (1990 film)\">Tremors</a></i>, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Kevin_Bacon\" title=\"Kevin Bacon\">Kevin Bacon</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Fred_Ward\" title=\"Fred Ward\">Fred Ward</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-59\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-59\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>59<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>Channel 4 show <a href=\"/wiki/U2\" title=\"U2\">U2</a>'s acclaimed live concert tour <a href=\"/wiki/Zoo_TV_Tour\" title=\"Zoo TV Tour\">Zoo TV</a>.</li></ul></li>\n<li>29 November – Sky One airs an <a href=\"/wiki/The_High_Ground_(Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation)\" title=\"The High Ground (Star Trek: The Next Generation)\">unseen third season's episode</a> of <i><a href=\"/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation\" title=\"Star Trek: The Next Generation\">Star Trek: The Next Generation</a></i>. It is not shown on BBC2 until 29 September 2007, due to references to the reunification of Ireland being achieved through terrorism in Northern Ireland between the Provisional Irish Republican Army and the Troubles.</li>\n<li>30 November\n<ul><li>To mark the 53rd European Council meeting, held in Edinburgh on 11–12 December, BBC1 Scotland begins a week of programming dedicated to Europe, including comedy, sport, documentaries and political programmes. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Reporting_Scotland\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Reporting Scotland\">Reporting Scotland</a></i> also carries a week of reports about Britain's relationship with Europe.</li>\n<li>After 37 years on the air, the final edition of the long-running children's series <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Sooty_Show\" title=\"The Sooty Show\">The Sooty Show</a></i> is broadcast on ITV with the episode <i>Fanatical Fun</i>, one month before its maker Thames goes off the air, although it will be relaunched in September of the following year with the Granada-produced <i><a href=\"/wiki/Sooty_%26_Co.\" title=\"Sooty & Co.\">Sooty & Co.</a></i>.</li></ul></li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"December\">December</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=13\" title=\"Edit section: December\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>3 December\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Noddy%27s_Toyland_Adventures\" title=\"Noddy's Toyland Adventures\">Noddy's Toyland Adventures</a></i> begins airing in Namibia on <a href=\"/wiki/Namibian_Broadcasting_Corporation\" title=\"Namibian Broadcasting Corporation\">NBC</a>.</li>\n<li>BBC2 airs <i>The Truth About Sex</i>, a <i><a href=\"/wiki/Horizon_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"Horizon (British TV series)\">Horizon</a></i> special which reveals the first results from the <a href=\"/wiki/National_Survey_of_Sexual_Attitudes_and_Lifestyles\" title=\"National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles\">national survey</a> as the largest study of <a href=\"/wiki/Human_sexual_activity\" title=\"Human sexual activity\">human sexual behaviour</a> dealing explicitly with matters as well as the science of <a href=\"/wiki/Sexology\" title=\"Sexology\">sexology</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Eroticism\" title=\"Eroticism\">eroticism</a>, including interviews of veteran researchers <a href=\"/wiki/Masters_and_Johnson\" title=\"Masters and Johnson\">William Masters and Virginia Johnson</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-60\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-60\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>60<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>\n<li>5 December – The network television premiere of <a href=\"/wiki/Ted_Kotcheff\" title=\"Ted Kotcheff\">Ted Kotcheff</a>'s 1989 black comedy <i><a href=\"/wiki/Weekend_at_Bernie%27s\" title=\"Weekend at Bernie's\">Weekend at Bernie's</a></i> on BBC1, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Andrew_McCarthy\" title=\"Andrew McCarthy\">Andrew McCarthy</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Jonathan_Silverman\" title=\"Jonathan Silverman\">Jonathan Silverman</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-61\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-61\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>61<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>6 December – Debut of the long-running police detective series <i><a href=\"/wiki/A_Touch_of_Frost\" title=\"A Touch of Frost\">A Touch of Frost</a></i> on ITV, starring <a href=\"/wiki/David_Jason\" title=\"David Jason\">David Jason</a>.</li>\n<li>7 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Thomas_%26_Friends\" title=\"Thomas & Friends\">Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends</a></i> starts airing in Malaysia in its original UK format on <a href=\"/wiki/TV3_(Malaysia)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"TV3 (Malaysia)\">TV3</a>, replacing <i><a href=\"/wiki/Art_Attack\" title=\"Art Attack\">Art Attack</a></i>.</li>\n<li>11 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Times\" title=\"The Times\">The Times</a></i> reports that IFE's bid to buy TVS has been blocked on technical grounds by Julian Tregar, amid concerns that the offer is too low.<sup id=\"cite_ref-62\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-62\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>62<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>17 December – Ahead of the loss of its franchise, the final edition of the Thames-produced current affairs series <i><a href=\"/wiki/This_Week_(1956_TV_programme)\" title=\"This Week (1956 TV programme)\">This Week</a></i> is broadcast.</li>\n<li>18 December – After 30 years on the air, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Police_5\" title=\"Police 5\">Police 5</a></i> is broadcast on ITV for the final time. It has been broadcast on <a href=\"/wiki/Television_South\" title=\"Television South\">TVS</a> and ends ahead of them losing their broadcasting franchise and after negotiations with the next franchise holder, Meridian, it has been decided that they would not continue with the programme.<sup id=\"cite_ref-63\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-63\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>63<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>20 December – <a href=\"/wiki/Beatrix_Potter\" title=\"Beatrix Potter\">Beatrix Potter</a>'s children's stories are shown in the animated series <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_World_of_Peter_Rabbit_and_Friends\" title=\"The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends\">The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends</a></i> which makes its debut on BBC1.</li>\n<li>22 December – The network television premiere of 1986 American war drama <i><a href=\"/wiki/Heartbreak_Ridge\" title=\"Heartbreak Ridge\">Heartbreak Ridge</a></i> on ITV, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Clint_Eastwood\" title=\"Clint Eastwood\">Clint Eastwood</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Marsha_Mason\" title=\"Marsha Mason\">Marsha Mason</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Everett_McGill\" title=\"Everett McGill\">Everett McGill</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Moses_Gunn\" title=\"Moses Gunn\">Moses Gunn</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Mario_Van_Peebles\" title=\"Mario Van Peebles\">Mario Van Peebles</a>.</li>\n<li>23 December\n<ul><li>The Queen's Royal Christmas Message is leaked in <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)\" title=\"The Sun (United Kingdom)\">The Sun</a></i> newspaper, 48 hours ahead of its traditional Christmas Day broadcast.<sup id=\"cite_ref-64\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-64\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>64<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>Thames broadcasts its final full-length edition of <i><a href=\"/wiki/Thames_News\" title=\"Thames News\">Thames News</a></i>.</li></ul></li>\n<li>25 December\n<ul><li>Christmas Day highlights on BBC1 include the network television premieres of <a href=\"/wiki/Steven_Spielberg\" title=\"Steven Spielberg\">Steven Spielberg's</a> 1989 adventure film sequel <i><a href=\"/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade\" title=\"Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade\">Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade</a></i>, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Harrison_Ford\" title=\"Harrison Ford\">Harrison Ford</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Sean_Connery\" title=\"Sean Connery\">Sean Connery</a> as well as the comedy <i><a href=\"/wiki/Shirley_Valentine\" title=\"Shirley Valentine\">Shirley Valentine</a></i>, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Pauline_Collins\" title=\"Pauline Collins\">Pauline Collins</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-65\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-65\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>65<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>BBC2's Christmas Day schedule includes highlights of <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Freddie_Mercury_Tribute_Concert\" title=\"The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert\">The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert</a></i> that was held in April.<sup id=\"cite_ref-66\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-66\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>66<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>Christmas Day highlights on ITV include the network television premieres of <i><a href=\"/wiki/Three_Fugitives\" title=\"Three Fugitives\">Three Fugitives</a></i> starring <a href=\"/wiki/Nick_Nolte\" title=\"Nick Nolte\">Nick Nolte</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Martin_Short\" title=\"Martin Short\">Martin Short</a>, and <i><a href=\"/wiki/Youngblood_(1986_film)\" title=\"Youngblood (1986 film)\">Youngblood</a></i> starring <a href=\"/wiki/Rob_Lowe\" title=\"Rob Lowe\">Rob Lowe</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Patrick_Swayze\" title=\"Patrick Swayze\">Patrick Swayze</a>. There is also a Christmas edition of <i><a href=\"/wiki/Blind_Date_(British_game_show)\" title=\"Blind Date (British game show)\">Blind Date</a></i>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-67\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-67\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>67<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>\n<li>26 December – The network television premiere of <a href=\"/wiki/Rob_Reiner\" title=\"Rob Reiner\">Rob Reiner</a>'s 1989 romantic comedy <i><a href=\"/wiki/When_Harry_Met_Sally...\" title=\"When Harry Met Sally...\">When Harry Met Sally</a></i> on BBC1, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Billy_Crystal\" title=\"Billy Crystal\">Billy Crystal</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Meg_Ryan\" title=\"Meg Ryan\">Meg Ryan</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-68\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-68\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>68<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>27 December – <a href=\"/wiki/Joan_Hickson\" title=\"Joan Hickson\">Joan Hickson</a> makes her final appearance as <a href=\"/wiki/Miss_Marple\" title=\"Miss Marple\">Miss Marple</a> in the <a href=\"/wiki/Miss_Marple_(TV_series)\" title=\"Miss Marple (TV series)\">BBC1 TV series</a> with a feature-length adaptation of <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Mirror_Crack%27d_from_Side_to_Side\" title=\"The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side\">The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side</a></i>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-69\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-69\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>69<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>28 December\n<ul><li>As part of a theme night devoted to rival broadcaster <a href=\"/wiki/ITV_Granada\" title=\"ITV Granada\">Granada</a>, BBC2 airs the first new edition of <i><a href=\"/wiki/University_Challenge\" title=\"University Challenge\">University Challenge</a></i> in five years.<sup id=\"cite_ref-70\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-70\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>70<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> The show returns for a full series two years later, presented by <a href=\"/wiki/Jeremy_Paxman\" title=\"Jeremy Paxman\">Jeremy Paxman</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-71\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-71\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>71<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>ITV broadcasts the 1000th episode of <i><a href=\"/wiki/Home_and_Away\" title=\"Home and Away\">Home and Away</a></i>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-72\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-72\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>72<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>\n<li>29 December – The network television premiere of <a href=\"/wiki/Michael_Apted\" title=\"Michael Apted\">Michael Apted</a>'s 1988 biographical drama <i><a href=\"/wiki/Gorillas_in_the_Mist\" title=\"Gorillas in the Mist\">Gorillas in the Mist</a></i> on BBC1, starring <a href=\"/wiki/Sigourney_Weaver\" title=\"Sigourney Weaver\">Sigourney Weaver</a> as the American primatologist and conversationist <a href=\"/wiki/Dian_Fossey\" title=\"Dian Fossey\">Dian Fossey</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-73\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-73\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>73<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>30 December – BBC2 airs <i>Unplugged – Eric Clapton</i>, in which he plays acoustic versions of some of his tracks.<sup id=\"cite_ref-74\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-74\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>74<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>31 December\n<ul><li>After losing its broadcasting franchise in the previous year's franchise round, Thames goes off the air after 24 years. <a href=\"/wiki/Television_South\" title=\"Television South\">TVS</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Television_South_West\" title=\"Television South West\">TSW</a>, breakfast television service <a href=\"/wiki/TV-am\" title=\"TV-am\">TV-am</a> and teletext service <a href=\"/wiki/ORACLE_(teletext)\" title=\"ORACLE (teletext)\">ORACLE</a> also go off the air after losing their franchises.</li>\n<li>Channel 4's testcard <a href=\"/wiki/ETP-1\" title=\"ETP-1\">ETP-1</a> is shown for the final time.</li>\n<li>Sky stops broadcasting via the <a href=\"/wiki/Thor_(satellite)\" title=\"Thor (satellite)\">Marcopolo satellite</a>.</li></ul></li>\n<li>December – The ITC rejects the Channel 5 Holdings Ltd bid to run the UK's fifth television channel, amid concerns about its business plan and investor commitment to the project.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Thisisfive_19-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Thisisfive-19\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>19<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Unknown\">Unknown</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=14\" title=\"Edit section: Unknown\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/John_Birt,_Baron_Birt\" title=\"John Birt, Baron Birt\">John Birt</a> is appointed to succeed Sir <a href=\"/wiki/Michael_Checkland\" title=\"Michael Checkland\">Michael Checkland</a> as Director-General of the BBC.</li>\n<li>Sir <a href=\"/wiki/Michael_Bishop,_Baron_Glendonbrook\" title=\"Michael Bishop, Baron Glendonbrook\">Michael Bishop</a> succeeds Sir <a href=\"/wiki/Richard_Attenborough\" title=\"Richard Attenborough\">Richard Attenborough</a> as Chairman of Channel 4.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4at25_75-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4at25-75\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>75<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Debuts\">Debuts</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=15\" title=\"Edit section: Debuts\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"BBC1\">BBC1</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=16\" title=\"Edit section: BBC1\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>3 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Love_Hurts_(TV_series)\" title=\"Love Hurts (TV series)\">Love Hurts</a></i> (1992–1994)</li>\n<li>4 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Moon_and_Son\" title=\"Moon and Son\">Moon and Son</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>6 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Goodbye_Cruel_World_(TV_series)\" title=\"Goodbye Cruel World (TV series)\">Goodbye Cruel World</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>7 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Joshua_Jones_(TV_series)\" title=\"Joshua Jones (TV series)\">Joshua Jones</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>8 January\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Archer%27s_Goon\" title=\"Archer's Goon\">Archer's Goon</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Fiddley_Foodle_Bird\" title=\"Fiddley Foodle Bird\">Fiddley Foodle Bird</a></i> (1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li>10 January\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Grace_%26_Favour\" title=\"Grace & Favour\">Grace & Favour</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Hangar_17\" title=\"Hangar 17\">Hangar 17</a></i> (1992–1994)</li></ul></li>\n<li>12 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/As_Time_Goes_By_(TV_series)\" title=\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\">As Time Goes By</a></i> (1992–2005)</li>\n<li>15 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Bucky_O%27Hare_and_the_Toad_Wars\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Bucky O'Hare and the Toad Wars\">Bucky O'Hare and the Toad Wars</a></i> (1991)</li>\n<li>26 January – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=A_Time_to_Dance&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"A Time to Dance (page does not exist)\">A Time to Dance</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>18 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Rides_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"Rides (British TV series)\">Rides</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>19 February – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=A_Likely_Lad&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"A Likely Lad (page does not exist)\">A Likely Lad</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>23 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/So_Haunt_Me\" title=\"So Haunt Me\">So Haunt Me</a></i> (1992–1994)</li>\n<li>24 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Mulberry_(TV_series)\" title=\"Mulberry (TV series)\">Mulberry</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>27 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Us_Girls\" title=\"Us Girls\">Us Girls</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>15 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Screaming_(TV_series)\" title=\"Screaming (TV series)\">Screaming</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>16 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Old_Devils\" title=\"The Old Devils\">The Old Devils</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>31 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Resnick_(TV_series)\" title=\"Resnick (TV series)\">Resnick</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>7 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Pirates_of_Dark_Water\" title=\"The Pirates of Dark Water\">The Pirates of Dark Water</a></i> (1991–1993)</li>\n<li>19 April\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Favorite_Songs\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Favorite Songs\">Favorite Songs</a></i> (1990–1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Amazing_Stories_(1985_TV_series)\" title=\"Amazing Stories (1985 TV series)\">Steven Spielberg's Amazing Stories</a></i> (1985–1987)</li></ul></li>\n<li>20 April – <i>Thacker</i> (1992)</li>\n<li>24 April – <i>The Torch</i> (1992)</li>\n<li>25 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Parallel_9\" title=\"Parallel 9\">Parallel 9</a></i> (1992–1994)</li>\n<li>26 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Don%27t_Tell_Father\" title=\"Don't Tell Father\">Don't Tell Father</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>27 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Side_by_Side_(TV_series)\" title=\"Side by Side (TV series)\">Side by Side</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>3 May – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Strathblair\" title=\"Strathblair\">Strathblair</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>10 May – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Barbara_Vine_Mysteries\" title=\"The Barbara Vine Mysteries\">The Barbara Vine Mysteries</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>15 May – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Friday_on_My_Mind_(TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Friday on My Mind (TV series) (page does not exist)\">Friday on My Mind</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>16 May – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Growing_Pains_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"Growing Pains (British TV series)\">Growing Pains</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>31 May – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Natural_Lies&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Natural Lies (page does not exist)\">Natural Lies</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>24 June – <i>CIA</i> (1992) (documentary)</li>\n<li>25 June – <i><a href=\"/wiki/999_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"999 (British TV series)\">999</a></i> (1992–2003)</li>\n<li>6 July – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Eldorado_(TV_series)\" title=\"Eldorado (TV series)\">Eldorado</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>23 July – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=The_Night_of_the_Red_Hunter&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"The Night of the Red Hunter (page does not exist)\">The Night of the Red Hunter</a></i> (1989)</li>\n<li>24 July – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Virtual_Murder_(TV_series)\" title=\"Virtual Murder (TV series)\">Virtual Murder</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>4 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Between_the_Lines_(TV_series)\" title=\"Between the Lines (TV series)\">Between the Lines</a></i> (1992–1994)</li>\n<li>6 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/A_Very_Peculiar_Practice\" title=\"A Very Peculiar Practice\">A Very Polish Practice</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>14 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Fox%27s_Peter_Pan_%26_the_Pirates\" title=\"Fox's Peter Pan & the Pirates\">Peter Pan and the Pirates</a></i> (1990–1991)</li>\n<li>17 September\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Noddy%27s_Toyland_Adventures\" title=\"Noddy's Toyland Adventures\">Noddy's Toyland Adventures</a></i> (1992–1999)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Puppydog_Tales\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Puppydog Tales\">Puppydog Tales</a></i> (1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li>18 September\n<ul><li><i>Christopher Crocodile</i> (1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_Alvin_and_the_Chipmunks_(1983_TV_series)_episodes#Season_8:_The_Chipmunks_go_to_the_Movies_(1990)\" title=\"List of Alvin and the Chipmunks (1983 TV series) episodes\">The Chipmunks Go to the Movies</a></i> (1990)</li></ul></li>\n<li>22 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Civvies_(TV_series)\" title=\"Civvies (TV series)\">Civvies</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>26 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Run_the_Risk\" title=\"Run the Risk\">Run the Risk</a></i> (1992–1996)</li>\n<li>29 September\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Spacevets\" title=\"Spacevets\">Spacevets</a></i> (1992–1994)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Funnybones\" title=\"Funnybones\">Funnybones</a></i> (1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li>12 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Good_Morning_with_Anne_and_Nick\" title=\"Good Morning with Anne and Nick\">Good Morning with Anne and Nick</a></i> (1992–1996)</li>\n<li>21 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Pole_to_Pole_with_Michael_Palin\" title=\"Pole to Pole with Michael Palin\">Pole to Pole</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>26 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Get_Back_(TV_series)\" title=\"Get Back (TV series)\">Get Back</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>31 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Ghostwatch\" title=\"Ghostwatch\">Ghostwatch</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>1 November – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Tell_Tale_Hearts\" title=\"Tell Tale Hearts\">Tell Tale Hearts</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>19 November – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Sitting_Pretty_(TV_series)\" title=\"Sitting Pretty (TV series)\">Sitting Pretty</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>22 November – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Look_at_It_This_Way&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Look at It This Way (page does not exist)\">Look at It This Way</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>20 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_World_of_Peter_Rabbit_and_Friends\" title=\"The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends\">The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends</a></i> (1992–1995)</li>\n<li>25 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Juniper_Jungle\" title=\"Juniper Jungle\">Juniper Jungle</a></i> (1992–1993)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"BBC2\">BBC2</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=17\" title=\"Edit section: BBC2\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>6 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Pall_Bearer%27s_Revue\" title=\"The Pall Bearer's Revue\">The Pall Bearer's Revue</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>14 February – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Witchcraft_(TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Witchcraft (TV series) (page does not exist)\">Witchcraft</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>17 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Underbelly_(TV_series)\" title=\"Underbelly (TV series)\">Underbelly</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>22 April – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Mr._Wakefield%27s_Crusade&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Mr. Wakefield's Crusade (page does not exist)\">Mr. Wakefield's Crusade</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>11 June – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Pandora%27s_Box_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"Pandora's Box (British TV series)\">Pandora's Box</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>23 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Ghostwriter_(1992_TV_series)\" title=\"Ghostwriter (1992 TV series)\">Ghostwriter</a></i> (1992–1995)</li>\n<li>7 October – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Downtown_Lagos&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Downtown Lagos (page does not exist)\">Downtown Lagos</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>8 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Later..._with_Jools_Holland\" title=\"Later... with Jools Holland\">Later... with Jools Holland</a></i> (1992–present)</li>\n<li>28 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Secret_Agent_(1992_TV_series)\" title=\"The Secret Agent (1992 TV series)\">The Secret Agent</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>8 November – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Borrowers_(1992_TV_series)\" title=\"The Borrowers (1992 TV series)\">The Borrowers</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>12 November – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous\" title=\"Absolutely Fabulous\">Absolutely Fabulous</a></i> (<b>1992–1996</b>, 2001–2004, 2011–2012)</li>\n<li>18 November – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Nice_Town&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Nice Town (page does not exist)\">Nice Town</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>7 December – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Unnatural_Pursuits&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Unnatural Pursuits (page does not exist)\">Unnatural Pursuits</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>29 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Vampyr:_A_Soap_Opera\" title=\"The Vampyr: A Soap Opera\">The Vampyr: A Soap Opera</a></i> (1992)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"ITV\">ITV</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=18\" title=\"Edit section: ITV\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>3 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Good_Guys_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"The Good Guys (British TV series)\">The Good Guys</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>9 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Runaway_Bay_(TV_series)\" title=\"Runaway Bay (TV series)\">Runaway Bay</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>10 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Truckers_(1992_TV_series)\" title=\"Truckers (1992 TV series)\">Truckers</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>25 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Cloning_of_Joanna_May\" title=\"The Cloning of Joanna May\">The Cloning of Joanna May</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>9 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Maigret_(1992_TV_series)\" title=\"Maigret (1992 TV series)\">Maigret</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>16 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Old_Boy_Network\" title=\"The Old Boy Network\">The Old Boy Network</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>18 February\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Men_Behaving_Badly\" title=\"Men Behaving Badly\">Men Behaving Badly</a></i> (1992–1998)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Just_Us_(TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Just Us (TV series) (page does not exist)\">Just Us</a></i> (1992–1994)</li></ul></li>\n<li>22 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Brian_Conley_Show\" title=\"The Brian Conley Show\">The Brian Conley Show</a></i> (1992–2002)</li>\n<li>28 February – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Growing_Rich&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Growing Rich (page does not exist)\">Growing Rich</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>9 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Junglies\" title=\"Junglies\">Junglies</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>10 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Extraordinary_People_(1992_TV_series)\" title=\"Extraordinary People (1992 TV series)\">Extraordinary People</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>10 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Heartbeat_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"Heartbeat (British TV series)\">Heartbeat</a></i> (1992–2010)<sup id=\"cite_ref-Heartbeat_18-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Heartbeat-18\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li>17 April – <i>White Bear's Secret</i> (1992)</li>\n<li>24 April\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Gingerbread_Man_(TV_series)\" title=\"The Gingerbread Man (TV series)\">The Gingerbread Man</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/My_Friend_Walter\" title=\"My Friend Walter\">My Friend Walter</a></i> (1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li>25 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Gimme_5_(TV_series)\" title=\"Gimme 5 (TV series)\">Gimme 5</a></i> (1992–1994)</li>\n<li>8 May – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Wilderness_Edge&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Wilderness Edge (page does not exist)\">Wilderness Edge</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>12 May – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_Attitudes\" title=\"Anglo-Saxon Attitudes\">Anglo-Saxon Attitudes</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>17 May – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Root_Into_Europe\" title=\"Root Into Europe\">Root Into Europe</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>8 June – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=The_Guilty_(1992_TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"The Guilty (1992 TV series) (page does not exist)\">The Guilty</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>24 June – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Land_of_Hope_and_Gloria\" title=\"Land of Hope and Gloria\">Land of Hope and Gloria</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>27 June – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Sam_Saturday\" title=\"Sam Saturday\">Sam Saturday</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>16 June – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Firm_Friends\" title=\"Firm Friends\">Firm Friends</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>26 July – <i><a href=\"/wiki/TV_Squash\" title=\"TV Squash\">TV Squash</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>30 July – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Me,_You_and_Him\" title=\"Me, You and Him\">Me, You and Him</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>31 August – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Covington_Cross\" title=\"Covington Cross\">Covington Cross</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>5 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/What%27s_Up_Doc%3F_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"What's Up Doc? (British TV series)\">What's Up Doc?</a></i> (1992–1995)</li>\n<li>5 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Batman:_The_Animated_Series\" title=\"Batman: The Animated Series\">Batman: The Animated Series</a></i> (1992–1995)</li>\n<li>11 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Astro_Farm\" title=\"Astro Farm\">Astro Farm</a></i> (1992–1996)</li>\n<li>1 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/G.P.\" title=\"G.P.\">G.P.</a></i> (1989–1996)</li>\n<li>3 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/WYSIWYG_(TV_series)\" title=\"WYSIWYG (TV series)\">WYSIWYG</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>10 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Gladiators_(1992_British_TV_series)\" title=\"Gladiators (1992 British TV series)\">Gladiators</a></i> (<b>1992–2000</b>, 2008–2009)</li>\n<li>29 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Bad_Influence!\" title=\"Bad Influence!\">Bad Influence!</a></i> (1992–1996)</li>\n<li>9 November – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=The_Life_and_Times_of_Henry_Pratt&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"The Life and Times of Henry Pratt (page does not exist)\">The Life and Times of Henry Pratt</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>13 November – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Gone_to_Seed&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Gone to Seed (page does not exist)\">Gone to Seed</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>16 November – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Brill_(TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Brill (TV series) (page does not exist)\">Brill</a></i> (1992–1996)</li>\n<li>20 November – <i><a href=\"/wiki/In_Bed_with_Medinner\" title=\"In Bed with Medinner\">In Bed with Medinner</a></i> (1992–1999)</li>\n<li>22 November – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Secret_Life_of_Arnold_Bax\" title=\"The Secret Life of Arnold Bax\">The Secret Life of Arnold Bax</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>27 November – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Framed_(TV_series)\" title=\"Framed (TV series)\">Framed</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>6 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/A_Touch_of_Frost\" title=\"A Touch of Frost\">A Touch of Frost</a></i> (1992–2010)</li>\n<li>7 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Blackheath_Poisonings_(TV_series)\" title=\"The Blackheath Poisonings (TV series)\">The Blackheath Poisonings</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>Unknown – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Doug_(TV_series)\" title=\"Doug (TV series)\">Doug</a></i> (1991–1994)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Channel_4\">Channel 4</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=19\" title=\"Edit section: Channel 4\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>7 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/GamesMaster\" title=\"GamesMaster\">GamesMaster</a></i> (1992–1998)</li>\n<li>18 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Little_Rosey\" title=\"Little Rosey\">Little Rosey</a></i> (1990)</li>\n<li>13 January – <i>The Falklands War</i> (1992) (documentary series)</li>\n<li>8 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/TV_Heaven\" title=\"TV Heaven\">TV Heaven</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>16 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Northern_Exposure\" title=\"Northern Exposure\">Northern Exposure</a></i> (1990–1995)</li>\n<li>5 March\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Camomile_Lawn_(TV_serial)\" title=\"The Camomile Lawn (TV serial)\">The Camomile Lawn</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Big_One_(TV_series)\" title=\"The Big One (TV series)\">The Big One</a></i> (1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li>15 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Pugwall\" title=\"Pugwall\">Pugwall</a></i> (1989–1991)</li>\n<li>15 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Sean%27s_Show\" title=\"Sean's Show\">Sean's Show</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>17 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Tooth_Fairy,_Where_Are_You%3F\" title=\"Tooth Fairy, Where Are You?\">Tooth Fairy, Where Are You?</a></i> (1991)</li>\n<li>8 May – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=The_Music_Game&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"The Music Game (page does not exist)\">The Music Game</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>10 June – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Blue_Heaven_(1994_TV_series)\" title=\"Blue Heaven (1994 TV series)\">Blue Heaven</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>4 July – <i><a href=\"/wiki/ProStars\" title=\"ProStars\">ProStars</a></i> (1991)</li>\n<li>5 July – <i>Take 5</i> (1992–1996)</li>\n<li>6 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Football_Italia\" title=\"Football Italia\">Football Italia</a></i> (<b>1992–2002</b> Channel 4, 2002–2005 British Eurosport, 2005–2006 Bravo, 2007–2008 Five)</li>\n<li>11 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Terry_and_Julian\" title=\"Terry and Julian\">Terry and Julian</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>28 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Big_Breakfast\" title=\"The Big Breakfast\">The Big Breakfast</a></i> (1992–2002)</li>\n<li>3 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Sandokan\" title=\"Sandokan\">Sandokan</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>19 November – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=The_Big_Battalions&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"The Big Battalions (page does not exist)\">The Big Battalions</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>Unknown – <i>Gummed Labels</i> (1992)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Sky_One\">Sky One</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=20\" title=\"Edit section: Sky One\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>4 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Chances_(TV_series)\" title=\"Chances (TV series)\">Chances</a></i> (1991–1992)</li>\n<li>9 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Studs_(game_show)\" title=\"Studs (game show)\">Studs</a></i> (1991–1993)</li>\n<li>5 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/E_Street_(television_show)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"E Street (television show)\">E Street</a></i> (1989–1993)</li>\n<li>8 May – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Flash_(1990_TV_series)\" title=\"The Flash (1990 TV series)\">The Flash</a></i> (<b>1990–1991</b>, 2014–present)</li>\n<li>3 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Knights_and_Warriors\" title=\"Knights and Warriors\">Knights and Warriors</a></i> (1992–1993)</li>\n<li>6 October\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Teech\" title=\"Teech\">Teech</a></i> (1991)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Anything_but_Love\" title=\"Anything but Love\">Anything but Love</a></i> (1989–1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Gabriel%27s_Fire\" title=\"Gabriel's Fire\">Gabriel's Fire</a></i> (1990–1991)</li></ul></li>\n<li>21 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Melrose_Place\" title=\"Melrose Place\">Melrose Place</a></i> (<b>1992–1999</b>, 2009–2010)</li>\n<li>Unknown\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Red_Green_Show\" title=\"The Red Green Show\">The Red Green Show</a></i> (1991–2006)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Seinfeld\" title=\"Seinfeld\">Seinfeld</a></i> (1989–1998)</li></ul></li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Sky_Sports\">Sky Sports</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=21\" title=\"Edit section: Sky Sports\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>15 August – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Soccer_Saturday\" title=\"Soccer Saturday\">Sports Saturday</a></i> (1992–1998)</li>\n<li>16 August – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Super_Sunday_(Sky_Sports)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Super Sunday (Sky Sports)\">Super Sunday</a></i> (1992–present)</li>\n<li>17 August – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Monday_Night_Football_(Sky_Sports)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Monday Night Football (Sky Sports)\">Monday Night Football</a></i> (<b>1992–2007</b>, 2010–present)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"MTV_Europe\">MTV Europe</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=22\" title=\"Edit section: MTV Europe\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>14 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/MTV%27s_Most_Wanted\" title=\"MTV's Most Wanted\">MTV's Most Wanted</a></i> (1992–1995)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Channels\">Channels</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=23\" title=\"Edit section: Channels\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"New_channels\">New channels</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=24\" title=\"Edit section: New channels\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<table class=\"wikitable\">\n\n<tbody><tr>\n<th width=\"90\">Date\n</th>\n<th width=\"250\">Channel\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 January\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/BBC_Parliament\" title=\"BBC Parliament\">The Parliamentary Channel</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>31 January\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Home_Video_Channel#The_Adult_Channel\" title=\"Home Video Channel\">The Adult Channel</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9 March\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Discovery_Real_Time\" title=\"Discovery Real Time\">The Learning Channel</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>25 April\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/The_Box_(British_TV_channel)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Box (British TV channel)\">The Box</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4 May\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Wire_TV\" title=\"Wire TV\">Wire TV</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1 October\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Sky_Cinema\" title=\"Sky Cinema\">Sky Movies Gold</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>October\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/CMT_Europe\" title=\"CMT Europe\">CMT Europe</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1 November\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Gold_(British_TV_channel)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gold (British TV channel)\">UK Gold</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>December\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Performance_Channel\" title=\"Performance Channel\">Performance Channel</a>\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Defunct_channels\">Defunct channels</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=25\" title=\"Edit section: Defunct channels\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<table class=\"wikitable\">\n\n<tbody><tr>\n<th width=\"90\">Date\n</th>\n<th width=\"250\">Channel\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>30 September\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/The_Comedy_Channel_(British_TV_channel)\" title=\"The Comedy Channel (British TV channel)\">The Comedy Channel</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>31 December\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Sky_Arts\" title=\"Sky Arts\">Sky Arts</a>\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Television_shows\">Television shows</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=26\" title=\"Edit section: Television shows\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Changes_of_network_affiliation\">Changes of network affiliation</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=27\" title=\"Edit section: Changes of network affiliation\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<table class=\"wikitable\">\n\n<tbody><tr>\n<th>Shows\n</th>\n<th>Moved from\n</th>\n<th>Moved to\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Magic_Roundabout\" title=\"The Magic Roundabout\">The Magic Roundabout</a></i>\n</td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\"><a href=\"/wiki/BBC_One\" title=\"BBC One\">BBC1</a>\n</td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\"><a href=\"/wiki/Channel_4\" title=\"Channel 4\">Channel 4</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i><a href=\"/wiki/Paddington_(1975_TV_series)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Paddington (1975 TV series)\">Paddington</a></i>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Wombles_(1973_TV_series)\" title=\"The Wombles (1973 TV series)\">The Wombles</a></i>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Herbs\" title=\"The Herbs\">The Herbs</a></i>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i><a href=\"/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation\" title=\"Star Trek: The Next Generation\">Star Trek: The Next Generation</a></i>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/BBC_Two\" title=\"BBC Two\">BBC2</a>\n</td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><a href=\"/wiki/Sky_One\" title=\"Sky One\">Sky One</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i><a href=\"/wiki/Rescue_911\" title=\"Rescue 911\">Rescue 911</a></i>\n</td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\"><a href=\"/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)\" title=\"ITV (TV network)\">ITV</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i><a href=\"/wiki/University_Challenge\" title=\"University Challenge\">University Challenge</a></i>\n</td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><a href=\"/wiki/BBC_Two\" title=\"BBC Two\">BBC2</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i><a href=\"/wiki/Stingray_(1964_TV_series)\" title=\"Stingray (1964 TV series)\">Stingray</a></i>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Dreamstone\" title=\"The Dreamstone\">The Dreamstone</a></i>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/The_Children%27s_Channel\" title=\"The Children's Channel\">The Children's Channel</a>\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Returning_this_year_after_a_break_of_one_year_or_longer\">Returning this year after a break of one year or longer</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=28\" title=\"Edit section: Returning this year after a break of one year or longer\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Take_Your_Pick\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Take Your Pick\">Take Your Pick</a></i> (1955–1968, <b>1992–1998</b>)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Tomorrow_People\" title=\"The Tomorrow People\">The Tomorrow People</a></i> (1973–1979, <b>1992–1995</b>)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Nightingales_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"Nightingales (British TV series)\">Nightingales</a></i> (1990, 1992–1993)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Continuing_television_shows\">Continuing television shows</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=29\" title=\"Edit section: Continuing television shows\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"1920s\">1920s</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=30\" title=\"Edit section: 1920s\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><i>BBC Wimbledon</i> (1927–1939, 1945–2019, 2021–present)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"1930s\">1930s</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=31\" title=\"Edit section: 1930s\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Trooping_the_Colour\" title=\"Trooping the Colour\">Trooping the Colour</a> (1937–1939, 1945–2019, 2023–present)</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/The_Boat_Race\" title=\"The Boat Race\">The Boat Race</a> (1938–1939, 1945–2019, 2021–present)</li>\n<li><i>BBC Cricket</i> (1939, 1945–1999, 2020–2024)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"1940s\">1940s</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=32\" title=\"Edit section: 1940s\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Come_Dancing\" title=\"Come Dancing\">Come Dancing</a></i> (1949–1998)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"1950s\">1950s</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=33\" title=\"Edit section: 1950s\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Panorama_(British_TV_programme)\" title=\"Panorama (British TV programme)\">Panorama</a></i> (1953–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/What_the_Papers_Say\" title=\"What the Papers Say\">What the Papers Say</a></i> (1956–2008)<sup id=\"cite_ref-76\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-76\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>76<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Sky_at_Night\" title=\"The Sky at Night\">The Sky at Night</a></i> (1957–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Blue_Peter\" title=\"Blue Peter\">Blue Peter</a></i> (1958–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Grandstand_(TV_programme)\" title=\"Grandstand (TV programme)\">Grandstand</a></i> (1958–2007)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"1960s\">1960s</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=34\" title=\"Edit section: 1960s\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Coronation_Street\" title=\"Coronation Street\">Coronation Street</a></i> (1960–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Songs_of_Praise\" title=\"Songs of Praise\">Songs of Praise</a></i> (1961–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/World_in_Action\" title=\"World in Action\">World in Action</a></i> (1963–1998)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Top_of_the_Pops\" title=\"Top of the Pops\">Top of the Pops</a></i> (1964–2006)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Match_of_the_Day\" title=\"Match of the Day\">Match of the Day</a></i> (1964–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Mr_and_Mrs_(TV_series)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Mr and Mrs (TV series)\">Mr. and Mrs.</a></i> (1965–1999)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Jackanory\" title=\"Jackanory\">Jackanory</a></i> (1965–1996, 2006)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Sportsnight\" title=\"Sportsnight\">Sportsnight</a></i> (1965–1997)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Call_My_Bluff\" title=\"Call My Bluff\">Call My Bluff</a></i> (1965–2005)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Money_Programme\" title=\"The Money Programme\">The Money Programme</a></i> (1966–2010)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"1970s\">1970s</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=35\" title=\"Edit section: 1970s\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Emmerdale\" title=\"Emmerdale\">Emmerdale</a></i> (1972–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Newsround\" title=\"Newsround\">Newsround</a></i> (1972–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Pebble_Mill_at_One\" title=\"Pebble Mill at One\">Pebble Mill</a></i> (1972–1986, 1991–1996)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Last_of_the_Summer_Wine\" title=\"Last of the Summer Wine\">Last of the Summer Wine</a></i> (1973–2010)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/That%27s_Life!\" title=\"That's Life!\">That's Life!</a></i> (1973–1994)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Wish_You_Were_Here...%3F\" title=\"Wish You Were Here...?\">Wish You Were Here...?</a></i> (1974–2003)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Arena_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"Arena (British TV series)\">Arena</a></i> (1975–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Jim%27ll_Fix_It\" title=\"Jim'll Fix It\">Jim'll Fix It</a></i> (1975–1994)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/One_Man_and_His_Dog\" title=\"One Man and His Dog\">One Man and His Dog</a></i> (1976–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Grange_Hill\" title=\"Grange Hill\">Grange Hill</a></i> (1978–2008)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Ski_Sunday\" title=\"Ski Sunday\">Ski Sunday</a></i> (1978–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Paul_Daniels_Magic_Show\" title=\"The Paul Daniels Magic Show\">The Paul Daniels Magic Show</a></i> (1979–1994)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Antiques_Roadshow\" title=\"Antiques Roadshow\">Antiques Roadshow</a></i> (1979–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Question_Time_(TV_programme)\" title=\"Question Time (TV programme)\">Question Time</a></i> (1979–present)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"1980s\">1980s</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=36\" title=\"Edit section: 1980s\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Family_Fortunes\" title=\"Family Fortunes\">Family Fortunes</a></i> (1980–2002, 2006–2015, 2020–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Children_in_Need\" title=\"Children in Need\">Children in Need</a></i> (1980–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Danger_Mouse_(1981_TV_series)\" title=\"Danger Mouse (1981 TV series)\">Danger Mouse</a></i> (1981–1992, 2015–2019)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Timewatch\" title=\"Timewatch\">Timewatch</a></i> (1982–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Brookside_(TV_series)\" title=\"Brookside (TV series)\">Brookside</a></i> (1982–2003)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Countdown_(game_show)\" title=\"Countdown (game show)\">Countdown</a></i> (1982–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Right_to_Reply\" title=\"Right to Reply\">Right to Reply</a></i> (1982–2001)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/First_Tuesday_(TV_programme)\" title=\"First Tuesday (TV programme)\">First Tuesday</a></i> (1983–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Highway_(TV_series)\" title=\"Highway (TV series)\">Highway</a></i> (1983–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Blockbusters_(British_game_show)\" title=\"Blockbusters (British game show)\">Blockbusters</a></i> (1983–93, 1994–95, 1997, 2000–01, 2012, 2019)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Spitting_Image\" title=\"Spitting Image\">Spitting Image</a></i> (1984–1996)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Surprise_Surprise_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"Surprise Surprise (British TV series)\">Surprise Surprise</a></i> (1984–2001, 2012–2015)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Bill\" title=\"The Bill\">The Bill</a></i> (1984–2010)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Channel_4_Racing\" title=\"Channel 4 Racing\">Channel 4 Racing</a></i> (1984–2016)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Thomas_%26_Friends\" title=\"Thomas & Friends\">Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends</a></i> (1984–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Busman%27s_Holiday\" title=\"Busman's Holiday\">Busman's Holiday</a></i> (1985–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/EastEnders\" title=\"EastEnders\">EastEnders</a></i> (1985–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Cook_Report\" title=\"The Cook Report\">The Cook Report</a></i> (1987–1999)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Crosswits\" title=\"Crosswits\">Crosswits</a></i> (1985–1998)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Screen_Two\" title=\"Screen Two\">Screen Two</a></i> (1985–1998)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Telly_Addicts\" title=\"Telly Addicts\">Telly Addicts</a></i> (1985–1998)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Blind_Date_(British_game_show)\" title=\"Blind Date (British game show)\">Blind Date</a></i> (1985–2003, 2017–2019)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Comic_Relief\" title=\"Comic Relief\">Comic Relief</a></i> (1985–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/ScreenPlay\" title=\"ScreenPlay\">ScreenPlay</a></i> (1986–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Beadle%27s_About\" title=\"Beadle's About\">Beadle's About</a></i> (1986–1996)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Chart_Show\" title=\"The Chart Show\">The Chart Show</a></i> (1986–1998, 2008–2009)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Equinox_(TV_programme)\" title=\"Equinox (TV programme)\">Equinox</a></i> (1986–2006)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Really_Wild_Show\" title=\"The Really Wild Show\">The Really Wild Show</a></i> (1986–2006)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Casualty_(TV_series)\" title=\"Casualty (TV series)\">Casualty</a></i> (1986–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Every_Second_Counts_(British_game_show)\" title=\"Every Second Counts (British game show)\">Every Second Counts</a></i> (1986–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Lovejoy\" title=\"Lovejoy\">Lovejoy</a></i> (1986–1994)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Raggy_Dolls\" title=\"The Raggy Dolls\">The Raggy Dolls</a></i> (1986–1994)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Allsorts_(TV_series)\" title=\"Allsorts (TV series)\">Allsorts</a></i> (1987–1995)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Going_Live!\" title=\"Going Live!\">Going Live!</a></i> (1987–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Watching_(TV_series)\" title=\"Watching (TV series)\">Watching</a></i> (1987–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Going_for_Gold\" title=\"Going for Gold\">Going for Gold</a></i> (1987–1996, 2008–2009)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Time,_The_Place\" title=\"The Time, The Place\">The Time, The Place</a></i> (1987–1998)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Chain_Letters\" title=\"Chain Letters\">Chain Letters</a></i> (1987–1997)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/ChuckleVision\" title=\"ChuckleVision\">ChuckleVision</a></i> (1987–2009)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Count_Duckula\" title=\"Count Duckula\">Count Duckula</a></i> (1988–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/You_Rang,_M%27Lord%3F\" title=\"You Rang, M'Lord?\">You Rang, M'Lord?</a></i> (1988–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/You_Bet!\" title=\"You Bet!\">You Bet!</a></i> (1988–1997)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Playdays\" title=\"Playdays\">Playdays</a></i> (1988–1997)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(British_game_show)\" title=\"Wheel of Fortune (British game show)\">Wheel of Fortune</a></i> (1988–2001)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/London%27s_Burning_(TV_series)\" title=\"London's Burning (TV series)\">London's Burning</a></i> (1988–2002)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/On_the_Record_(British_TV_programme)\" title=\"On the Record (British TV programme)\">On the Record</a></i> (1988–2002)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Fifteen_to_One\" title=\"Fifteen to One\">Fifteen to One</a></i> (1988–2003, 2013–2019)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/This_Morning_(TV_programme)\" title=\"This Morning (TV programme)\">This Morning</a></i> (1988–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Fun_House_(British_game_show)\" title=\"Fun House (British game show)\">Fun House</a></i> (1989–1999)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Absolutely_(TV_series)\" title=\"Absolutely (TV series)\">Absolutely</a></i> (1989–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/KYTV_(TV_series)\" title=\"KYTV (TV series)\">KYTV</a></i> (1989–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Press_Gang\" title=\"Press Gang\">Press Gang</a></i> (1989–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Birds_of_a_Feather_(TV_series)\" title=\"Birds of a Feather (TV series)\">Birds of a Feather</a></i> (1989–1998, 2014–2020)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/A_Bit_of_Fry_%26_Laurie\" title=\"A Bit of Fry & Laurie\">A Bit of Fry & Laurie</a></i> (1989–1995)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Byker_Grove\" title=\"Byker Grove\">Byker Grove</a></i> (1989–2006)<sup id=\"cite_ref-77\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-77\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>77<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Desmond%27s\" title=\"Desmond's\">Desmond's</a></i> (1989–1994)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Bodger_%26_Badger\" title=\"Bodger & Badger\">Bodger & Badger</a></i> (1989–1999)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Children%27s_Ward\" title=\"Children's Ward\">Children's Ward</a></i> (1989–2000)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Mike_and_Angelo\" title=\"Mike and Angelo\">Mike and Angelo</a></i> (1989–2000)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"1990s\">1990s</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=37\" title=\"Edit section: 1990s\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_$64,000_Question_(British_game_show)\" title=\"The $64,000 Question (British game show)\">The $64,000 Question</a></i> (1990–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Families_(TV_series)\" title=\"Families (TV series)\">Families</a></i> (1990–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Jeeves_and_Wooster\" title=\"Jeeves and Wooster\">Jeeves and Wooster</a></i> (1990–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Waiting_for_God_(TV_series)\" title=\"Waiting for God (TV series)\">Waiting for God</a></i> (1990–1994)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Mr._Bean\" title=\"Mr. Bean\">Mr. Bean</a></i> (1990–1995)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Crystal_Maze\" title=\"The Crystal Maze\">The Crystal Maze</a></i> (1990–1995, 2016–2020)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Keeping_Up_Appearances\" title=\"Keeping Up Appearances\">Keeping Up Appearances</a></i> (1990–1995)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Turnabout_(game_show)\" title=\"Turnabout (game show)\">Turnabout</a></i> (1990–1996)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Upper_Hand_(TV_series)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Upper Hand (TV series)\">The Upper Hand</a></i> (1990–1996)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Drop_the_Dead_Donkey\" title=\"Drop the Dead Donkey\">Drop the Dead Donkey</a></i> (1990–1998)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/One_Foot_in_the_Grave\" title=\"One Foot in the Grave\">One Foot in the Grave</a></i> (1990–2000)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/MasterChef_(British_TV_series)\" title=\"MasterChef (British TV series)\">MasterChef</a></i> (1990–2001, 2005–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/How_2\" title=\"How 2\">How 2</a></i> (1990–2006)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Stars_in_Their_Eyes\" title=\"Stars in Their Eyes\">Stars in Their Eyes</a></i> (1990–2006, 2015)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Dreamstone\" title=\"The Dreamstone\">The Dreamstone</a></i> (1990–1995)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Rosie_and_Jim\" title=\"Rosie and Jim\">Rosie and Jim</a></i> (1990–2000)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Big_Break\" title=\"Big Break\">Big Break</a></i> (1991–2002)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Darling_Buds_of_May_(TV_series)\" title=\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\">The Darling Buds of May</a></i> (1991–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Spender\" title=\"Spender\">Spender</a></i> (1991–1993)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_House_of_Eliott\" title=\"The House of Eliott\">The House of Eliott</a></i> (1991–1994)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Brittas_Empire\" title=\"The Brittas Empire\">The Brittas Empire</a></i> (1991–1997)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Bottom_(TV_series)\" title=\"Bottom (TV series)\">Bottom</a></i> (1991–1995)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Soldier_Soldier\" title=\"Soldier Soldier\">Soldier Soldier</a></i> (1991–1997)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Noel%27s_House_Party\" title=\"Noel's House Party\">Noel's House Party</a></i> (1991–1999)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/2point4_Children\" title=\"2point4 Children\">2point4 Children</a></i> (1991–1999)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Darkwing_Duck\" title=\"Darkwing Duck\">Darkwing Duck</a></i> (1991–1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Little_Dracula\" title=\"Little Dracula\">Little Dracula</a></i> (1991–1999)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Where%27s_Wally%3F:_The_Animated_Series\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Where's Wally?: The Animated Series\">Where's Wally?: The Animated Series</a></i> (1991)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Ending_this_year\">Ending this year</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=38\" title=\"Edit section: Ending this year\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>2 January – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Canned_Carrott\" title=\"Canned Carrott\">Canned Carrott</a></i> (1990–1992)</li>\n<li>10 February – <i><a href=\"/wiki/No_Job_for_a_Lady\" title=\"No Job for a Lady\">No Job for a Lady</a></i> (1990–1992)</li>\n<li>19 February\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Van_der_Valk\" title=\"Van der Valk\">Van der Valk</a></i> (1972–1973, 1977, <b>1991–1992</b>)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Secret_Cabaret\" title=\"The Secret Cabaret\">The Secret Cabaret</a></i> (1990–1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li>2 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/El_C.I.D.\" title=\"El C.I.D.\">El C.I.D.</a></i> (1990–1992)</li>\n<li>20 December– <i><a href=\"/wiki/Rainbow_(TV_series)\" title=\"Rainbow (TV series)\">Rainbow</a></i> (<b>1972–1991</b>, 1994–1997)</li>\n<li>19 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Danger_Mouse_(1981_TV_series)\" title=\"Danger Mouse (1981 TV series)\">Danger Mouse</a></i> (<b>1981–1992</b>, 2015–2019)</li>\n<li>31 March – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Joshua_Jones_(TV_series)\" title=\"Joshua Jones (TV series)\">Joshua Jones</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>1 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Fiddley_Foodle_Bird\" title=\"Fiddley Foodle Bird\">Fiddley Foodle Bird</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>3 April\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/In_Sickness_and_in_Health\" title=\"In Sickness and in Health\">In Sickness and in Health</a></i> (1985–1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Truckers_(1992_TV_series)\" title=\"Truckers (1992 TV series)\">Truckers</a></i> (1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li>4 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Motormouth\" title=\"Motormouth\">Motormouth</a></i> (1988–1992)</li>\n<li>6 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Mary_Whitehouse_Experience\" title=\"The Mary Whitehouse Experience\">The Mary Whitehouse Experience</a></i> (1990–1992)</li>\n<li>10 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Spatz\" title=\"Spatz\">Spatz</a></i> (1990–1992)</li>\n<li>14 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/DuckTales_(1987_TV_series)\" title=\"DuckTales (1987 TV series)\">DuckTales</a></i> (1987–1990)</li>\n<li>26 April – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Big_Match\" title=\"The Big Match\">The Big Match</a></i> (1968–1992)</li>\n<li>10 May – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Piglet_Files\" title=\"The Piglet Files\">The Piglet Files</a></i> (1990–1992)</li>\n<li>11 May – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Wail_of_the_Banshee\" title=\"Wail of the Banshee\">Wail of the Banshee</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>3 July – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Wogan\" title=\"Wogan\">Wogan</a></i> (1982–1992)</li>\n<li>29 July – <i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Hope_It_Rains&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Hope It Rains (page does not exist)\">Hope It Rains</a></i> (1991–1992)</li>\n<li>24 August – <i><a href=\"/wiki/After_Henry_(TV_series)\" title=\"After Henry (TV series)\">After Henry</a></i> (1988–1992)</li>\n<li>1 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Shelley_(TV_series)\" title=\"Shelley (TV series)\">Shelley</a></i> (1979–1984, <b>1988–1992</b>)</li>\n<li>6 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/A_Very_Peculiar_Practice\" title=\"A Very Peculiar Practice\">A Very Peculiar Practice</a></i> (1986–1992)</li>\n<li>25 September\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Channel_Four_Daily\" title=\"The Channel Four Daily\">The Channel Four Daily</a></i> (1989–1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Business_Daily_(TV_programme)\" title=\"Business Daily (TV programme)\">Business Daily</a></i> (1987–1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li>28 September – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Playbox_(1980s_TV_series)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Playbox (1980s TV series)\">Playbox</a></i> (1987–1992)</li>\n<li>16 October – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Terry_and_Julian\" title=\"Terry and Julian\">Terry and Julian</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>17 November – <i><a href=\"/wiki/T-Bag\" title=\"T-Bag\">T-Bag</a></i> (1985–1992)</li>\n<li>30 November – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Sooty_Show\" title=\"The Sooty Show\">The Sooty Show</a></i> (1955–1992)</li>\n<li>1 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Boon_(TV_series)\" title=\"Boon (TV series)\">Boon</a></i> (<b>1986–1992</b>, 1995)</li>\n<li>3 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Rumpole_of_the_Bailey\" title=\"Rumpole of the Bailey\">Rumpole of the Bailey</a></i> (1975–1992)</li>\n<li>5 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Hit_Man_and_Her\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Hit Man and Her\">The Hit Man and Her</a></i> (1988–1992)</li>\n<li>11 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Christopher_Crocodile\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Christopher Crocodile\">Christopher Crocodile</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li>16 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/Family_Pride_(TV_series)\" title=\"Family Pride (TV series)\">Family Pride</a></i> (1991–1992)</li>\n<li>17 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/This_Week_(ITV_TV_series)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"This Week (ITV TV series)\">This Week</a></i> (1956–1978, <b>1986–1992</b>)</li>\n<li>18 December\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/After_Nine\" title=\"After Nine\">After Nine</a></i> (1985–1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Puppydog_Tales\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Puppydog Tales\">Puppydog Tales</a></i> (1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Police_5\" title=\"Police 5\">Police 5</a></i> (<b>1962–1992</b>, 2014)</li></ul></li>\n<li>23 December\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Dooby_Duck%27s_Disco_Bus\" title=\"Dooby Duck's Disco Bus\">Dooby Duck's Disco Bus</a></i> (1989–1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Watt_on_Earth\" title=\"Watt on Earth\">Watt on Earth</a></i> (1991–1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li>30 December – <i><a href=\"/wiki/%27Allo_%27Allo!\" title=\"'Allo 'Allo!\">'Allo 'Allo!</a></i> (1982–1992)</li>\n<li>31 December\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Good_Morning_Britain_(1983_TV_programme)\" title=\"Good Morning Britain (1983 TV programme)\">Good Morning Britain</a></i> (<b>1983–1992</b>, 2014–present)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Wide_Awake_Club_(TV-am)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Wide Awake Club (TV-am)\">Wide Awake Club</a></i> (1984–1992)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Park_Avenue_(teletext_soap)\" title=\"Park Avenue (teletext soap)\">Park Avenue</a></i> (1988–1992)</li></ul></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Up_Pompeii!\" title=\"Up Pompeii!\">Up Pompeii!</a></i> (1969–1975, <b>1991–1992</b>)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/James_the_Cat\" title=\"James the Cat\">James the Cat</a></i> (<b>1984–1992</b>, 1998–2003)</li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Pigsty_(TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Pigsty (TV series) (page does not exist)\">Pigsty</a></i> (1990–1992)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Births\">Births</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=39\" title=\"Edit section: Births\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li>14 February – <a href=\"/wiki/Freddie_Highmore\" title=\"Freddie Highmore\">Freddie Highmore</a>, actor</li>\n<li>17 March – <a href=\"/wiki/Eliza_Bennett\" title=\"Eliza Bennett\">Eliza Bennett</a>, actress and singer</li>\n<li>14 May – <a href=\"/wiki/Laya_Lewis\" title=\"Laya Lewis\">Laya Lewis</a>, actress</li>\n<li>4 June – <a href=\"/wiki/Brooke_Vincent\" title=\"Brooke Vincent\">Brooke Vincent</a>, actress</li>\n<li>31 August – <a href=\"/wiki/Holly_Earl\" title=\"Holly Earl\">Holly Earl</a>, actress</li>\n<li>2 November – <a href=\"/wiki/Naomi_Ackie\" title=\"Naomi Ackie\">Naomi Ackie</a>, actress</li>\n<li>3 December – <a href=\"/wiki/Joseph_McManners\" title=\"Joseph McManners\">Joseph McManners</a>, actor</li>\n<li>17 December – <a href=\"/wiki/Thomas_Law\" title=\"Thomas Law\">Thomas Law</a>, actor</li>\n<li>22 December – <a href=\"/wiki/Chris_Hughes_(TV_personality)\" title=\"Chris Hughes (TV personality)\">Chris Hughes</a>, television personality</li>\n<li>24 December – <a href=\"/wiki/Melissa_Suffield\" title=\"Melissa Suffield\">Melissa Suffield</a>, actress</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Deaths\">Deaths</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=40\" title=\"Edit section: Deaths\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<table class=\"wikitable\">\n\n<tbody><tr>\n<th>Date</th>\n<th>Name</th>\n<th>Age</th>\n<th>Cinematic Credibility\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11 January\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/W._G._Hoskins\" title=\"W. G. Hoskins\">W. G. Hoskins</a>\n</td>\n<td>83\n</td>\n<td>historian and television presenter (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Landscapes_of_England\" title=\"Landscapes of England\">Landscapes of England</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>25 February\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Guy_Deghy\" title=\"Guy Deghy\">Guy Deghy</a>\n</td>\n<td>79\n</td>\n<td>actor (<i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Saint_(TV_series)\" title=\"The Saint (TV series)\">The Saint</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18 April\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/H._V._Kershaw\" title=\"H. V. Kershaw\">H. V. Kershaw</a>\n</td>\n<td>74\n</td>\n<td>scriptwriter (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Coronation_Street\" title=\"Coronation Street\">Coronation Street</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>19 April\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Frankie_Howerd\" title=\"Frankie Howerd\">Frankie Howerd</a>\n</td>\n<td>75\n</td>\n<td>comedian and actor (<i><a href=\"/wiki/That_Was_The_Week_That_Was\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"That Was The Week That Was\">That Was The Week That Was</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Up_Pompeii!\" title=\"Up Pompeii!\">Up Pompeii!</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Blunders\" title=\"The Blunders\">The Blunders</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>20 April\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Benny_Hill\" title=\"Benny Hill\">Benny Hill</a>\n</td>\n<td>68\n</td>\n<td>comedian (<i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Benny_Hill_Show\" title=\"The Benny Hill Show\">The Benny Hill Show</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>21 April\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Nigel_Williams_(conservator)\" title=\"Nigel Williams (conservator)\">Nigel Williams</a>\n</td>\n<td>47\n</td>\n<td>conservator and television presenter\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>19 May\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/James_Bate_(actor)\" title=\"James Bate (actor)\">James Bate</a>\n</td>\n<td>47\n</td>\n<td>actor (<i>Sleuth</i>, <i>The Spoils of War</i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>24 May\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Joan_Sanderson\" title=\"Joan Sanderson\">Joan Sanderson</a>\n</td>\n<td>79\n</td>\n<td>actress (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Please_Sir!\" title=\"Please Sir!\">Please Sir!</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Fawlty_Towers\" title=\"Fawlty Towers\">Fawlty Towers</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Me_and_My_Girl_(TV_series)\" title=\"Me and My Girl (TV series)\">Me and My Girl</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3 June\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Robert_Morley\" title=\"Robert Morley\">Robert Morley</a>\n</td>\n<td>84\n</td>\n<td>actor (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Those_Magnificent_Men_in_their_Flying_Machines\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines\">Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Who_Is_Killing_the_Great_Chefs_of_Europe%3F\" title=\"Who Is Killing the Great Chefs of Europe?\">Who Is Killing the Great Chefs of Europe?</a></i>, <a href=\"/wiki/British_Airways\" title=\"British Airways\">British Airways</a> advertisements).\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5 June\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Laurence_Naismith\" title=\"Laurence Naismith\">Laurence Naismith</a>\n</td>\n<td>83\n</td>\n<td>actor (<i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Persuaders!\" title=\"The Persuaders!\">The Persuaders!</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5 July\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Georgia_Brown_(English_singer)\" title=\"Georgia Brown (English singer)\">Georgia Brown</a>\n</td>\n<td>58\n</td>\n<td>actress (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Shoulder_to_Shoulder\" title=\"Shoulder to Shoulder\">Shoulder to Shoulder</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>23 July\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Maxine_Audley\" title=\"Maxine Audley\">Maxine Audley</a>\n</td>\n<td>69\n</td>\n<td>actress (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Danger_Man\" title=\"Danger Man\">Danger Man</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Edgar_Wallace_Mysteries\" title=\"Edgar Wallace Mysteries\">Edgar Wallace Mysteries</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Black_Beauty\" title=\"The Adventures of Black Beauty\">The Adventures of Black Beauty</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>29 August\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Teddy_Turner_(actor)\" title=\"Teddy Turner (actor)\">Teddy Turner</a>\n</td>\n<td>75\n</td>\n<td>actor (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Never_the_Twain\" title=\"Never the Twain\">Never the Twain</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Emmerdale\" title=\"Emmerdale\">Emmerdale</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2 September\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Johnnie_Mortimer\" title=\"Johnnie Mortimer\">Johnnie Mortimer</a>\n</td>\n<td>61\n</td>\n<td>scriptwriter (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Man_About_the_House\" title=\"Man About the House\">Man About the House</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/George_%26_Mildred\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"George & Mildred\">George & Mildred</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Robin%27s_Nest_(TV_series)\" title=\"Robin's Nest (TV series)\">Robin's Nest</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Never_the_Twain\" title=\"Never the Twain\">Never the Twain</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5 September\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Christopher_Trace\" title=\"Christopher Trace\">Christopher Trace</a>\n</td>\n<td>59\n</td>\n<td>television presenter (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Blue_Peter\" title=\"Blue Peter\">Blue Peter</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6 September\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Mervyn_Johns\" title=\"Mervyn Johns\">Mervyn Johns</a>\n</td>\n<td>93\n</td>\n<td>actor (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Dixon_of_Dock_Green\" title=\"Dixon of Dock Green\">Dixon of Dock Green</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Crown_Court_(TV_series)\" title=\"Crown Court (TV series)\">Crown Court</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Shoestring_(TV_series)\" title=\"Shoestring (TV series)\">Shoestring</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6 October\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Denholm_Elliott\" title=\"Denholm Elliott\">Denholm Elliott</a>\n</td>\n<td>70\n</td>\n<td>actor (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Follow_the_Yellow_Brick_Road\" title=\"Follow the Yellow Brick Road\">Follow the Yellow Brick Road</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Brimstone_and_Treacle\" title=\"Brimstone and Treacle\">Brimstone and Treacle</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Blade_on_the_Feather\" title=\"Blade on the Feather\">Blade on the Feather</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5 December\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Hilary_Tindall\" title=\"Hilary Tindall\">Hilary Tindall</a>\n</td>\n<td>54\n</td>\n<td>actress (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Randall_and_Hopkirk_(Deceased)\" title=\"Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)\">Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Emergency_-_Ward_10\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Emergency - Ward 10\">Emergency - Ward 10</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Brothers_(1972_TV_series)\" title=\"The Brothers (1972 TV series)\">The Brothers</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Fall_and_Rise_of_Reginald_Perrin\" title=\"The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin\">The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Z-Cars\" title=\"Z-Cars\">Z-Cars</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6 December\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Percy_Herbert_(actor)\" title=\"Percy Herbert (actor)\">Percy Herbert</a>\n</td>\n<td>62\n</td>\n<td>actor (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Danger_Man\" title=\"Danger Man\">Danger Man</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Saint_(TV_series)\" title=\"The Saint (TV series)\">The Saint</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Z-Cars\" title=\"Z-Cars\">Z-Cars</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Dixon_of_Dock_Green\" title=\"Dixon of Dock Green\">Dixon of Dock Green</a></i>, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Worzel_Gummidge\" title=\"Worzel Gummidge\">Worzel Gummidge</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11 December\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Michael_Robbins\" title=\"Michael Robbins\">Michael Robbins</a>\n</td>\n<td>62\n</td>\n<td>actor (<i><a href=\"/wiki/On_the_Buses\" title=\"On the Buses\">On the Buses</a></i>)\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22 December\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Ted_Willis,_Baron_Willis\" title=\"Ted Willis, Baron Willis\">Ted Willis</a>\n</td>\n<td>78\n</td>\n<td>scriptwriter (<i><a href=\"/wiki/Dixon_of_Dock_Green\" title=\"Dixon of Dock Green\">Dixon of Dock Green</a></i>)\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"See_also\">See also</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=41\" title=\"Edit section: See also\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_British_music\" title=\"1992 in British music\">1992 in British music</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_British_radio\" title=\"1992 in British radio\">1992 in British radio</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_the_United_Kingdom\" title=\"1992 in the United Kingdom\">1992 in the United Kingdom</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_British_films_of_1992\" title=\"List of British films of 1992\">List of British films of 1992</a></li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=42\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist reflist-columns references-column-width\" style=\"column-width: 30em;\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/1992-01-01\">\"BBC One London – 1 January 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+1+January+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fschedules%2Fbbcone%2Flondon%2F1992-01-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbctwo/england/1992-01-01\">\"BBC Two England – 1 January 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+1+January+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fschedules%2Fbbctwo%2Fengland%2F1992-01-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/c96d6ea90c35487fbdf69c5b57bd74c2\">\"The Accused – BBC One London – 2 January 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Accused+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+2+January+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fc96d6ea90c35487fbdf69c5b57bd74c2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/4cf65e063c5c47668fe974c1454d306a\">\"Freddie Mercury: a Tribute – BBC Two England – 4 January 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. <i>genome.ch.bbc.co.uk</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">14 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=Freddie+Mercury%3A+a+Tribute+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+4+January+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F4cf65e063c5c47668fe974c1454d306a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090525042738/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/466744\">\"First Tuesday: In Cold Blood – The Massacre of East Timor\"</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/466744\">the original</a> on 25 May 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=First+Tuesday%3A+In+Cold+Blood+%E2%80%93+The+Massacre+of+East+Timor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fftvdb.bfi.org.uk%2Fsift%2Ftitle%2F466744&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/f67187fa5a0e4a918444d7d3a2005bbe\">\"Joshua Jones – BBC One London – 7 January 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Joshua+Jones+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+7+January+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Ff67187fa5a0e4a918444d7d3a2005bbe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199798/cmselect/cmbroad/984/8071504.htm\">\"Broadcasting Select Committee Minutes Of Evidence, 1997\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Broadcasting+Select+Committee+Minutes+Of+Evidence%2C+1997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm199798%2Fcmselect%2Fcmbroad%2F984%2F8071504.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1992/jan/27/parliamentary-channel\">\"House of Commond Debate, 27 January 1992\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Hansard\" title=\"Hansard\">Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)</a></i>. 27 January 1992<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parliamentary+Debates+%28Hansard%29&rft.atitle=House+of+Commond+Debate%2C+27+January+1992&rft.date=1992-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.parliament.uk%2Fhistoric-hansard%2Fcommons%2F1992%2Fjan%2F27%2Fparliamentary-channel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-doctorvee_blog-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-doctorvee_blog_9-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFStephen\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Stephen, Duncan. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://doctorvee.co.uk/2011/06/10/bbc-select/\">\"BBC Select\"</a>. doctorvee.co.uk Blog<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+Select&rft.pub=doctorvee.co.uk+Blog&rft.aulast=Stephen&rft.aufirst=Duncan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdoctorvee.co.uk%2F2011%2F06%2F10%2Fbbc-select%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span> Includes link to YouTube clips of BBC Select programmes.</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.curiousbritishtelly.co.uk/2024/02/bbc-select-failed-subscription-service.html#more\">BBC Select: A Failed Subscription Service</a></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/5100c0d3a93d433a9f48ef0617b6e5b8\">\"Elizabeth R – BBC One – 6 February 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">30 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+R+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+%E2%80%93+6+February+1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F5100c0d3a93d433a9f48ef0617b6e5b8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-12\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFKirby2011\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Kirby, Danielle (December 2011). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/229420946.pdf\">\"Transgressive Representations: Satanic Ritual Abuse, Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth, and First Transmission\"</a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)</span>. <i>Literature & Aesthetics 21</i>: <span class=\"nowrap\">134–</span>149.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Literature+%26+Aesthetics+21&rft.atitle=Transgressive+Representations%3A+Satanic+Ritual+Abuse%2C+Thee+Temple+ov+Psychick+Youth%2C+and+First+Transmission&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E134-%3C%2Fspan%3E149&rft.date=2011-12&rft.aulast=Kirby&rft.aufirst=Danielle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F229420946.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/2c37f37ba707485e99f121aa4f1f8621\">\"Casualty – BBC One London – 27 February 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=Casualty+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+27+February+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F2c37f37ba707485e99f121aa4f1f8621&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-orange_juice-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-orange_juice_14-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-orange_juice_14-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFWhitney1992\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Whitney, Craig R. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">21 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sat+Kids&rft.pub=Paulmorris.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paulmorris.co.uk%2Fsatkids%2Findex2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-16\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/id/446013/\">\"Saturday Morning TV\"</a>. screenonline. 26 August 1996<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. 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YouTube. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211220/udodXb_kEDE\">Archived</a> from the original on 20 December 2021<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">30 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What%27s+Up+Doc%3F%3A+TVS%3A+TXN+1992&rft.pub=YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DudodXb_kEDE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Heartbeat-18\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Heartbeat_18-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Heartbeat_18-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/4365441/ITV-axes-popular-police-drama-Heartbeat.html?fb\">\"ITV axes popular police drama Heartbeat\"</a>. <i>www.telegraph.co.uk</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">14 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.telegraph.co.uk&rft.atitle=ITV+axes+popular+police+drama+Heartbeat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Ftvandradio%2F4365441%2FITV-axes-popular-police-drama-Heartbeat.html%3Ffb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Thisisfive-19\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Thisisfive_19-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Thisisfive_19-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Thisisfive_19-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thisisfive.co.uk/hist_01.shtml\">\"thisisfive.co.uk – the story of five\"</a>. <i>www.thisisfive.co.uk</i>. 2005. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20081120124715/http://www.thisisfive.co.uk/hist_01.shtml\">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2008<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">7 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thisisfive.co.uk&rft.atitle=thisisfive.co.uk+%E2%80%93+the+story+of+five&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thisisfive.co.uk%2Fhist_01.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-20\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-20\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/3de1ffa36fb646aaa8155c0d9c0ee33c\">\"The Freddie Mercury Tribute – BBC Two England – 20 April 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">26 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=The+Freddie+Mercury+Tribute+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+20+April+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F3de1ffa36fb646aaa8155c0d9c0ee33c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-21\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-21\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/6af87519ef624c5592691fa626949ed7\">\"The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert – BBC Radio 1 England – 20 April 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=The+Freddie+Mercury+Tribute+Concert+%E2%80%93+BBC+Radio+1+England+%E2%80%93+20+April+1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F6af87519ef624c5592691fa626949ed7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-22\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-22\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uaKCCnFudZU\">\"TV Hell: Wire TV opening 4 May 1992\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 February</span> 2024</span> – via www.youtube.com.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TV+Hell%3A+Wire+TV+opening+4+May+1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DuaKCCnFudZU&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-23\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-23\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/0dbd92f5bb3a4c20827377babfc8eca2\">\"Everyman – BBC One London – 24 May 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=Everyman+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+24+May+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F0dbd92f5bb3a4c20827377babfc8eca2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-24\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-24\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/e4a1ab0d2f714e7aa4503800ebb77fae\">\"Psycho III – BBC One London – 25 May 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Psycho+III+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+25+May+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fe4a1ab0d2f714e7aa4503800ebb77fae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-auto1-25\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-auto1_25-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-auto1_25-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ramsay-street.co.uk/episodes/episodes.asp?start_ep=1426\">\"Neighbours Episode Guide: 1426–1450\"</a>. Ramsay-street.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Neighbours+Episode+Guide%3A+1426%E2%80%931450&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ramsay-street.co.uk%2Fepisodes%2Fepisodes.asp%3Fstart_ep%3D1426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-auto-26\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-auto_26-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-auto_26-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ramsay-street.co.uk/episodes/episodes.asp?start_ep=1451\">\"Neighbours Episode Guide: 1451–1475\"</a>. Ramsay-street.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Neighbours+Episode+Guide%3A+1451%E2%80%931475&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ramsay-street.co.uk%2Fepisodes%2Fepisodes.asp%3Fstart_ep%3D1451&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-27\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-27\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/09/30/1096401704439.html\">\"A neighbourly obsession\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Age\" title=\"The Age\">The Age</a></i>. <a href=\"/wiki/Fairfax_Media\" title=\"Fairfax Media\">Fairfax Media</a>. 30 September 2004<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=A+neighbourly+obsession&rft.date=2004-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theage.com.au%2Farticles%2F2004%2F09%2F30%2F1096401704439.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-28\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-28\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/oct/07/citynews.ITV\">\"Timeline: ITV 1955-today\"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. Guardian Media Group. 7 October 2003<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">25 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Timeline%3A+ITV+1955-today&rft.date=2003-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2003%2Foct%2F07%2Fcitynews.ITV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-29\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-29\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFO'Carroll1992\" class=\"citation news cs1\">O'Carroll, Lisa (5 July 1992). <span class=\"id-lock-subscription\" title=\"Paid subscription required\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/two-backers-quit-channel-5-consortium-1531406.html\">\"Two backers quit Channel 5 consortium\"</a></span>. The Independent. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/two-backers-quit-channel-5-consortium-1531406.html\">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">7 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Two+backers+quit+Channel+5+consortium&rft.date=1992-07-05&rft.aulast=O%27Carroll&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Ftwo-backers-quit-channel-5-consortium-1531406.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-30\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-30\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/1992-07-03\">\"BBC One London – 3 July 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. <i>genome.ch.bbc.co.uk</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+3+July+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fschedules%2Fbbcone%2Flondon%2F1992-07-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-31\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-31\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Wogan's show to be axed in BBC shake-upRichard Brooks Media EditorThe Observer (1901– 2003); 1 December 1991;</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-32\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-32\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/5ee14b51ba1c4016a7ff4602cb31c1d9\">\"Eldorado – BBC One London – 6 July 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=Eldorado+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+6+July+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F5ee14b51ba1c4016a7ff4602cb31c1d9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-33\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-33\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFRose2012\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Rose, Damon (26 April 2012). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-17842195\">\"Is this the year of disability on TV?\"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">11 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Is+this+the+year+of+disability+on+TV%3F&rft.date=2012-04-26&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=Damon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fentertainment-arts-17842195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-34\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-34\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFMorris1992\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Morris, Roz (29 June 1992). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/118737540/andrew-gardner-the-guardian-page-27/\">\"Cooling down in a hot seat\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Guardian\" title=\"The Guardian\">The Guardian</a></i>. p. 27<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">18 June</span> 2023</span> – via <a href=\"/wiki/Newspapers.com\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Newspapers.com\">Newspapers.com</a> <span style=\"position:relative; top: -2px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/Open_access\" title=\"open access publication – free to read\"><img alt=\"Open access icon\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"640\" data-file-height=\"1000\" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Cooling+down+in+a+hot+seat&rft.pages=27&rft.date=1992-06-29&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Roz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F118737540%2Fandrew-gardner-the-guardian-page-27%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-35\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-35\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090208150634/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/476182\">\"First Tuesday: Katie and Eilish\"</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/476182\">the original</a> on 8 February 2009.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=First+Tuesday%3A+Katie+and+Eilish&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fftvdb.bfi.org.uk%2Fsift%2Ftitle%2F476182&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-36\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-36\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFCusick1992\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Cusick, James (7 August 1992). <span class=\"id-lock-subscription\" title=\"Paid subscription required\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/scotlands-appeal-courts-to-let-in-tv-cameras-1538862.html\">\"Scotland's appeal courts to let in TV cameras\"</a></span>. <i>The Independent</i>. Independent Print Ltd. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/scotlands-appeal-courts-to-let-in-tv-cameras-1538862.html\">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Scotland%27s+appeal+courts+to+let+in+TV+cameras&rft.date=1992-08-07&rft.aulast=Cusick&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscotlands-appeal-courts-to-let-in-tv-cameras-1538862.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-37\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-37\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/f6c965342bcc4729b58a0f64c871b1b6\">\"Dad – BBC One London – 30 August 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. <i>genome.ch.bbc.co.uk</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">21 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=Dad+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+30+August+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Ff6c965342bcc4729b58a0f64c871b1b6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-38\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-38\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/3434675fe7074666a8db53f1ebfb2524\">\"TV Hell – BBC Two England – 31 August 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TV+Hell+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+31+August+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F3434675fe7074666a8db53f1ebfb2524&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Sportonfour-39\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Sportonfour_39-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Sportonfour_39-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://indexc447.html/?page_id=1259\">\"Part Two (1992–2002): \"I Didn't Get Off Massively on Saint and Greavsie\" : Off The Telly\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Part+Two+%281992%E2%80%932002%29%3A+%22I+Didn%27t+Get+Off+Massively+on+Saint+and+Greavsie%22+%3A+Off+The+Telly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findexc447.html%2F%3Fpage_id%3D1259&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template\"><span style=\"white-space: nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot\" title=\"Wikipedia:Link rot\"><span title=\" Dead link tagged May 2020\">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style=\"visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px\">‍</span>]</span></sup></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-40\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-40\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/920c97e9678b4e208f42544fd73a7888\">\"Casualty – BBC One London – 12 September 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=Casualty+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+12+September+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F920c97e9678b4e208f42544fd73a7888&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-41\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-41\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/d9abd12b1c234101989394a8303354ff\">\"Puppydog Tales – BBC One London – 17 September 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">7 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=Puppydog+Tales+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+17+September+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fd9abd12b1c234101989394a8303354ff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-42\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-42\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/56f7e9c068774ea0a81482392da71b3e\">\"Noddy – BBC One London – 17 September 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">7 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=Noddy+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+17+September+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F56f7e9c068774ea0a81482392da71b3e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-43\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-43\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">American company bids £38m for TVS. The Times, Saturday, 19 September 1992</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-44\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-44\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFBennett1992\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Bennett, Will (5 October 1992). <span class=\"id-lock-subscription\" title=\"Paid subscription required\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/police-still-seek-cause-of-crowther-car-crash-1555538.html\">\"Police still seek cause of Crowther car crash\"</a></span>. <i>The Independent</i>. Independent Print Limited. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/police-still-seek-cause-of-crowther-car-crash-1555538.html\">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Police+still+seek+cause+of+Crowther+car+crash&rft.date=1992-10-05&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolice-still-seek-cause-of-crowther-car-crash-1555538.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-45\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-45\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><span class=\"id-lock-subscription\" title=\"Paid subscription required\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/leslie-crowther-critical-after-second-operation-1555688.html\">\"Leslie Crowther 'critical' after second operation\"</a></span>. <i>The Independent</i>. Independent Print Limited. 6 October 1992. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/leslie-crowther-critical-after-second-operation-1555688.html\">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Leslie+Crowther+%27critical%27+after+second+operation&rft.date=1992-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fleslie-crowther-critical-after-second-operation-1555688.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-46\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-46\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.mi6-hq.com/sections/articles/history_bond_on_tv.php3\">\"James Bond On TV – Movies\"</a>. MI6 – The Home Of James Bond 007. 5 April 2011<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">26 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=James+Bond+On+TV+%E2%80%93+Movies&rft.date=2011-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mi6-hq.com%2Fsections%2Farticles%2Fhistory_bond_on_tv.php3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-47\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-47\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/57a7ea9fa7404523b61b560b274694cc\">\"The Late Show: Later – BBC Two England – 8 October 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">11 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=The+Late+Show%3A+Later+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+8+October+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F57a7ea9fa7404523b61b560b274694cc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-48\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-48\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/c278735dc1114844a4b0448ccfeb194d\">\"Good Morning ... with Anne and Nick – BBC One London – 12 October 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. <i>genome.ch.bbc.co.uk</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=Good+Morning+...+with+Anne+and+Nick+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+12+October+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fc278735dc1114844a4b0448ccfeb194d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-49\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-49\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFTV.com\" class=\"citation web cs1\">TV.com. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20200929152320/http://www.tv.com/shows/good-morning-with-anne-and-nick/\">\"Good Morning... with Anne and Nick\"</a>. <i>TV.com</i>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.tv.com/shows/good-morning-with-anne-and-nick/\">the original</a> on 29 September 2020<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TV.com&rft.atitle=Good+Morning...+with+Anne+and+Nick&rft.au=TV.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tv.com%2Fshows%2Fgood-morning-with-anne-and-nick%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-50\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-50\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/a0cfb8b043c7440b920b8217aa4d5ca6\">\"Ghostwatch – BBC One London – 31 October 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">26 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=Ghostwatch+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+31+October+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fa0cfb8b043c7440b920b8217aa4d5ca6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-51\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-51\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFWoods2017\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Woods, Rebecca (30 October 2017). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-41740176\">\"The BBC ghost spoof that duped a nation\"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">4 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=The+BBC+ghost+spoof+that+duped+a+nation&rft.date=2017-10-30&rft.aulast=Woods&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-41740176&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-52\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-52\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFDawtrey1992\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Dawtrey, Addam (3 November 1992). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.variety.com/article/VR100639/\">\"New player makes bid for TVS Entertainment\"</a>. Variety<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">25 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+player+makes+bid+for+TVS+Entertainment&rft.pub=Variety&rft.date=1992-11-03&rft.aulast=Dawtrey&rft.aufirst=Addam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.variety.com%2Farticle%2FVR100639%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-53\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-53\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Second potential bidder for TVS. By our Deputy City Editor.The Times (London, England), Wednesday, 4 November 1992.</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-54\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-54\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Evangelist may be sole runner for TVS. Martin Waller. The Times, Thursday, 26 November 1992</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-55\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-55\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFGuardian_Staff2002\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Guardian Staff (12 September 2002). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/music/2002/sep/12/artsfeatures.popandrock\">\"Timeline: Top of the Pops\"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Timeline%3A+Top+of+the+Pops&rft.date=2002-09-12&rft.au=Guardian+Staff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2002%2Fsep%2F12%2Fartsfeatures.popandrock&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-56\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-56\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.totparchive.co.uk/episode?id=1497\">\"Top of the Pops Archive\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+of+the+Pops+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.totparchive.co.uk%2Fepisode%3Fid%3D1497&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-57\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-57\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/5a818ccdd2094b60a1857f85e0ae748c\">\"Absolutely Fabulous – BBC Two England – 12 November 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. <i>genome.ch.bbc.co.uk</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=Absolutely+Fabulous+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+12+November+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F5a818ccdd2094b60a1857f85e0ae748c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-58\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-58\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFWaller1992\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Waller, Martin (26 November 1992). \"Evangelist may be sole runner for TVS\". <i>The Times</i>. London.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Evangelist+may+be+sole+runner+for+TVS&rft.date=1992-11-26&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-59\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-59\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/4b272ab964d149a0bf28c2b412efb247\">\"Tremors – BBC One – 28 November 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=Tremors+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+%E2%80%93+28+November+1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F4b272ab964d149a0bf28c2b412efb247&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-60\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-60\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/6a10a5450c004a1a83526566ec453d1f\">\"The Truth about Sex – BBC Two – 3 December 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">21 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=The+Truth+about+Sex+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+%E2%80%93+3+December+1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F6a10a5450c004a1a83526566ec453d1f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-61\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-61\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/f69a867126634455ac8aa20e8f000a86\">\"Weekend at Bernie's – BBC One London – 5 December 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weekend+at+Bernie%27s+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+5+December+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Ff69a867126634455ac8aa20e8f000a86&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-62\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-62\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">TVS bid opposed. The Times, Friday, 11 December 1992;</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-63\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-63\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2015/mar/18/shaw-taylor\">\"Shaw Taylor obituary\"</a>. The Guardian<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">31 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shaw+Taylor+obituary&rft.pub=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftv-and-radio%2F2015%2Fmar%2F18%2Fshaw-taylor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-64\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-64\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/23/newsid_2540000/2540347.stm\">\"1992: Queen's Christmas speech leaked\"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 23 December 1992. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20080307130930/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/23/newsid_2540000/2540347.stm\">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2008<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=1992%3A+Queen%27s+Christmas+speech+leaked&rft.date=1992-12-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fdecember%2F23%2Fnewsid_2540000%2F2540347.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-65\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-65\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/1992-12-25\">\"BBC One London – 25 December 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">26 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+25+December+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fschedules%2Fbbcone%2Flondon%2F1992-12-25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-66\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-66\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/78e4ff5ccae3464cb8f41793cff29008\">\"The Freddie Mercury Tribute – BBC Two England – 25 December 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. <i>genome.ch.bbc.co.uk</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">14 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=The+Freddie+Mercury+Tribute+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+25+December+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F78e4ff5ccae3464cb8f41793cff29008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-67\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-67\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFIngham2022\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Ingham, Harry (25 December 2022). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/news/celebs-tv/christmas-day-tv-30-years-7960456\">\"Christmas Day TV from 30 years ago - what we watched on the box in 1992\"</a>. <i>Hull Live</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hull+Live&rft.atitle=Christmas+Day+TV+from+30+years+ago+-+what+we+watched+on+the+box+in+1992&rft.date=2022-12-25&rft.aulast=Ingham&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hulldailymail.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fcelebs-tv%2Fchristmas-day-tv-30-years-7960456&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-68\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-68\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/28f8a51dc0974c3b9e848f757dcf985f\">\"When Harry Met Sally – BBC One London – 26 December 1992\"</a>. <i>BBC Genome</i>. BBC<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">26 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Genome&rft.atitle=When+Harry+Met+Sally+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+26+December+1992&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F28f8a51dc0974c3b9e848f757dcf985f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-69\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-69\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/5aee3cab4b594f779dd27912867a8f35\">\"Miss Marple: The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side – BBC One London – 27 December 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miss+Marple%3A+The+Mirror+Crack%27d+from+Side+to+Side+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+27+December+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F5aee3cab4b594f779dd27912867a8f35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-70\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-70\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/22b5077f38f4495ab64401e4d22df4a8\">\"Granadaland – BBC Two England – 28 December 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Granadaland+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+28+December+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F22b5077f38f4495ab64401e4d22df4a8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-71\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-71\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/4e5275fd846d49cc82a3186c94d1b8ca\">\"University Challenge – BBC Two England – 21 September 1994 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+Challenge+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+21+September+1994+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F4e5275fd846d49cc82a3186c94d1b8ca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-72\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-72\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFFoster2023\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Foster, Dan (19 May 2023). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.backtothebay.net/news/2023/05/19/look-back-home-and-away-airs-8000th-episode/\">\"Looking back as Home and Away celebrates its 8000th episode\"</a>. <i>Back to the Bay</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Back+to+the+Bay&rft.atitle=Looking+back+as+Home+and+Away+celebrates+its+8000th+episode&rft.date=2023-05-19&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.backtothebay.net%2Fnews%2F2023%2F05%2F19%2Flook-back-home-and-away-airs-8000th-episode%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-73\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-73\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/ea4fc48ebc594f0a884135c94c10f426\">\"Gorillas In the Mist – BBC One London – 29 December 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gorillas+In+the+Mist+%E2%80%93+BBC+One+London+%E2%80%93+29+December+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fea4fc48ebc594f0a884135c94c10f426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-74\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-74\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/5768dfb506f040268ade617c5370afd5\">\"Unplugged – Eric Clapton – BBC Two England – 30 December 1992 – BBC Genome\"</a>. Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unplugged+%E2%80%93+Eric+Clapton+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two+England+%E2%80%93+30+December+1992+%E2%80%93+BBC+Genome&rft.pub=Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2F5768dfb506f040268ade617c5370afd5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4at25-75\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4at25_75-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.channel4.com/media/documents/corporate/foi-docs/4_at_25.pdf\">\"Channel 4's 25 year Anniversary\"</a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)</span>. Channel 4. 2007<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">26 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Channel+4%27s+25+year+Anniversary&rft.pub=Channel+4&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fmedia%2Fdocuments%2Fcorporate%2Ffoi-docs%2F4_at_25.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-76\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-76\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/media/gallery/2008/may/29/what.the.papers.say\">\"What the Papers Say in pictures\"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 29 May 2008<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=What+the+Papers+Say+in+pictures&rft.date=2008-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2Fgallery%2F2008%2Fmay%2F29%2Fwhat.the.papers.say&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-77\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-77\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.bbc.com/historyofthebbc/anniversaries/november/byker-grove/\">\"Byker Grove\"</a>. <i>www.bbc.com</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">25 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.com&rft.atitle=Byker+Grove&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhistoryofthebbc%2Fanniversaries%2Fnovember%2Fbyker-grove%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1992+in+British+television\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"External_links\">External links</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=1992_in_British_television&action=edit&section=43\" title=\"Edit section: External links\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.imdb.com/search/title/?title_type=tv_series&release_date=1992-01-01,1992-12-31&countries=gb&adult=include&sort=num_votes,desc\">List of 1992 British television series</a> at <a href=\"/wiki/IMDb\" title=\"IMDb\">IMDb</a></li></ul>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1236075235\">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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hlist navbar-mini\"><ul><li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Years_in_TV_by_country\" title=\"Template:Years in TV by country\"><abbr title=\"View this template\">v</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Years_in_TV_by_country\" title=\"Template talk:Years in TV by country\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\">t</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-edit\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Years_in_TV_by_country\" title=\"Special:EditPage/Template:Years in TV by country\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id=\"(1991_←)_1992_in_television_(1993_→)\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\">(<a href=\"/wiki/1991_in_television\" title=\"1991 in television\">1991 ←</a>)   <a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_television\" title=\"1992 in television\">1992</a> in <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_years_in_television\" title=\"List of years in television\">television</a>   (<a href=\"/wiki/1993_in_television\" title=\"1993 in television\">1993 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Australian_television\" title=\"1992 in Australian television\">Australia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Belgian_television\" title=\"1992 in Belgian television\">Belgium</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Brazilian_television\" title=\"1992 in Brazilian television\">Brazil</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Canadian_television\" title=\"1992 in Canadian television\">Canada</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Croatian_television\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"1992 in Croatian television\">Croatia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Danish_television\" title=\"1992 in Danish television\">Denmark</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Estonian_television\" title=\"1992 in Estonian television\">Estonia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_German_television\" title=\"1992 in German television\">Germany</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Irish_television\" title=\"1992 in Irish television\">Ireland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Italian_television\" title=\"1992 in Italian television\">Italy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Japanese_television\" title=\"1992 in Japanese television\">Japan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Dutch_television\" title=\"1992 in Dutch television\">Netherlands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_New_Zealand_television\" title=\"1992 in New Zealand television\">New Zealand</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Philippine_television\" title=\"1992 in Philippine television\">Philippines</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Portuguese_television\" title=\"1992 in Portuguese television\">Portugal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Spanish_television\" title=\"1992 in Spanish television\">Spain</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Swedish_television\" title=\"1992 in Swedish television\">Sweden</a></li>\n<li><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">United Kingdom</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_Scottish_television\" title=\"1992 in Scottish television\">Scotland</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_in_American_television\" title=\"1992 in American television\">United States</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐78d9ddc6fb‐9ng78\nCached time: 20241228171957\nCache expiry: 2592000\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc]\nCPU time usage: 0.696 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.829 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 4907/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 120006/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 3836/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 17/100\nExpensive parser function count: 40/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 1/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 254149/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.364/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 6057577/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 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class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t</nav>\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-notifications\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-overflow\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-sitesupport-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" class=\"\"><span>Donate</span></a>\n</li>\n<li id=\"pt-createaccount-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Calandrinia+ciliata\" title=\"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\" class=\"\"><span>Create account</span></a>\n</li>\n<li id=\"pt-login-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Calandrinia+ciliata\" title=\"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\" accesskey=\"o\" class=\"\"><span>Log in</span></a>\n</li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t</div>\n\t\n<div id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out\" title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Personal tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item\" title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-sitesupport\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-createaccount\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Calandrinia+ciliata\" title=\"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd\"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-login\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Calandrinia+ciliata\" title=\"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\" accesskey=\"o\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-user-menu-anon-editor\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPages for logged out editors <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction\" aria-label=\"Learn more about editing\"><span>learn more</span></a>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-anoncontribs\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyContributions\" title=\"A list of edits made from this IP address [y]\" accesskey=\"y\"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-anontalk\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyTalk\" title=\"Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]\" accesskey=\"n\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</nav>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t</header>\n</div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-navigation\">\n\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel\" class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\t\n\t\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents</h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Description\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Description\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Description</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Description-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><i>Calandrinia ciliata</i></h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 5 languages\" >\n\t<label id=\"p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">5 languages</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calandrinia_ciliata\" title=\"Calandrinia ciliata – Cebuano\" lang=\"ceb\" hreflang=\"ceb\" data-title=\"Calandrinia ciliata\" data-language-autonym=\"Cebuano\" data-language-local-name=\"Cebuano\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calandrinia_ciliata\" title=\"Calandrinia ciliata – Spanish\" lang=\"es\" hreflang=\"es\" data-title=\"Calandrinia ciliata\" data-language-autonym=\"Español\" data-language-local-name=\"Spanish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calandrinia_ciliata\" title=\"Calandrinia ciliata – Icelandic\" lang=\"is\" hreflang=\"is\" data-title=\"Calandrinia ciliata\" data-language-autonym=\"Íslenska\" data-language-local-name=\"Icelandic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calandrinia_ciliata\" title=\"Calandrinia ciliata – Swedish\" lang=\"sv\" hreflang=\"sv\" data-title=\"Calandrinia ciliata\" data-language-autonym=\"Svenska\" data-language-local-name=\"Swedish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calandrinia_ciliata\" title=\"Calandrinia ciliata – Waray\" lang=\"war\" hreflang=\"war\" data-title=\"Calandrinia ciliata\" data-language-autonym=\"Winaray\" data-language-local-name=\"Waray\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Winaray</span></a></li>\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5018525#sitelinks-wikipedia\" title=\"Edit interlanguage links\" class=\"wbc-editpage\">Edit links</a></span></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n</header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Calandrinia_ciliata\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-talk\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Talk:Calandrinia_ciliata\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\" accesskey=\"t\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Change language variant\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">English</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-variants\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"right-navigation\" class=\"vector-collapsible\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Views\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-views\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-view\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Calandrinia_ciliata\"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-edit\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Calandrinia_ciliata&action=edit\" title=\"Edit this page [e]\" accesskey=\"e\"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-history\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Calandrinia_ciliata&action=history\" title=\"Past revisions of this page [h]\" accesskey=\"h\"><span>View history</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools\" class=\"vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"page-tools-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-page-tools\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Tools</div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-cactions\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items\" title=\"More options\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tActions\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li 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width: 200px; font-size: 100%\">\n\n<tbody><tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)\"><i>Calandrinia ciliata</i>\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File/Frameless\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Calandriniaciliata1.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Calandriniaciliata1.jpg/220px-Calandriniaciliata1.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"260\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Calandriniaciliata1.jpg/330px-Calandriniaciliata1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Calandriniaciliata1.jpg/440px-Calandriniaciliata1.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1389\" data-file-height=\"1639\" /></a></span>\n</td></tr>\n\n\n<tr style=\"color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)\">\n<th colspan=\"2\"><div style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Conservation_status\" title=\"Conservation status\">Conservation status</a></div>\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><div style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"mw-default-size skin-invert-image\" typeof=\"mw:File/Frameless\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Status_TNC_G4.svg/220px-Status_TNC_G4.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"59\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Status_TNC_G4.svg/330px-Status_TNC_G4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Status_TNC_G4.svg/440px-Status_TNC_G4.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"240\" data-file-height=\"64\" /></span></span><br />Apparently Secure <small> (<a href=\"/wiki/NatureServe_conservation_status\" title=\"NatureServe conservation status\">NatureServe</a>)<sup id=\"cite_ref-TNC_status_30_May_2022_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-TNC_status_30_May_2022-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></small></div>\n</td></tr>\n\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)\"><a href=\"/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)\" title=\"Taxonomy (biology)\">Scientific classification</a> <span class=\"plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert\" style=\"font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Calandrinia\" title=\"Edit this classification\"><img alt=\"Edit this classification\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"20\" /></a></span></span>\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kingdom:\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Plant\" title=\"Plant\">Plantae</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i>Clade</i>:\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Vascular_plant\" title=\"Vascular plant\">Tracheophytes</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i>Clade</i>:\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Flowering_plant\" title=\"Flowering plant\">Angiosperms</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><i>Clade</i>:\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Eudicots\" title=\"Eudicots\">Eudicots</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Order:\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Caryophyllales\" title=\"Caryophyllales\">Caryophyllales</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Family:\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Montiaceae\" title=\"Montiaceae\">Montiaceae</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Genus:\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Calandrinia\" title=\"Calandrinia\"><i>Calandrinia</i></a>\n</td></tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<tr>\n<td>Species:\n</td>\n<td><div style=\"display:inline\" class=\"species\"><i><b>C. ciliata</b></i></div>\n</td></tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)\"><a href=\"/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature\" title=\"Binomial nomenclature\">Binomial name</a>\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: center\"><b><span class=\"binomial\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"></span><i>Calandrinia ciliata</i></span></b><br /><div style=\"font-size: 85%;\">(<a href=\"/wiki/Ruiz_y_Pav%C3%B3n\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Ruiz y Pavón\">Ruiz & Pav.</a>) <a href=\"/wiki/Augustin_Pyramus_de_Candolle\" title=\"Augustin Pyramus de Candolle\">DC.</a></div>\n</td></tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)\"><a href=\"/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)\" title=\"Synonym (taxonomy)\">Synonyms</a><sup id=\"cite_ref-powo_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-powo-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: left\">\n<div class=\"collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div style=\"line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;\"><div><span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Synonymy</span></div></div>\n<ul class=\"mw-collapsible-content\" style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;\"><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia arizonica</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Rydb. (1932)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia axilliflora</i> var. <i>foliosa</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Phil. (1894)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia axilliflora</i> var. <i>minor</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Barnéoud (1847)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia bonariensis</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Hauman (1925)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia caulescens</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Kunth (1823)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia caulescens</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Phil. (1894), nom. illeg.</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia caulescens</i> subsp. <i>menziesii</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Hook.) Piper & Beattie (1915)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia caulescens</i> var. <i>menziesii</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Hook.) A.Gray (1887)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia ciliata</i> var. <i>menziesii</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Hook.) J.F.Macbr. (1931)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia elegans</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Spach (1836)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia feltonii</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Skottsb. (1913)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia menziesii</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Hook.) Torr. & A.Gray (1838)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia menziesii</i> var. <i>alba</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Orcutt (1891)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia micrantha</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Schltdl. (1839)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia muricata</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Rydb. (1932)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia phacosperma</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">DC. (1828), nom. superfl.</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia pulchella</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Lilja (1843)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia speciosa</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Lindl. (1833), nom. illeg.</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia stenophylla</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Rydb. (1931)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calandrinia tenella</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Rydb. (1931), nom. illeg.</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Calyptridium depressum</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">A.Nelson (1945)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Claytonia alba</i> var. <i>caulescens</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Kunth) Kuntze (1898)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Claytonia caulescens</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Kunth) Kuntze (1891)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Claytonia ciliata</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze (1891)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Claytonia menziesii</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Hook.) Kuntze (1891)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Claytonia peruviana</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Haw.) Kuntze (1891)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Claytonia triandria</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Sessé & Moc. (1894)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Cosmia caulescens</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Kunth) Dombey ex Britten (1900)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Cosmia montana</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Dombey ex DC. (1828), not validly publ.</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Phacosperma peruviana</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Haw. (1827)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Talinum caulescens</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(Kunth) Spreng. (1825)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Talinum ciliatum</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Ruiz & Pav. (1794)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Talinum cosmia</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">F.Dietr. (1838), nom. superfl.</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Talinum menziesii</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Hook. (1832)</span>\n</li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"> <i>Tetragonia peruviana</i> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">Haw. (1827), not validly publ.</span>\n</li></ul>\n</div>\n</td></tr>\n\n</tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238732961\">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style>\n<p><i><b>Calandrinia ciliata</b></i> is a species of flowering plant known as <b>fringed redmaids</b><sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> and <b>red-maids</b>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-BSBI07_4-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-BSBI07-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> While formerly included in the <a href=\"/wiki/Portulacaceae\" title=\"Portulacaceae\">Purslane family</a>,<sup id=\"cite_ref-jepson1993_5-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-jepson1993-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> it is now treated as a member of the family <a href=\"/wiki/Montiaceae\" title=\"Montiaceae\">Montiaceae</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-jepson2014_6-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-jepson2014-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>It is native to western North America from <a href=\"/wiki/British_Columbia\" title=\"British Columbia\">British Columbia</a> to <a href=\"/wiki/New_Mexico\" title=\"New Mexico\">New Mexico</a> and Guatemala, where it is widespread and common. It can also be found in western and southern South America, from Venezuela and Colombia through the <a href=\"/wiki/Andes\" title=\"Andes\">Andean</a> countries to southern Argentina and Chile. It has been introduced to the <a href=\"/wiki/Falkland_Islands\" title=\"Falkland Islands\">Falkland Islands</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-powo_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-powo-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>In the <a href=\"/wiki/Falkland_Islands\" title=\"Falkland Islands\">Falkland Islands</a> iT is known by the <a href=\"/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)\" title=\"Synonym (taxonomy)\">synonym</a> <i>Calandrinia feltonii</i>, and by the common name <b>Felton's flower</b>. It is named after Arthur Felton, a resident of the <a href=\"/wiki/Falkland_Islands\" title=\"Falkland Islands\">Falkland Islands</a>, who sent specimens of the plant in 1910 to <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden\">Swedish</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Botany\" title=\"Botany\">botanist</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Carl_Skottsberg\" title=\"Carl Skottsberg\">Carl Skottsberg</a>. It nearly became <a href=\"/wiki/Extinct_in_the_Wild\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Extinct in the Wild\">extinct in the wild</a> on the islands through <a href=\"/wiki/Overgrazing\" title=\"Overgrazing\">overgrazing</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Hince_7-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Hince-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Description\">Description</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Calandrinia_ciliata&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Description\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p><i>Calandrinia ciliata</i> is an annual herb which varies greatly in size from a small patch a few centimeters wide to an erect form approaching 40 cm (16 in) tall. The linear or lance-shaped leaves are 1 to 10 cm (0.39 to 3.94 in) long and slightly succulent in texture.\n</p><p>The <a href=\"/wiki/Inflorescence\" title=\"Inflorescence\">inflorescence</a> is a <a href=\"/wiki/Raceme\" title=\"Raceme\">raceme</a> bearing flowers on short <a href=\"/wiki/Pedicel_(botany)\" title=\"Pedicel (botany)\">pedicels</a>. The flower has usually five deep pink to red petals, each up to 1.4 cm (0.55 in) in length. There are two <a href=\"/wiki/Sepal\" title=\"Sepal\">sepals</a> at the base beneath the petals.\n</p><p>This is a hardy plant well adapted to many habitats and climate types. Where it is an <a href=\"/wiki/Introduced_species\" title=\"Introduced species\">introduced species</a>, it is known as a minor weed.<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Calandrinia_ciliata&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-TNC_status_30_May_2022-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-TNC_status_30_May_2022_1-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.132119\">\"NatureServe Explorer - Calandrinia ciliata\"</a>. <i>NatureServe Explorer Calandrinia ciliata</i>. NatureServe. 2022-05-30<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">30 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NatureServe+Explorer+Calandrinia+ciliata&rft.atitle=NatureServe+Explorer+-+Calandrinia+ciliata&rft.date=2022-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexplorer.natureserve.org%2FTaxon%2FELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.132119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalandrinia+ciliata\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-powo-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-powo_2-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-powo_2-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:698357-1\"><i>Calandrinia ciliata</i> (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.</a> <i><a href=\"/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online\" title=\"Plants of the World Online\">Plants of the World Online</a></i>. Retrieved 13 January 2024.</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFNRCS\" class=\"citation web cs1\"><a href=\"/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service\" title=\"Natural Resources Conservation Service\">NRCS</a>. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/CACI2\">\"<i>Calandrinia ciliata</i>\"</a>. <i>PLANTS Database</i>. <a href=\"/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture\" title=\"United States Department of Agriculture\">United States Department of Agriculture</a> (USDA)<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">4 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PLANTS+Database&rft.atitle=%3Ci%3ECalandrinia+ciliata%3C%2Fi%3E&rft.au=NRCS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplants.sc.egov.usda.gov%2Fplant-profile%2FCACI2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalandrinia+ciliata\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-BSBI07-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-BSBI07_4-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFBSBI2007\" class=\"citation cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20150626140254/http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls\"><i>BSBI List 2007</i></a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(xls)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/Botanical_Society_of_Britain_and_Ireland\" title=\"Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland\">Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://bsbi.org/download/3542/\">the original</a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(xls)</span> on 2015-06-26<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2014-10-17</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=BSBI+List+2007&rft.pub=Botanical+Society+of+Britain+and+Ireland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbsbi.org%2Fdownload%2F3542%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalandrinia+ciliata\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-jepson1993-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-jepson1993_5-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?6318,6319,6322\">\"<i>Calandrinia ciliata</i>\"</a>. <i>ucjeps.berkeley.edu</i>. Jepson eFlora. 1993<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2018-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ucjeps.berkeley.edu&rft.atitle=Calandrinia+ciliata&rft.date=1993&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fucjeps.berkeley.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fget_JM_treatment.pl%3F6318%2C6319%2C6322&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalandrinia+ciliata\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-jepson2014-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-jepson2014_6-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=8891\">\"<i>Calandrinia</i>\"</a>. <i>ucjeps.berkeley.edu</i>. Jepson eFlora. 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2018-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ucjeps.berkeley.edu&rft.atitle=Calandrinia&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fucjeps.berkeley.edu%2Feflora%2Feflora_display.php%3Ftid%3D8891&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalandrinia+ciliata\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Hince-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Hince_7-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFHince,_Bernadette2000\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Hince, Bernadette (2000). <i>The Antarctic dictionary: a complete guide to Antarctic English</i>. Melbourne: CSIRO Publishing. <a href=\"/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9577471-1-1\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-0-9577471-1-1\"><bdi>978-0-9577471-1-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Antarctic+dictionary%3A+a+complete+guide+to+Antarctic+English&rft.place=Melbourne&rft.pub=CSIRO+Publishing&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-9577471-1-1&rft.au=Hince%2C+Bernadette&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalandrinia+ciliata\" class=\"Z3988\"></span> p.127.</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/WEEDS/redmaids.html\">UC Davis IPM</a></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"External_links\">External links</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Calandrinia_ciliata&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: External links\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Calandrinia+ciliata\">Photo gallery</a></li></ul>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1129693374\">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:\": \"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:\" · \";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:\" (\";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:\")\";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:\" \"counter(listitem)\"\\a0 \"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:\" (\"counter(listitem)\"\\a0 \"}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1236075235\">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Taxon_identifiers\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><div id=\"Taxon_identifiers\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers\" title=\"Help:Taxon identifiers\">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;text-align: left;\"><i>Calandrinia ciliata</i></th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikidata\" title=\"Wikidata\">Wikidata</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5018525\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"wikidata:Q5018525\">Q5018525</a></span></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikispecies\" title=\"Wikispecies\">Wikispecies</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Calandrinia_ciliata\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"wikispecies:Calandrinia ciliata\">Calandrinia ciliata</a></span></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index\" title=\"Australian Plant Name Index\">APNI</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/93593\">93593</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life\" title=\"Catalogue of Life\">CoL</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/PF34\">PF34</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life\" title=\"Encyclopedia of Life\">EoL</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://eol.org/pages/587432\">587432</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/EPPO_Code\" title=\"EPPO Code\">EPPO</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CLNCL\">CLNCL</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/FloraBase\" title=\"FloraBase\">FloraBase</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/19072\">19072</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Flora_of_North_America\" title=\"Flora of North America\">FNA</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242415713\">242415713</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility\" title=\"Global Biodiversity Information Facility\">GBIF</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.gbif.org/species/3084693\">3084693</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network\" title=\"Germplasm Resources Information Network\">GRIN</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=454693\">454693</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/INaturalist\" title=\"INaturalist\">iNaturalist</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://inaturalist.org/taxa/489239\">489239</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index\" title=\"International Plant Names Index\">IPNI</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.ipni.org/n/698357-1\">698357-1</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera\" title=\"Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera\">IRMNG</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10196551\">10196551</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System\" title=\"Integrated Taxonomic Information System\">ITIS</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=20464\">20464</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/NatureServe\" title=\"NatureServe\">NatureServe</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.132119/\">2.132119</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network\" title=\"National Biodiversity Network\">NBN</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NHMSYS0000456286\">NHMSYS0000456286</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information\" title=\"National Center for Biotechnology Information\">NCBI</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=46144\">46144</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/NSWFlora\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"NSWFlora\">NSWFlora</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Calandrinia~ciliata\">Calandrinia~ciliata</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">NZOR: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/b8465f27-ba52-42a7-ad11-1a5c94e02276\">b8465f27-ba52-42a7-ad11-1a5c94e02276</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life\" title=\"Open Tree of Life\">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=883497\">883497</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Plants_for_a_Future\" title=\"Plants for a Future\">PfaF</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Calandrinia+ciliata\">Calandrinia ciliata</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/The_Plant_List\" title=\"The Plant List\">Plant List</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2690563\">kew-2690563</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants\" title=\"Natural Resources Conservation Service\">PLANTS</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/CACI2\">CACI2</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online\" title=\"Plants of the World Online\">POWO</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A698357-1\">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:698357-1</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/South_African_National_Biodiversity_Institute\" title=\"South African National Biodiversity Institute\">SANBI</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://redlist.sanbi.org/species.php?species=3973-1\">3973-1</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Tropicos\" title=\"Tropicos\">Tropicos</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.tropicos.org/name/26200190\">26200190</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">VASCAN: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/8245\">8245</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/National_Herbarium_of_Victoria\" title=\"National Herbarium of Victoria\">VicFlora</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/673506c1-6aa2-4a90-b2e9-bad3b2d729c4\">673506c1-6aa2-4a90-b2e9-bad3b2d729c4</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"/wiki/World_Flora_Online\" title=\"World Flora Online\">WFO</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000578868\">wfo-0000578868</a></span></span></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐59ccf9db48‐k6pk9\nCached time: 20250103173524\nCache expiry: 2592000\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary‐revision‐sha1]\nCPU time usage: 0.589 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.773 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5175/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 64295/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 20608/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 20/100\nExpensive parser function count: 27/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 1/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 27527/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.421/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 8521649/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 27/400\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 721.107 1 -total\n 36.77% 265.181 1 Template:Taxonbar\n 32.25% 232.588 1 Template:Speciesbox\n 31.34% 226.020 1 Template:Taxobox/core\n 18.60% 134.095 1 Template:Reflist\n 10.29% 74.226 3 Template:Cite_web\n 8.56% 61.712 1 Template:Short_description\n 4.67% 33.657 2 Template:Pagetype\n 3.23% 23.317 3 Template:Convert\n 3.19% 22.982 1 Template:PLANTS\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:22265089:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20250103173524 and revision id 1195587467. Rendering was triggered because: page-view\n -->\n</div><!--esi <esi:include src=\"/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content\" /> --><noscript><img src=\"https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"border: none; position: absolute;\"></noscript>\n<div class=\"printfooter\" data-nosnippet=\"\">Retrieved from \"<a dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calandrinia_ciliata&oldid=1195587467\">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calandrinia_ciliata&oldid=1195587467</a>\"</div></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"catlinks\" class=\"catlinks\" data-mw=\"interface\"><div id=\"mw-normal-catlinks\" class=\"mw-normal-catlinks\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Category\" title=\"Help:Category\">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:NatureServe_apparently_secure_species\" title=\"Category:NatureServe apparently secure species\">NatureServe apparently secure species</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Calandrinia\" title=\"Category:Calandrinia\">Calandrinia</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Baja_California\" title=\"Category:Flora of Baja California\">Flora of Baja California</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_British_Columbia\" title=\"Category:Flora of British Columbia\">Flora of British Columbia</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_California\" title=\"Category:Flora of California\">Flora of California</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Idaho\" title=\"Category:Flora of Idaho\">Flora of Idaho</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Nevada\" title=\"Category:Flora of Nevada\">Flora of Nevada</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_New_Mexico\" title=\"Category:Flora of New Mexico\">Flora of New Mexico</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Oregon\" title=\"Category:Flora of Oregon\">Flora of Oregon</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Washington_(state)\" title=\"Category:Flora of Washington (state)\">Flora of Washington (state)</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Mexico\" title=\"Category:Flora of Mexico\">Flora of Mexico</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Guatemala\" title=\"Category:Flora of Guatemala\">Flora of Guatemala</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Venezuela\" title=\"Category:Flora of Venezuela\">Flora of Venezuela</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Colombia\" title=\"Category:Flora of Colombia\">Flora of Colombia</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Ecuador\" title=\"Category:Flora of Ecuador\">Flora of Ecuador</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Peru\" title=\"Category:Flora of Peru\">Flora of Peru</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Bolivia\" title=\"Category:Flora of Bolivia\">Flora of Bolivia</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Argentina\" title=\"Category:Flora of Argentina\">Flora of Argentina</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_central_Chile\" title=\"Category:Flora of central Chile\">Flora of central Chile</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_southern_Chile\" title=\"Category:Flora of southern Chile\">Flora of southern Chile</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_the_Cascade_Range\" title=\"Category:Flora of the Cascade Range\">Flora of the Cascade Range</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_the_Great_Basin\" title=\"Category:Flora of the Great Basin\">Flora of the Great Basin</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_the_Klamath_Mountains\" title=\"Category:Flora of the Klamath Mountains\">Flora of the Klamath Mountains</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_the_Sierra_Nevada_(United_States)\" title=\"Category:Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)\">Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Flora_of_the_Andes\" title=\"Category:Flora of the Andes\">Flora of the Andes</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Natural_history_of_the_California_chaparral_and_woodlands\" title=\"Category:Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands\">Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Natural_history_of_the_California_Coast_Ranges\" title=\"Category:Natural history of the California Coast Ranges\">Natural history of the California Coast Ranges</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Natural_history_of_the_Central_Valley_(California)\" title=\"Category:Natural history of the Central Valley (California)\">Natural history of the Central Valley (California)</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Natural_history_of_the_Channel_Islands_of_California\" title=\"Category:Natural history of the Channel Islands of California\">Natural history of the Channel Islands of California</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Natural_history_of_the_Mojave_Desert\" title=\"Category:Natural history of the Mojave Desert\">Natural history of the Mojave Desert</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Natural_history_of_the_Peninsular_Ranges\" title=\"Category:Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges\">Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Natural_history_of_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area\" title=\"Category:Natural history of the San Francisco Bay Area\">Natural history of the San Francisco Bay Area</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Natural_history_of_the_Transverse_Ranges\" title=\"Category:Natural history of the Transverse Ranges\">Natural history of the Transverse Ranges</a></li></ul></div><div id=\"mw-hidden-catlinks\" class=\"mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden\">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description\" title=\"Category:Articles with short description\">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata\" title=\"Category:Short description is different from Wikidata\">Short 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[o]\" accesskey=\"o\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-user-menu-anon-editor\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPages for logged out editors <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction\" aria-label=\"Learn more about editing\"><span>learn more</span></a>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-anoncontribs\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyContributions\" title=\"A list of edits made from this IP address [y]\" accesskey=\"y\"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-anontalk\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyTalk\" title=\"Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]\" accesskey=\"n\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</nav>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t</header>\n</div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-navigation\">\n\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel\" class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\t\n\t\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents</h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Career\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Career\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Career</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Career-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">Alex Jardine</span></h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 3 languages\" >\n\t<label id=\"p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">3 languages</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86\" title=\"أليكس جاردين – Arabic\" lang=\"ar\" hreflang=\"ar\" data-title=\"أليكس جاردين\" data-language-autonym=\"العربية\" data-language-local-name=\"Arabic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Jardine\" title=\"Alex Jardine – Italian\" lang=\"it\" hreflang=\"it\" data-title=\"Alex Jardine\" data-language-autonym=\"Italiano\" data-language-local-name=\"Italian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86\" title=\"اليكس جاردين – Egyptian Arabic\" lang=\"arz\" hreflang=\"arz\" data-title=\"اليكس جاردين\" data-language-autonym=\"مصرى\" data-language-local-name=\"Egyptian Arabic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>مصرى</span></a></li>\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4717232#sitelinks-wikipedia\" title=\"Edit interlanguage links\" class=\"wbc-editpage\">Edit links</a></span></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n</header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Alex_Jardine\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-talk\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Talk:Alex_Jardine\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\" accesskey=\"t\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Change language variant\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">English</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-variants\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"right-navigation\" class=\"vector-collapsible\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Views\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-views\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-view\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Alex_Jardine\"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-edit\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&action=edit\" title=\"Edit this page [e]\" accesskey=\"e\"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-history\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&action=history\" title=\"Past revisions of this page [h]\" accesskey=\"h\"><span>View history</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools\" class=\"vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"page-tools-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-page-tools\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Tools</div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-cactions\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items\" title=\"More options\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tActions\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-more-view\" class=\"selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Alex_Jardine\"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-more-edit\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&action=edit\" title=\"Edit this page [e]\" accesskey=\"e\"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-more-history\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&action=history\"><span>View history</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-tb\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tGeneral\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"t-whatlinkshere\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Alex_Jardine\" title=\"List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]\" accesskey=\"j\"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id=\"t-recentchangeslinked\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Alex_Jardine\" rel=\"nofollow\" title=\"Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]\" accesskey=\"k\"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id=\"t-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard\" title=\"Upload files [u]\" accesskey=\"u\"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id=\"t-specialpages\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:SpecialPages\" title=\"A list of all special pages [q]\" accesskey=\"q\"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id=\"t-permalink\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&oldid=1255207231\" title=\"Permanent link to this revision of this page\"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id=\"t-info\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&action=info\" title=\"More information about this page\"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id=\"t-cite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Alex_Jardine&id=1255207231&wpFormIdentifier=titleform\" title=\"Information on how to cite this page\"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id=\"t-urlshortener\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlex_Jardine\"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id=\"t-urlshortener-qrcode\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlex_Jardine\"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-coll-print_export\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPrint/export\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"coll-download-as-rl\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Alex_Jardine&action=show-download-screen\" title=\"Download this page as a PDF file\"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id=\"t-print\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&printable=yes\" title=\"Printable version of this page [p]\" accesskey=\"p\"><span>Printable version</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-wikibase-otherprojects\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tIn other projects\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"t-wikibase\" class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4717232\" title=\"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\" accesskey=\"g\"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance\" class=\"vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header 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class=\"mw-indicators\">\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"siteSub\" class=\"noprint\">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentSub\"><div id=\"mw-content-subtitle\"></div></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Scottish footballer</div>\n<p class=\"mw-empty-elt\">\n</p>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1257001546\">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class=\"infobox infobox-table vcard\" style=\"line-height: 1.2em; max-width: 420px !important;\"><caption class=\"infobox-title fn\" style=\"line-height: 1.2em;\">Alex Jardine</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"4\" class=\"infobox-header\" style=\"color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de; line-height: 1.5em\">Personal information</th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\">Full name</th><td colspan=\"3\" class=\"infobox-data nickname\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;;white-space: normal;\">\nAlexander Jardine<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\">Date of birth</th><td colspan=\"3\" class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;;white-space: normal;\">\n12 April 1926</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\">Place of birth</th><td colspan=\"3\" class=\"infobox-data birthplace\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;;white-space: normal;\">\n<a href=\"/wiki/Motherwell\" title=\"Motherwell\">Motherwell</a>, Scotland</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\">Date of death</th><td colspan=\"3\" class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;;white-space: normal;\">\n6 June 1978<span style=\"display:none\">(1978-06-06)</span> (aged 52)</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\">Place of death</th><td colspan=\"3\" class=\"infobox-data deathplace\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;;white-space: normal;\">\n<a href=\"/wiki/London\" title=\"London\">London</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\">Position(s)</th><td colspan=\"3\" class=\"infobox-data role\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;;white-space: normal;\">\n<a href=\"/wiki/Defender_(association_football)#Full_back\" title=\"Defender (association football)\">Full back</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan=\"4\" class=\"infobox-header\" style=\"color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de; line-height: 1.5em\">Youth career</th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\"></span></th><td colspan=\"3\" class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;\">\nWishaw</td></tr><tr><th colspan=\"4\" class=\"infobox-header\" style=\"color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de; line-height: 1.5em\">Senior career*</th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\">Years</th><td class=\"infobox-data infobox-data-a\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<b>Team</b></td><td class=\"infobox-data infobox-data-b\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: right\">\n<b><abbr title=\"League appearances\">Apps</abbr></b></td><td class=\"infobox-data infobox-data-c\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: right\">\n<b>(<abbr title=\"League goals\">Gls</abbr>)</b></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">1946–1950</span></th><td class=\"infobox-data infobox-data-a\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<a href=\"/wiki/Dundee_United_F.C.\" title=\"Dundee United F.C.\">Dundee United</a></td><td class=\"infobox-data infobox-data-b\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: right\">\n68</td><td class=\"infobox-data infobox-data-c\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: right\">\n(2)</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">1950–1958</span></th><td class=\"infobox-data infobox-data-a\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<a href=\"/wiki/Millwall_F.C.\" title=\"Millwall F.C.\">Millwall</a></td><td class=\"infobox-data infobox-data-b\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: right\">\n299</td><td class=\"infobox-data infobox-data-c\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: right\">\n(25)</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"4\" class=\"infobox-below\" style=\"color:darkslategray; font-size:95%\">\n*Club domestic league appearances and goals</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p><b>Alexander Jardine</b> (12 April 1926 – 6 June 1978) was a Scottish <a href=\"/wiki/Association_football\" title=\"Association football\">footballer</a>, who played as a <a href=\"/wiki/Defender_(association_football)#Full_back\" title=\"Defender (association football)\">full back</a>.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Career\">Career</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Career\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>Jardine began his career in the mid-1940s with <a href=\"/wiki/Dundee_United_F.C.\" title=\"Dundee United F.C.\">Dundee United</a>, spending four years at <a href=\"/wiki/Tannadice_Park\" title=\"Tannadice Park\">Tannadice</a> before moving to <a href=\"/wiki/Millwall_F.C.\" title=\"Millwall F.C.\">Millwall</a> in 1950 for £700.<sup id=\"cite_ref-millwall_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-millwall-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> He was selected to play for the <a href=\"/wiki/Football_League_Third_Division_North_vs._South_Representative_Games\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Football League Third Division North vs. South Representative Games\">Third Division South representative side</a> in 1954/55, 1955/56 and 1956/57 (both games). Jardine spent eight years with Millwall before retiring in 1958 due to an <a href=\"/wiki/Achilles_tendon\" title=\"Achilles tendon\">Achilles tendon</a> injury.<sup id=\"cite_ref-millwall_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-millwall-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Jardine died in 1978.<sup id=\"cite_ref-millwall_2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-millwall-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://barryhugmansfootballers.com/player/10073\">\"Alex Jardine\"</a>. <i>Barry Hugman's Footballers</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Barry+Hugman%27s+Footballers&rft.atitle=Alex+Jardine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbarryhugmansfootballers.com%2Fplayer%2F10073&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlex+Jardine\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-millwall-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-millwall_2-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-millwall_2-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-millwall_2-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090709205516/http://www.millwallfc.co.uk/page/HallOfFame/0%2C%2C10367~91768%2C00.html\">\"Alex Jardine\"</a>. Millwall FC. 6 November 2008. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.millwallfc.co.uk/page/HallOfFame/0,,10367~91768,00.html\">the original</a> on 9 July 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">3 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alex+Jardine&rft.pub=Millwall+FC&rft.date=2008-11-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.millwallfc.co.uk%2Fpage%2FHallOfFame%2F0%2C%2C10367~91768%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlex+Jardine\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"External_links\">External links</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: External links\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.neilbrown.newcastlefans.com/player3/alexjardine.html\">Alex Jardine</a> at Post War English & Scottish Football League A–Z Player's Transfer Database</li></ul>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1129693374\">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:\": \"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:\" · \";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Millwall_F.C._–_Hall_of_Fame\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\" 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7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class=\"navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini\"><ul><li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Millwall_F.C._Hall_of_Fame\" title=\"Template:Millwall F.C. Hall of Fame\"><abbr title=\"View this template\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF\">v</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Millwall_F.C._Hall_of_Fame\" title=\"Template talk:Millwall F.C. Hall of Fame\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF\">t</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-edit\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Millwall_F.C._Hall_of_Fame\" title=\"Special:EditPage/Template:Millwall F.C. Hall of Fame\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF\">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id=\"Millwall_F.C._–_Hall_of_Fame\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"/wiki/Millwall_F.C.#Hall_of_Fame\" title=\"Millwall F.C.\"><span style=\"color: white\">Millwall F.C. – Hall of Fame</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"background:#15317E;color:#fff;;width:1%\">Players</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Doug_Allder\" title=\"Doug Allder\">Allder</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Alf_Amos\" title=\"Alf Amos\">Amos</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Herbert_Banks\" title=\"Herbert Banks\">Banks</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Gordon_Bolland\" title=\"Gordon Bolland\">Bolland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Ray_Brady\" title=\"Ray Brady\">Brady</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Les_Briley\" title=\"Les Briley\">Briley</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Terry_Brisley\" title=\"Terry Brisley\">Brisley</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Joe_Broadfoot\" title=\"Joe Broadfoot\">Broadfoot</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Dennis_Burnett\" title=\"Dennis Burnett\">Burnett</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Peter_Burridge\" title=\"Peter Burridge\">Burridge</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Tim_Cahill\" title=\"Tim Cahill\">Cahill</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/John_Calvey\" title=\"John Calvey\">Calvey</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Tony_Cascarino\" title=\"Tony Cascarino\">Cascarino</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Jimmy_Constantine\" title=\"Jimmy Constantine\">Constantine</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Harry_Cripps\" title=\"Harry Cripps\">Cripps</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Walter_Davis_(footballer)\" title=\"Walter Davis (footballer)\">Davis</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Alan_Dorney\" title=\"Alan Dorney\">Dorney</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Eamon_Dunphy\" title=\"Eamon Dunphy\">Dunphy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Malcolm_Finlayson\" title=\"Malcolm Finlayson\">Finlayson</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/George_Fisher_(footballer)\" title=\"George Fisher (footballer)\">Fisher</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Jack_Fort\" title=\"Jack Fort\">Fort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Alfred_Geddes\" title=\"Alfred Geddes\">Geddes</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/John_Gilchrist_(footballer,_born_1939)\" title=\"John Gilchrist (footballer, born 1939)\">Gilchrist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Len_Graham_(footballer,_born_1901)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Len Graham (footballer, born 1901)\">Graham</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Dave_Harper_(footballer)\" title=\"Dave Harper (footballer)\">Harper</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Neil_Harris_(footballer,_born_1977)\" title=\"Neil Harris (footballer, born 1977)\">Harris</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Gordon_Hill_(footballer)\" title=\"Gordon Hill (footballer)\">Hill</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Brian_Horne\" title=\"Brian Horne\">Horne</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Charlie_Hurley\" title=\"Charlie Hurley\">Hurley</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Terry_Hurlock\" title=\"Terry Hurlock\">Hurlock</a></li>\n<li><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">Jardine</a></li>\n<li>Jeffrey</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Johnny_Johnson_(footballer)\" title=\"Johnny Johnson (footballer)\">Johnson</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/John_Joyce_(footballer)\" title=\"John Joyce (footballer)\">Joyce</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Len_Julians\" title=\"Len Julians\">Julians</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Bryan_King_(footballer,_born_1947)\" title=\"Bryan King (footballer, born 1947)\">King</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Barry_Kitchener\" title=\"Barry Kitchener\">Kitchener</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Lawrie_Leslie\" title=\"Lawrie Leslie\">Leslie</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Steve_Lovell_(Welsh_footballer)\" title=\"Steve Lovell (Welsh footballer)\">Lovell</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Dave_Mangnall\" title=\"Dave Mangnall\">Mangnall</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Alf_Moule\" title=\"Alf Moule\">Moule</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Billy_Neil_(footballer,_born_1944)\" title=\"Billy Neil (footballer, born 1944)\">Neil</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Dick_Parker\" title=\"Dick Parker\">Parker</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Derek_Possee\" title=\"Derek Possee\">Possee</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Alex_Rae_(footballer,_born_1969)\" title=\"Alex Rae (footballer, born 1969)\">Rae</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Paul_Robinson_(footballer,_born_1982)\" title=\"Paul Robinson (footballer, born 1982)\">Robinson</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/John_Seasman\" title=\"John Seasman\">Seasman</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/John_Shepherd_(footballer,_born_1932)\" title=\"John Shepherd (footballer, born 1932)\">Shepherd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Teddy_Sheringham\" title=\"Teddy Sheringham\">Sheringham</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Alex_Stepney\" title=\"Alex Stepney\">Stepney</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/General_Stevenson\" title=\"General Stevenson\">Stevenson</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Tony_Towner\" title=\"Tony Towner\">Towner</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Phil_Walker_(footballer,_born_1954)\" title=\"Phil Walker (footballer, born 1954)\">Walker</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Keith_Weller\" title=\"Keith Weller\">Weller</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"background:#15317E;color:#fff;;width:1%\">Managers</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Jack_Cock\" title=\"Jack Cock\">Cock</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Reg_Smith\" title=\"Reg Smith\">Smith</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Keith_Stevens\" title=\"Keith Stevens\">Stevens</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>\n<p><br />\n</p>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1263913190\">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+style+.asbox,.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+link+.asbox{margin-top:3em}</style><div role=\"note\" class=\"metadata plainlinks asbox stub\"><table role=\"presentation\"><tbody><tr class=\"noresize\"><td><span style=\"vertical-align:middle; background:transparent; color:inherit;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Flag_of_Scotland.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img alt=\"Flag of Scotland\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/50px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"30\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/75px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/100px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1000\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></a></span><span style=\"margin-left:-50px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Soccerball_mask.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img alt=\"Soccer icon\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Soccerball_mask.svg/50px-Soccerball_mask.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Soccerball_mask.svg/75px-Soccerball_mask.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Soccerball_mask.svg/100px-Soccerball_mask.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"512\" /></a></span></span></span></td><td><p class=\"asbox-body\">This biographical article related to association football in Scotland, about a defender born in the 1920s, is a <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub\" title=\"Wikipedia:Stub\">stub</a>. You can help Wikipedia by <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alex_Jardine&action=edit\">expanding it</a>.</p></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231\"><div class=\"navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini\"><ul><li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Scotland-footy-defender-1920s-stub\" title=\"Template:Scotland-footy-defender-1920s-stub\"><abbr title=\"View this template\">v</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Scotland-footy-defender-1920s-stub\" title=\"Template talk:Scotland-footy-defender-1920s-stub\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\">t</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-edit\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Scotland-footy-defender-1920s-stub\" title=\"Special:EditPage/Template:Scotland-footy-defender-1920s-stub\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8445b8969b‐mwmrx\nCached time: 20241229150743\nCache expiry: 2592000\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary‐revision‐sha1]\nCPU time usage: 0.309 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.463 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 2964/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 32319/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 2218/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 12/100\nExpensive parser function count: 2/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 1/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 21884/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.172/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 4716593/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 421.808 1 -total\n 25.90% 109.250 1 Template:Infobox_football_biography\n 23.43% 98.839 1 Template:Reflist\n 19.72% 83.195 1 Template:Hugman\n 18.53% 78.182 2 Template:Cite_web\n 17.59% 74.208 1 Template:Millwall_F.C._Hall_of_Fame\n 16.31% 68.780 1 Template:Navbox\n 15.20% 64.094 1 Template:Short_description\n 8.65% 36.487 2 Template:Pagetype\n 8.10% 34.186 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:22265178:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241229150743 and revision id 1255207231. 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[o]\" accesskey=\"o\" class=\"\"><span>Log in</span></a>\n</li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t</div>\n\t\n<div id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out\" title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Personal tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item\" title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-sitesupport\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-createaccount\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=San+Juan+United\" title=\"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd\"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-login\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=San+Juan+United\" title=\"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\" accesskey=\"o\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-user-menu-anon-editor\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPages for logged out editors <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction\" aria-label=\"Learn more about editing\"><span>learn more</span></a>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-anoncontribs\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyContributions\" title=\"A list of edits made from this IP address [y]\" accesskey=\"y\"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-anontalk\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyTalk\" title=\"Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]\" accesskey=\"n\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</nav>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t</header>\n</div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-navigation\">\n\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel\" class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\t\n\t\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents</h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-2008_season\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#2008_season\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>2008 season</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-2008_season-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Liga_Nacional\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Liga_Nacional\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Liga Nacional</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Liga_Nacional-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Current_squad\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Current_squad\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Current squad</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Current_squad-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">San Juan United</span></h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 1 language\" >\n\t<label id=\"p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">1 language</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_United\" title=\"San Juan United – Spanish\" lang=\"es\" hreflang=\"es\" data-title=\"San Juan United\" data-language-autonym=\"Español\" data-language-local-name=\"Spanish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Español</span></a></li>\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7414626#sitelinks-wikipedia\" title=\"Edit interlanguage links\" class=\"wbc-editpage\">Edit links</a></span></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n</header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/San_Juan_United\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-talk\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Talk:San_Juan_United\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\" accesskey=\"t\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Change language variant\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">English</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-variants\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"right-navigation\" class=\"vector-collapsible\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Views\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-views\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-view\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/San_Juan_United\"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-edit\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_United&action=edit\" title=\"Edit this page [e]\" accesskey=\"e\"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-history\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_United&action=history\" title=\"Past revisions of this page [h]\" accesskey=\"h\"><span>View history</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools\" class=\"vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"page-tools-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-page-tools\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Tools</div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-cactions\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items\" title=\"More options\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tActions\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-more-view\" class=\"selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/San_Juan_United\"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-more-edit\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_United&action=edit\" title=\"Edit this page [e]\" accesskey=\"e\"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-more-history\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_United&action=history\"><span>View history</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-tb\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tGeneral\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"t-whatlinkshere\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/San_Juan_United\" title=\"List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]\" accesskey=\"j\"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id=\"t-recentchangeslinked\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/San_Juan_United\" rel=\"nofollow\" title=\"Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]\" accesskey=\"k\"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id=\"t-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard\" title=\"Upload files [u]\" accesskey=\"u\"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id=\"t-specialpages\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:SpecialPages\" title=\"A list of all special pages [q]\" 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style=\"display:none\">Soccer club</div><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1257001546\">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1151960987\">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style><table class=\"infobox vcard\"><caption class=\"infobox-title fn org\">San Juan United</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-image\"><span class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:SanJuanUnitedFC.gif\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4d/SanJuanUnitedFC.gif\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"113\" height=\"138\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-file-width=\"113\" data-file-height=\"138\" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; text-align:left\">Full name</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">San Juan United FC</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; text-align:left\">Stadium</th><td class=\"infobox-data label\"><a href=\"/wiki/Rebekah_Colberg\" title=\"Rebekah Colberg\">Rebekah Colberg</a> <br /><a href=\"/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"San Juan, Puerto Rico\">San Juan</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rico\" title=\"Puerto Rico\">Puerto Rico</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; text-align:left\">Chairman</th><td class=\"infobox-data agent\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rico\" title=\"Puerto Rico\"><img alt=\"Puerto Rico\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/45px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></a></span></span> Carlos Sanchez</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; text-align:left\">Manager</th><td class=\"infobox-data agent\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rico\" title=\"Puerto Rico\"><img alt=\"Puerto Rico\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/45px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></a></span></span> Manuel Romero</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap; text-align:left\">League</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><a href=\"/wiki/Liga_Nacional_de_Futbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Liga Nacional de Futbol de Puerto Rico\">Liga Nacional</a></td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p><b>San Juan United FC</b> is a <a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rico\" title=\"Puerto Rico\">Puerto Rican</a> soccer team that plays in the <a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Soccer_League\" title=\"Puerto Rico Soccer League\">Puerto Rico Soccer League</a> 2nd Division.\nThey also play in the <a href=\"/wiki/Liga_Nacional_de_Futbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Liga Nacional de Futbol de Puerto Rico\">Liga Nacional</a>.\n</p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp/toc\" />\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"2008_season\">2008 season</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_United&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: 2008 season\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>The team finished with a record of 3-1-3.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Liga_Nacional\">Liga Nacional</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_United&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: Liga Nacional\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>The team lost their first game 4-0 to <a href=\"/wiki/Club_Deportivo_Gallitos\" title=\"Club Deportivo Gallitos\">Club Deportivo Gallitos</a>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Current_squad\">Current squad</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_United&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: Current squad\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r973156043\">.mw-parser-output .nogrid,.mw-parser-output .nogrid td,.mw-parser-output .nogrid tr,.mw-parser-output .nogrid th{border:0}</style>\n<p><small>Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.</small>\n</p>\n<table role=\"presentation\" border=\"0\">\n\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color:var(--background-color-base, #FFFFFF); color: inherit; vertical-align:top;\">\n<table class=\"wikitable football-squad nogrid\" style=\"display:inline-table;\">\n<caption>\n</caption>\n<tbody><tr>\n<th style=\";\" scope=\"col\"><abbr title=\"Number\">No.</abbr>\n</th>\n<th style=\";\" scope=\"col\"><abbr title=\"Position\">Pos.</abbr> \n</th>\n<th style=\";\" scope=\"col\">Nation\n</th>\n<th style=\";\" scope=\"col\">Player\n</th></tr>\n<tr class=\"vcard agent\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">8\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Forward_(association_football)\" title=\"Forward (association football)\"><abbr title=\"Forward\">FW</abbr></a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"Puerto Rico\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/45px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Football_Federation\" title=\"Puerto Rican Football Federation\">PUR</a></span>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Morales_(footballer)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Francisco Morales (footballer) (page does not exist)\">Francisco Morales</a></span>\n</td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vcard agent\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">10\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Midfielder\" title=\"Midfielder\"><abbr title=\"Midfielder\">MF</abbr></a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"Puerto Rico\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/45px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Football_Federation\" title=\"Puerto Rican Football Federation\">PUR</a></span>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Edwin_Montes&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Edwin Montes (page does not exist)\">Edwin Montes</a></span>\n</td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vcard agent\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">22\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Defender_(association_football)\" title=\"Defender (association football)\"><abbr title=\"Defender\">DF</abbr></a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"Peru\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Peruvian_Football_Federation\" title=\"Peruvian Football Federation\">PER</a></span>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Ortiz_(footballer)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Daniel Ortiz (footballer) (page does not exist)\">Daniel Ortiz</a></span>\n</td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vcard agent\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">23\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Defender_(association_football)\" title=\"Defender (association football)\"><abbr title=\"Defender\">DF</abbr></a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"Puerto Rico\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/45px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Football_Federation\" title=\"Puerto Rican Football Federation\">PUR</a></span>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Jes%C3%BAs_Mart%C3%ADnez_(Puerto_Rican_footballer)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Jesús Martínez (Puerto Rican footballer) (page does not exist)\">Jesús Martínez</a></span>\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n</td>\n<td style=\"background-color:var(--background-color-base, #FFFFFF); color: inherit; vertical-align:top;\">\n<table class=\"wikitable football-squad nogrid\" style=\"display:inline-table;\">\n<caption>\n</caption>\n<tbody><tr>\n<th style=\";\" scope=\"col\"><abbr title=\"Number\">No.</abbr>\n</th>\n<th style=\";\" scope=\"col\"><abbr title=\"Position\">Pos.</abbr> \n</th>\n<th style=\";\" scope=\"col\">Nation\n</th>\n<th style=\";\" scope=\"col\">Player\n</th></tr>\n<tr class=\"vcard agent\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">—\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Defender_(association_football)\" title=\"Defender (association football)\"><abbr title=\"Defender\">DF</abbr></a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"Puerto Rico\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/45px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Football_Federation\" title=\"Puerto Rican Football Federation\">PUR</a></span>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Joshua Martínez (page does not exist)\">Joshua Martínez</a></span>\n</td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vcard agent\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">—\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Forward_(association_football)\" title=\"Forward (association football)\"><abbr title=\"Forward\">FW</abbr></a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"Puerto Rico\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/45px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Football_Federation\" title=\"Puerto Rican Football Federation\">PUR</a></span>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santos_Rivera_(Puerto_Rican_footballer)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Santos Rivera (Puerto Rican footballer) (page does not exist)\">Santos Rivera</a></span>\n</td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vcard agent\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">—\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"Puerto Rico\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/45px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Football_Federation\" title=\"Puerto Rican Football Federation\">PUR</a></span>\n</td>\n<td style=\"padding-right:15px;\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Roberto_D%C3%ADaz_(footballer)\" title=\"Roberto Díaz (footballer)\">Roberto Díaz</a></span>\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_United&action=edit&section=4\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090802044841/http://www.prsoccer.org/index.php?option=com_joomleague&func=showresultsrank&p=2&Itemid=87\">\"Puerto Rico Soccer League - Resultados\"</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.prsoccer.org/index.php?option=com_joomleague&func=showresultsrank&p=2&Itemid=87\">the original</a> on 2009-08-02<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2009-07-16</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Puerto+Rico+Soccer+League+-+Resultados&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prsoccer.org%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_joomleague%26func%3Dshowresultsrank%26p%3D2%26Itemid%3D87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Juan+United\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1129693374\">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Liga_Nacional_de_Fútbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239400231\">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:\"[ \"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:\" ]\"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class=\"navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini\"><ul><li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Liga_Nacional_de_Futbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"Template:Liga Nacional de Futbol de Puerto Rico\"><abbr title=\"View this template\">v</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Liga_Nacional_de_Futbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"Template talk:Liga Nacional de Futbol de Puerto Rico\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\">t</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-edit\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Liga_Nacional_de_Futbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"Special:EditPage/Template:Liga Nacional de Futbol de Puerto Rico\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id=\"Liga_Nacional_de_Fútbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"/wiki/Liga_Nacional_de_F%C3%BAtbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico\">Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Teams</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Academia_Quintana\" title=\"Academia Quintana\">Academia Quintana</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Mayag%C3%BCez_FC\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Mayagüez FC\">Alianza–Yaguez</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Atl%C3%A9ticos_de_Levittown_FC\" title=\"Atléticos de Levittown FC\">Atléticos Levittown</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Bayam%C3%B3n\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Puerto Rico Bayamón\">Bayamón FC</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Criollos_de_Caguas_FC\" title=\"Criollos de Caguas FC\">Criollos de Caguas</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Club_de_F%C3%BAtbol_Fraigcomar\" title=\"Club de Fútbol Fraigcomar\">Fraigcomar San Juan</a></li>\n<li>Guayama FC</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Maunabo_Leones\" title=\"Maunabo Leones\">Leones de Maunabo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Sevilla_FC_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"Sevilla FC Puerto Rico\">Sevilla FC Puerto Rico</a></li>\n<li>Universitarios FC</li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Seasons</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/2013_Liga_Nacional_de_F%C3%BAtbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"2013 Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico\">2013</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2014_Liga_Nacional_de_F%C3%BAtbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"2014 Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico\">2014</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2015_Liga_Nacional_de_F%C3%BAtbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"2015 Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico\">2015</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2016_Liga_Nacional_de_F%C3%BAtbol_de_Puerto_Rico\" title=\"2016 Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico\">2016</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2017_Liga_Nacional_de_F%C3%BAtbol_de_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"2017 Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico (page does not exist)\">2017</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2018_Liga_Nacional_de_F%C3%BAtbol_de_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"2018 Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico (page does not exist)\">2018</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2019_Liga_Nacional_de_F%C3%BAtbol_de_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"2019 Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico (page does not exist)\">2019</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2020_Liga_Nacional_de_F%C3%BAtbol_de_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"2020 Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico (page does not exist)\">2020</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1263913190\">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+style+.asbox,.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+link+.asbox{margin-top:3em}</style><div role=\"note\" class=\"metadata plainlinks asbox stub\"><table role=\"presentation\"><tbody><tr class=\"noresize\"><td><span style=\"vertical-align:middle; background:transparent; color:inherit;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img alt=\"Flag of Puerto Rico\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/50px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"33\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/75px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/100px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></a></span><span style=\"margin-left:-50px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Soccerball_mask.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img alt=\"Soccer icon\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Soccerball_mask.svg/50px-Soccerball_mask.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Soccerball_mask.svg/75px-Soccerball_mask.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Soccerball_mask.svg/100px-Soccerball_mask.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"512\" /></a></span></span></span></td><td><p class=\"asbox-body\">This article about a Puerto Rican <a href=\"/wiki/Association_football\" title=\"Association football\">football</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Football_team\" title=\"Football team\">club</a> is a <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub\" title=\"Wikipedia:Stub\">stub</a>. 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id=\"n-currentevents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:Current_events\" title=\"Articles related to current events\"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id=\"n-randompage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:Random\" title=\"Visit a randomly selected article [x]\" accesskey=\"x\"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id=\"n-aboutsite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:About\" title=\"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id=\"n-contactpage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us\" title=\"How to contact Wikipedia\"><span>Contact us</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t\n<div id=\"p-interaction\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tContribute\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"n-help\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Contents\" title=\"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id=\"n-introduction\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction\" title=\"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id=\"n-portal\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal\" title=\"The hub for editors\"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id=\"n-recentchanges\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:RecentChanges\" title=\"A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]\" accesskey=\"r\"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id=\"n-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard\" title=\"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\"><span>Upload file</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\n<a href=\"/wiki/Main_Page\" class=\"mw-logo\">\n\t<img class=\"mw-logo-icon\" src=\"/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png\" alt=\"\" aria-hidden=\"true\" height=\"50\" width=\"50\">\n\t<span class=\"mw-logo-container skin-invert\">\n\t\t<img class=\"mw-logo-wordmark\" alt=\"Wikipedia\" src=\"/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg\" style=\"width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;\">\n\t\t<img class=\"mw-logo-tagline\" alt=\"The Free Encyclopedia\" src=\"/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg\" width=\"117\" height=\"13\" style=\"width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;\">\n\t</span>\n</a>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-end\">\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-search\" role=\"search\" class=\"vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box\">\n\t<a href=\"/wiki/Special:Search\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search\"></span>\n\n<span>Search</span>\n\t</a>\n\t<div class=\"vector-typeahead-search-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width\">\n\t\t\t<form action=\"/w/index.php\" id=\"searchform\" class=\"cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"simpleSearch\" class=\"cdx-search-input__input-wrapper\" data-search-loc=\"header-moved\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"cdx-text-input__input\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\" aria-label=\"Search Wikipedia\" autocapitalize=\"sentences\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"searchInput\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon\"></span>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title\" value=\"Special:Search\">\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button\">Search</button>\n\t\t\t</form>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide\" aria-label=\"Personal tools\">\n\t<div class=\"vector-user-links-main\">\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-preferences\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-userpage\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown \" title=\"Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Appearance\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Appearance</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t</nav>\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-notifications\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-overflow\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-sitesupport-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" class=\"\"><span>Donate</span></a>\n</li>\n<li id=\"pt-createaccount-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Tour+de+Normandie\" title=\"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\" class=\"\"><span>Create account</span></a>\n</li>\n<li id=\"pt-login-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Tour+de+Normandie\" title=\"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\" accesskey=\"o\" class=\"\"><span>Log in</span></a>\n</li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t</div>\n\t\n<div id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out\" title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Personal tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item\" title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-sitesupport\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-createaccount\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Tour+de+Normandie\" title=\"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd\"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-login\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Tour+de+Normandie\" title=\"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\" accesskey=\"o\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-user-menu-anon-editor\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPages for logged out editors <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction\" aria-label=\"Learn more about editing\"><span>learn more</span></a>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-anoncontribs\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyContributions\" title=\"A list of edits made from this IP address [y]\" accesskey=\"y\"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-anontalk\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyTalk\" title=\"Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]\" accesskey=\"n\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</nav>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t</header>\n</div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-navigation\">\n\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel\" class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\t\n\t\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents</h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Winners\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Winners\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Winners</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Winners-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"></span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Winners subsection</span>\n\t\t\t</button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Winners-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"toc-Men's_race\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Men's_race\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.1</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Men's race</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Men's_race-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Women's_race\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Women's_race\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.2</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Women's race</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Women's_race-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">Tour de Normandie</span></h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages\" >\n\t<label id=\"p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">14 languages</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%88_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A\" title=\"تور دو نورماندي – Arabic\" lang=\"ar\" hreflang=\"ar\" data-title=\"تور دو نورماندي\" data-language-autonym=\"العربية\" data-language-local-name=\"Arabic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_Normandia\" title=\"Tour de Normandia – Catalan\" lang=\"ca\" hreflang=\"ca\" data-title=\"Tour de Normandia\" data-language-autonym=\"Català\" data-language-local-name=\"Catalan\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_Normandie\" title=\"Tour de Normandie – Danish\" lang=\"da\" hreflang=\"da\" data-title=\"Tour de Normandie\" data-language-autonym=\"Dansk\" data-language-local-name=\"Danish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_Normandie\" title=\"Tour de Normandie – German\" lang=\"de\" hreflang=\"de\" data-title=\"Tour de Normandie\" data-language-autonym=\"Deutsch\" data-language-local-name=\"German\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_Normand%C3%ADa\" title=\"Tour de Normandía – Spanish\" lang=\"es\" hreflang=\"es\" data-title=\"Tour de Normandía\" data-language-autonym=\"Español\" data-language-local-name=\"Spanish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_Normandie\" title=\"Tour de Normandie – Faroese\" lang=\"fo\" hreflang=\"fo\" data-title=\"Tour de Normandie\" data-language-autonym=\"Føroyskt\" data-language-local-name=\"Faroese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_Normandie\" title=\"Tour de Normandie – French\" lang=\"fr\" hreflang=\"fr\" data-title=\"Tour de Normandie\" data-language-autonym=\"Français\" data-language-local-name=\"French\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_Normandie\" title=\"Tour de Normandie – Italian\" lang=\"it\" hreflang=\"it\" data-title=\"Tour de Normandie\" data-language-autonym=\"Italiano\" data-language-local-name=\"Italian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_Normandie\" title=\"Tour de Normandie – Luxembourgish\" lang=\"lb\" hreflang=\"lb\" data-title=\"Tour de Normandie\" data-language-autonym=\"Lëtzebuergesch\" data-language-local-name=\"Luxembourgish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronde_van_Normandi%C3%AB\" title=\"Ronde van Normandië – Dutch\" lang=\"nl\" hreflang=\"nl\" data-title=\"Ronde van Normandië\" data-language-autonym=\"Nederlands\" data-language-local-name=\"Dutch\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandie_rundt\" title=\"Normandie rundt – Norwegian Bokmål\" lang=\"nb\" hreflang=\"nb\" data-title=\"Normandie rundt\" data-language-autonym=\"Norsk bokmål\" data-language-local-name=\"Norwegian Bokmål\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_Normandie\" title=\"Tour de Normandie – Polish\" lang=\"pl\" hreflang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Tour de Normandie\" data-language-autonym=\"Polski\" data-language-local-name=\"Polish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volta_%C3%A0_Normandia\" title=\"Volta à Normandia – Portuguese\" lang=\"pt\" hreflang=\"pt\" data-title=\"Volta à Normandia\" data-language-autonym=\"Português\" data-language-local-name=\"Portuguese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8\" title=\"Тур Нормандии – Russian\" lang=\"ru\" hreflang=\"ru\" data-title=\"Тур Нормандии\" data-language-autonym=\"Русский\" data-language-local-name=\"Russian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Русский</span></a></li>\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2297177#sitelinks-wikipedia\" title=\"Edit interlanguage links\" class=\"wbc-editpage\">Edit links</a></span></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n</header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Tour_de_Normandie\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-talk\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Talk:Tour_de_Normandie\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discuss improvements to the content 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class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"mw-indicators\">\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"siteSub\" class=\"noprint\">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentSub\"><div id=\"mw-content-subtitle\"></div></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">French multi-day road cycling race</div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1257001546\">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class=\"infobox\"><caption class=\"infobox-title\">Tour de Normandie</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-image\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Tour_de_Normandie_2010.png\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tour_de_Normandie_2010.png/300px-Tour_de_Normandie_2010.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"208\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tour_de_Normandie_2010.png/450px-Tour_de_Normandie_2010.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tour_de_Normandie_2010.png/600px-Tour_de_Normandie_2010.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1242\" data-file-height=\"860\" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-header\" style=\"background:#ccccff\">Race details</th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Date</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">March</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Region</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">Normandie, France</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Discipline</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><a href=\"/wiki/Road_bicycle_racing\" title=\"Road bicycle racing\">Road</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Competition</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><a href=\"/wiki/UCI_Europe_Tour\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"UCI Europe Tour\">UCI Europe Tour</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Web site</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"url\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.tourdenormandiecycliste.fr/\">www<wbr />.tourdenormandiecycliste<wbr />.fr</a></span> <span class=\"mw-valign-text-top noprint\" typeof=\"mw:File/Frameless\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297177#P856\" title=\"Edit this at Wikidata\"><img alt=\"Edit this at Wikidata\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"10\" height=\"10\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"20\" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-header\" style=\"background:#ccccff\">History</th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">First edition</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">1939<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">1939</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Editions</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">45 (as of 2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">First winner</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Guillaume_Godere&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Guillaume Godere (page does not exist)\">Guillaume Godere</a> <span style=\"font-size:90%;\">(<abbr title=\"France\">FRA</abbr>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Most wins</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Yvan_Frebert\" title=\"Yvan Frebert\">Yvan Frebert</a> <span style=\"font-size:90%;\">(<abbr title=\"France\">FRA</abbr>)</span><br /><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Kai_Reus\" title=\"Kai Reus\">Kai Reus</a> <span style=\"font-size:90%;\">(<abbr title=\"Netherlands\">NED</abbr>)</span><br /><i>(2 wins)</i></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Most recent</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Mathis_Le_Berre\" title=\"Mathis Le Berre\">Mathis Le Berre</a> <span style=\"font-size:90%;\">(<abbr title=\"France\">FRA</abbr>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p><b>Tour de Normandie</b> is a <a href=\"/wiki/Road_bicycle_race\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Road bicycle race\">road bicycle race</a> held annually in the region of <a href=\"/wiki/Normandy\" title=\"Normandy\">Normandy</a>, France. The race started in 1939, but was not held in the periods of 1940–1955 and 1960–1980. It was originally a race for amateurs, but was opened for professionals in 1996. The Tour de Normandie has been one of the races in the <a href=\"/wiki/UCI_Europe_Tour\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"UCI Europe Tour\">UCI Europe Tour</a> since 2005, in the 2.2 category.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> The race was not held in 2020 and 2021 due to the <a href=\"/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic\" title=\"COVID-19 pandemic\">COVID-19 pandemic</a><sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> The first edition of the women's race was held in March 2023 and was won by <a href=\"/wiki/C%C3%A9drine_Kerbaol\" title=\"Cédrine Kerbaol\">Cédrine Kerbaol</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp/toc\" />\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Winners\">Winners</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Tour_de_Normandie&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Winners\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Men's_race\"><span id=\"Men.27s_race\"></span>Men's race</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Tour_de_Normandie&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: Men's race\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<table class=\"wikitable plainrowheaders sortable\">\n\n<tbody><tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">Year\n</th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Country\n</th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Rider\n</th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Team\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1939\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Godere, Guillaume\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Guillaume_Godere&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Guillaume Godere (page does not exist)\">Guillaume Godere</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><i>individual</i>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1940–<br />1955\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\" colspan=\"4\"><span data-sort-value=\"~ !\"><b>No race</b></span>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1956\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Audaire, Amand\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Amand_Audaire\" title=\"Amand Audaire\">Amand Audaire</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Arrow%E2%80%93Hutchinson&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Arrow–Hutchinson (page does not exist)\">Arrow–Hutchinson</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1957\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Gouget, Pierre\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Pierre_Gouget\" title=\"Pierre Gouget\">Pierre Gouget</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Mercier%E2%80%93BP%E2%80%93Hutchinson\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Mercier–BP–Hutchinson\">Mercier–BP–Hutchinson</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1958\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Wasko, Joseph\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Joseph_Wasko\" title=\"Joseph Wasko\">Joseph Wasko</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Alcyon%E2%80%93Dunlop\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Alcyon–Dunlop\">Alcyon–Dunlop</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1959\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Leboulanger, Bernard\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Bernard_Leboulanger&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Bernard Leboulanger (page does not exist)\">Bernard Leboulanger</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1960–<br />1980\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\" colspan=\"4\"><span data-sort-value=\"~ !\"><b>No race</b></span>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1981\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Riou, Michel\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Michel_Riou&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Michel Riou (page does not exist)\">Michel Riou</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1982\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Leveau, Daniel\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Leveau&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Daniel Leveau (page does not exist)\">Daniel Leveau</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1983\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Frebert, Yvan\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Yvan_Frebert\" title=\"Yvan Frebert\">Yvan Frebert</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1984\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"GDR !\"><span data-sort-value=\"East Germany\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1000\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/East_Germany\" title=\"East Germany\">East Germany</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Kummer, Mario\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Mario_Kummer\" title=\"Mario Kummer\">Mario Kummer</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1985\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"GBR !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Great Britain\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1200\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/United_Kingdom\" title=\"United Kingdom\">Great Britain</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Curran, Paul\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Paul_Curran_(cyclist)\" title=\"Paul Curran (cyclist)\">Paul Curran</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1986\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"BUL !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Bulgaria\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1000\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Bulgaria\" title=\"Bulgaria\">Bulgaria</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Staikov, Nentcho\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Nentcho_Staikov\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Nentcho Staikov\">Nentcho Staikov</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1987\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Frebert, Yvan\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Yvan_Frebert\" title=\"Yvan Frebert\">Yvan Frebert</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1988\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"URS !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Soviet Union\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1200\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Soviet_Union\" title=\"Soviet Union\">Soviet Union</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Ekimov, Viatcheslav\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Viatcheslav_Ekimov\" title=\"Viatcheslav Ekimov\">Viatcheslav Ekimov</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1989\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Flicher, Sebastien\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A9bastien_Flicher&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Sébastien Flicher (page does not exist)\">Sébastien Flicher</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1990\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"URS !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Soviet Union\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1200\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Soviet_Union\" title=\"Soviet Union\">Soviet Union</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Zhdanov, Dimitri\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Dimitri_Zhdanov\" title=\"Dimitri Zhdanov\">Dimitri Zhdanov</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1991\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Heulot, Stephane\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Heulot\" title=\"Stéphane Heulot\">Stéphane Heulot</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1992\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Dupuy, Thierry\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Thierry_Dupuy&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Thierry Dupuy (page does not exist)\">Thierry Dupuy</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1993\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Mallet, Emmanuel\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Emmanuel_Mallet&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Emmanuel Mallet (page does not exist)\">Emmanuel Mallet</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1994\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"LTU !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Lithuania\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1000\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Lithuania\" title=\"Lithuania\">Lithuania</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Sarkauskas, Saulius\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Saulius_%C5%A0arkauskas\" title=\"Saulius Šarkauskas\">Saulius Šarkauskas</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1995\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NOR !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Norway\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"372\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Sigurd Simensen, Ole\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Ole_Sigurd_Simensen&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Ole Sigurd Simensen (page does not exist)\">Ole Sigurd Simensen</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1996\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Pontier, Frederic\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Pontier\" title=\"Frédéric Pontier\">Frédéric Pontier</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/St._Michel%E2%80%93Mavic%E2%80%93Auber93_(men%27s_team)\" title=\"St. Michel–Mavic–Auber93 (men's team)\">Aubervilliers 93</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1997\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"SWE !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Sweden\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1600\" data-file-height=\"1000\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden\">Sweden</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Magnusson, Glenn\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Glenn_Magnusson\" title=\"Glenn Magnusson\">Glenn Magnusson</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Amore_%26_Vita\" title=\"Amore & Vita\">Amore & Vita–ForzArcore</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1998\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"GER !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Germany\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1000\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Germany\" title=\"Germany\">Germany</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Schmidt, Torsten\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Torsten_Schmidt_(cyclist)\" title=\"Torsten Schmidt (cyclist)\">Torsten Schmidt</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Team_Chicky_World\" title=\"Team Chicky World\">Chicky World</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">1999\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NOR !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Norway\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"372\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Kjaergaard, Steffen\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Steffen_Kj%C3%A6rgaard\" title=\"Steffen Kjærgaard\">Steffen Kjærgaard</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Team_Chicky_World\" title=\"Team Chicky World\">Chicky World</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2000\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Auger, Ludovic\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Ludovic_Auger\" title=\"Ludovic Auger\">Ludovic Auger</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/BigMat%E2%80%93Auber_93\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"BigMat–Auber 93\">BigMat–Auber 93</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2001\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NOR !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Norway\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"372\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Hushovd, Thor\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Thor_Hushovd\" title=\"Thor Hushovd\">Thor Hushovd</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Cr%C3%A9dit_Agricole_(cycling_team)\" title=\"Crédit Agricole (cycling team)\">Crédit Agricole</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2002\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Pineau, Jerome\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Pineau\" title=\"Jérôme Pineau\">Jérôme Pineau</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Team_TotalEnergies\" title=\"Team TotalEnergies\">Bonjour</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2003\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Dumoulin, Samuel\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Samuel_Dumoulin\" title=\"Samuel Dumoulin\">Samuel Dumoulin</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/R.A.G.T._Semences\" title=\"R.A.G.T. Semences\">Jean Delatour</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2004\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NED !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Netherlands\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Netherlands\" title=\"Netherlands\">Netherlands</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Dekker, Thomas\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Thomas_Dekker_(cyclist)\" title=\"Thomas Dekker (cyclist)\">Thomas Dekker</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Rabobank_Development_Team\" title=\"Rabobank Development Team\">Rabobank GS3</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2005\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NED !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Netherlands\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Netherlands\" title=\"Netherlands\">Netherlands</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Reus, Kai\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Kai_Reus\" title=\"Kai Reus\">Kai Reus</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Rabobank_Development_Team\" title=\"Rabobank Development Team\">Rabobank Continental Team</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2006\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NED !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Netherlands\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Netherlands\" title=\"Netherlands\">Netherlands</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Reus, Kai\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Kai_Reus\" title=\"Kai Reus\">Kai Reus</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Rabobank_Development_Team\" title=\"Rabobank Development Team\">Rabobank Continental Team</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2007\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NED !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Netherlands\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Netherlands\" title=\"Netherlands\">Netherlands</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Maaskant, Martijn\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Martijn_Maaskant\" title=\"Martijn Maaskant\">Martijn Maaskant</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Rabobank_Development_Team\" title=\"Rabobank Development Team\">Rabobank Continental Team</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2008\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Dalibard, Antoine\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Antoine_Dalibard\" title=\"Antoine Dalibard\">Antoine Dalibard</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Ark%C3%A9a%E2%80%93B%26B_Hotels\" title=\"Arkéa–B&B Hotels\">Bretagne–Armor Lux</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2009\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NED !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Netherlands\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Netherlands\" title=\"Netherlands\">Netherlands</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Schmitz, Bram\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Bram_Schmitz\" title=\"Bram Schmitz\">Bram Schmitz</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Van_Vliet-EBH\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Van Vliet-EBH\">Van Vliet EBH Elshof</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2010\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NED !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Netherlands\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Netherlands\" title=\"Netherlands\">Netherlands</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"van Zandbeek, Ronan\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Ronan_van_Zandbeek\" title=\"Ronan van Zandbeek\">Ronan van Zandbeek</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Van_Vliet-EBH\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Van Vliet-EBH\">Van Vliet EBH Elshof</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2011\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Blain, Alexandre\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Alexandre_Blain\" title=\"Alexandre Blain\">Alexandre Blain</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Endura_Racing\" title=\"Endura Racing\">Endura Racing</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2012\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Cousin, Jerome\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Cousin\" title=\"Jérôme Cousin\">Jérôme Cousin</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Team_TotalEnergies\" title=\"Team TotalEnergies\">Team Europcar</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2013\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"SUI !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Switzerland\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"512\" /></span></span>  </span><a href=\"/wiki/Switzerland\" title=\"Switzerland\">Switzerland</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Dillier, Silvan\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Silvan_Dillier\" title=\"Silvan Dillier\">Silvan Dillier</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/BMC_Development_Team\" title=\"BMC Development Team\">BMC Development Team</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2014\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"SUI !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Switzerland\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"512\" /></span></span>  </span><a href=\"/wiki/Switzerland\" title=\"Switzerland\">Switzerland</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Kung, Stefan\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Stefan_K%C3%BCng\" title=\"Stefan Küng\">Stefan Küng</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/BMC_Development_Team\" title=\"BMC Development Team\">BMC Development Team</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2015\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"BEL !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Belgium\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Belgium\" title=\"Belgium\">Belgium</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Claeys, Dimitri\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Dimitri_Claeys\" title=\"Dimitri Claeys\">Dimitri Claeys</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A9randas_Willems%E2%80%93Crelan\" title=\"Vérandas Willems–Crelan\">Verandas Willems</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2016<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"BEL !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Belgium\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Belgium\" title=\"Belgium\">Belgium</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Planckaert, Baptiste\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Baptiste_Planckaert\" title=\"Baptiste Planckaert\">Baptiste Planckaert</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Wagner_Bazin_WB\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Wagner Bazin WB\">Wallonie-Bruxelles–Group Protect</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2017<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Delaplace, Anthony\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Anthony_Delaplace\" title=\"Anthony Delaplace\">Anthony Delaplace</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Ark%C3%A9a%E2%80%93B%26B_Hotels\" title=\"Arkéa–B&B Hotels\">Fortuneo–Vital Concept</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2018<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"GBR !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Great Britain\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1200\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/United_Kingdom\" title=\"United Kingdom\">Great Britain</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Stewart, Tom\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Tom_Stewart_(cyclist)\" title=\"Tom Stewart (cyclist)\">Tom Stewart</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/JLT%E2%80%93Condor\" title=\"JLT–Condor\">JLT–Condor</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2019<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NOR !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Norway\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"372\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Forfang, Ole\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Ole_Forfang\" title=\"Ole Forfang\">Ole Forfang</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Joker_Fuel_of_Norway\" title=\"Joker Fuel of Norway\">Joker Fuel of Norway</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2020<br />2021<sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\" colspan=\"4\"><span data-sort-value=\"~ !\"><b>No race</b> due to <a href=\"/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic\" title=\"COVID-19 pandemic\">COVID-19 pandemic</a></span>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2022\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Le Berre, Mathis\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Mathis_Le_Berre\" title=\"Mathis Le Berre\">Mathis Le Berre</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td>Côtes d'Armor-Marie Morin-U\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Women's_race\"><span id=\"Women.27s_race\"></span>Women's race</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Tour_de_Normandie&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: Women's race\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<table class=\"wikitable plainrowheaders sortable\">\n\n<tbody><tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">Year\n</th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Country\n</th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Rider\n</th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Team\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2023\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"FRA !\"><span data-sort-value=\"France\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Kerbaol, Cédrine\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/C%C3%A9drine_Kerbaol\" title=\"Cédrine Kerbaol\">Cédrine Kerbaol</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Ceratizit%E2%80%93WNT_Pro_Cycling\" title=\"Ceratizit–WNT Pro Cycling\">Ceratizit–WNT Pro Cycling</a>\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;\">2024\n</td>\n<td><span data-sort-value=\"NOR !\"><span data-sort-value=\"Norway\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"372\" /></span></span> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a></span></span>\n</td>\n<th scope=\"row\"><span data-sort-value=\"Bjørndal Ottestad, Mie\"><span class=\"vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"/wiki/Mie_Bj%C3%B8rndal_Ottestad\" title=\"Mie Bjørndal Ottestad\">Mie Bjørndal Ottestad</a></span></span></span>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Uno-X_Mobility_(women%27s_team)\" title=\"Uno-X Mobility (women's team)\">Uno-X Mobility</a>\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Tour_de_Normandie&action=edit&section=4\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.uci.org/competition-details/2022/ROA/67021\">\"Tour de Normandie\"</a>. <i>UCI</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UCI&rft.atitle=Tour+de+Normandie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uci.org%2Fcompetition-details%2F2022%2FROA%2F67021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATour+de+Normandie\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/normandie/calvados/apres-trois-ans-d-absence-le-tour-de-normandie-revient-ce-lundi-pour-sa-40e-edition-2505589.html\">\"Après deux ans d'absence, le Tour de Normandie revient ce lundi pour sa 40e édition\"</a>. <i>France 3 Normandie</i> (in French). 20 March 2022<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+3+Normandie&rft.atitle=Apr%C3%A8s+deux+ans+d%27absence%2C+le+Tour+de+Normandie+revient+ce+lundi+pour+sa+40e+%C3%A9dition&rft.date=2022-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffrance3-regions.francetvinfo.fr%2Fnormandie%2Fcalvados%2Fapres-trois-ans-d-absence-le-tour-de-normandie-revient-ce-lundi-pour-sa-40e-edition-2505589.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATour+de+Normandie\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFTyson2023\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Tyson, Jackie (19 March 2023). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.cyclingnews.com/races/tour-de-normandie-feminin-2023/stage-3/results/\">\"Tour de Normandie Féminin: Kerbaol holds on for overall title at inaugural stage race\"</a>. <i>cyclingnews.com</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">20 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cyclingnews.com&rft.atitle=Tour+de+Normandie+F%C3%A9minin%3A+Kerbaol+holds+on+for+overall+title+at+inaugural+stage+race&rft.date=2023-03-19&rft.aulast=Tyson&rft.aufirst=Jackie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cyclingnews.com%2Fraces%2Ftour-de-normandie-feminin-2023%2Fstage-3%2Fresults%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATour+de+Normandie\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://pezcyclingnews.com/interviews/baptiste-planckaert-gets-pezd/\">\"Baptiste Planckaert Gets PEZ'd\"</a>. <i>PezCycling News</i>. 19 December 2016<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PezCycling+News&rft.atitle=Baptiste+Planckaert+Gets+PEZ%27d&rft.date=2016-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpezcyclingnews.com%2Finterviews%2Fbaptiste-planckaert-gets-pezd%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATour+de+Normandie\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.francebleu.fr/sports/cyclisme/le-manchois-anthony-delaplace-remporte-le-tour-de-normandie-2017-1490550388\">\"Le Manchois Anthony Delaplace remporte le Tour de Normandie 2017\"</a>. <i>France Bleu</i> (in French). 26 March 2017<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+Bleu&rft.atitle=Le+Manchois+Anthony+Delaplace+remporte+le+Tour+de+Normandie+2017&rft.date=2017-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.francebleu.fr%2Fsports%2Fcyclisme%2Fle-manchois-anthony-delaplace-remporte-le-tour-de-normandie-2017-1490550388&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATour+de+Normandie\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFWynn2018\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Wynn, Nigel (26 March 2018). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.cyclingweekly.com/news/latest-news/dont-know-weve-done-tom-stewart-becomes-first-brit-win-tour-de-normandie-since-1985-374441\">\"<span class=\"cs1-kern-left\"></span>'I don't know how we've done it': Tom Stewart becomes first Brit to win Tour de Normandie since 1985\"</a>. <i>cyclingweekly.com</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cyclingweekly.com&rft.atitle=%27I+don%E2%80%99t+know+how+we%E2%80%99ve+done+it%27%3A+Tom+Stewart+becomes+first+Brit+to+win+Tour+de+Normandie+since+1985&rft.date=2018-03-26&rft.aulast=Wynn&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cyclingweekly.com%2Fnews%2Flatest-news%2Fdont-know-weve-done-tom-stewart-becomes-first-brit-win-tour-de-normandie-since-1985-374441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATour+de+Normandie\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.velouk.net/2018/03/26/team-news-tom-stewart-wins-tour-of-normandie/\">\"Team News: Tom Stewart wins Tour of Normandie | velouk.net\"</a>. <i>velouk.net</i>. 26 March 2018<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=velouk.net&rft.atitle=Team+News%3A+Tom+Stewart+wins+Tour+of+Normandie+%7C+velouk.net&rft.date=2018-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.velouk.net%2F2018%2F03%2F26%2Fteam-news-tom-stewart-wins-tour-of-normandie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATour+de+Normandie\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFVergouwen\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Vergouwen, Thomas. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.velowire.com/UCIcyclingcalendar/race/4086/tour-de-normandie.html\">\"2019 UCI cycling calendar | 2019 Tour de Normandie :: velowire.com :: (photos, videos + actualités cyclisme)\"</a>. <i>velowire.com</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=velowire.com&rft.atitle=2019+UCI+cycling+calendar+%7C+2019+Tour+de+Normandie+%3A%3A+velowire.com+%3A%3A+%28photos%2C+videos+%2B+actualit%C3%A9s+cyclisme%29&rft.aulast=Vergouwen&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.velowire.com%2FUCIcyclingcalendar%2Frace%2F4086%2Ftour-de-normandie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATour+de+Normandie\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFFrattini2021\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Frattini, Kirsten (22 January 2021). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.cyclingnews.com/news/organisers-cancel-tour-de-normandie-amid-covid-19-surge/\">\"Organisers cancel Tour de Normandie amid COVID-19 surge\"</a>. <i>cyclingnews.com</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cyclingnews.com&rft.atitle=Organisers+cancel+Tour+de+Normandie+amid+COVID-19+surge&rft.date=2021-01-22&rft.aulast=Frattini&rft.aufirst=Kirsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cyclingnews.com%2Fnews%2Forganisers-cancel-tour-de-normandie-amid-covid-19-surge%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATour+de+Normandie\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"External_links\">External links</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Tour_de_Normandie&action=edit&section=5\" title=\"Edit section: External links\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><span class=\"official-website\"><span class=\"url\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.tourdenormandiecycliste.fr/\">Official website</a></span></span> <span class=\"languageicon\">(in French)</span></li></ul>\n<p><br />\n</p>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1263913190\">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+style+.asbox,.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+link+.asbox{margin-top:3em}</style><div role=\"note\" class=\"metadata plainlinks asbox stub\"><table role=\"presentation\"><tbody><tr class=\"noresize\"><td><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:USDOT_highway_sign_bicycle_symbol_-_white_on_green.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img alt=\"Stub icon 2\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/USDOT_highway_sign_bicycle_symbol_-_white_on_green.svg/30px-USDOT_highway_sign_bicycle_symbol_-_white_on_green.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"30\" height=\"17\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/USDOT_highway_sign_bicycle_symbol_-_white_on_green.svg/45px-USDOT_highway_sign_bicycle_symbol_-_white_on_green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/USDOT_highway_sign_bicycle_symbol_-_white_on_green.svg/60px-USDOT_highway_sign_bicycle_symbol_-_white_on_green.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"653\" data-file-height=\"379\" /></a></span> <span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img alt=\"Stub icon 2\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"30\" height=\"20\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></a></span></td><td><p class=\"asbox-body\">This cycling race article related to French cycling is a <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub\" title=\"Wikipedia:Stub\">stub</a>. 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id=\"toc-Description\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Description\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Description</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Description-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-History\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#History\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>History</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-History-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"></span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle History subsection</span>\n\t\t\t</button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-History-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"toc-Events\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Events\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2.1</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Events</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Events-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Safety\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Safety\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2.2</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Safety</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Safety-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-See_also\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#See_also\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>See also</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-See_also-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">Santa Ana River Trail</span></h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"This article exist only 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Add the article for other languages\" >\n\t<label id=\"p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Add languages</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"uls-after-portlet-link\"></span><span class=\"wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7419169#sitelinks-wikipedia\" title=\"Add interlanguage links\" class=\"wbc-editpage\">Add links</a></span></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n</header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Santa_Ana_River_Trail\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-talk\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Talk:Santa_Ana_River_Trail\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\" accesskey=\"t\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Change language variant\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">English</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-variants\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"right-navigation\" class=\"vector-collapsible\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Views\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-views\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-view\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Santa_Ana_River_Trail\"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-edit\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=edit\" title=\"Edit this page [e]\" accesskey=\"e\"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-history\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=history\" title=\"Past revisions of this page [h]\" accesskey=\"h\"><span>View history</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools\" class=\"vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"page-tools-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-page-tools\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Tools</div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-cactions\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet 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href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&oldid=1240440462\" title=\"Permanent link to this revision of this page\"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id=\"t-info\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=info\" title=\"More information about this page\"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id=\"t-cite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&id=1240440462&wpFormIdentifier=titleform\" title=\"Information on how to cite this page\"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id=\"t-urlshortener\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSanta_Ana_River_Trail\"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id=\"t-urlshortener-qrcode\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSanta_Ana_River_Trail\"><span>Download QR 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projects\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Santa_Ana_River_Trail\" hreflang=\"en\"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id=\"t-wikibase\" class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7419169\" title=\"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\" accesskey=\"g\"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div 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class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"bodyContent\" class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"mw-indicators\">\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"siteSub\" class=\"noprint\">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentSub\"><div id=\"mw-content-subtitle\"></div></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Multi-use trail in Southern California, US</div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1257001546\">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class=\"infobox\"><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-above\" style=\"background-color:lightgray\">Santa Ana River Trail</th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-image\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Santa_Ana_River_and_Path.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Santa_Ana_River_and_Path.jpg/250px-Santa_Ana_River_and_Path.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"167\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Santa_Ana_River_and_Path.jpg/375px-Santa_Ana_River_and_Path.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Santa_Ana_River_and_Path.jpg/500px-Santa_Ana_River_and_Path.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3899\" data-file-height=\"2611\" /></a></span><div class=\"infobox-caption\">A photo of the trail in <a href=\"/wiki/Huntington_Beach,_California\" title=\"Huntington Beach, California\">Huntington Beach</a>, looking upstream</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Length</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">30 miles (48 km)</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Location</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><a href=\"/wiki/Orange_County,_California\" title=\"Orange County, California\">Orange</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Riverside_County,_California\" title=\"Riverside County, California\">Riverside</a> counties, <a href=\"/wiki/California\" title=\"California\">California</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/United_States\" title=\"United States\">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Designation</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><a href=\"/wiki/National_Recreation_Trail\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"National Recreation Trail\">National Recreation Trail</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\"><a href=\"/wiki/Trailhead\" title=\"Trailhead\">Trailheads</a></th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><a href=\"/wiki/Huntington_State_Beach\" title=\"Huntington State Beach\">Huntington State Beach</a><br /><span class=\"geo-inline\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1156832818\">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&params=33.631580291711_N_117.95868708027_W_\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">33°37′54″N</span> <span class=\"longitude\">117°57′31″W</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\"> / </span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">33.63158029171084°N 117.95868708027068°W</span><span style=\"display:none\"> / <span class=\"geo\">33.63158029171084; -117.95868708027068</span></span></span></a></span></span><br /><span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(southwest)</span><br /><span class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/California_71.svg/23px-California_71.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"24\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/California_71.svg/35px-California_71.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/California_71.svg/46px-California_71.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"385\" data-file-height=\"401\" /></span></span> <a href=\"/wiki/California_State_Route_71\" title=\"California State Route 71\">SR 71</a> in <a href=\"/wiki/Corona,_California\" title=\"Corona, California\">Corona</a><br /><span class=\"geo-inline\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818\"><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&params=33.886770392951_N_117.64502468394_W_\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">33°53′12″N</span> <span class=\"longitude\">117°38′42″W</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\"> / </span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">33.886770392951405°N 117.64502468394377°W</span><span style=\"display:none\"> / <span class=\"geo\">33.886770392951405; -117.64502468394377</span></span></span></a></span></span><br /><span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(northeast)</span></td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p>The <b>Santa Ana River Trail</b> is a multi-use trail complex that runs alongside the <a href=\"/wiki/Santa_Ana_River\" title=\"Santa Ana River\">Santa Ana River</a> in southern <a href=\"/wiki/California\" title=\"California\">California</a>. The trail stretches 30 miles (48 km) from the Pacific Ocean at Huntington Beach along the <a href=\"/wiki/Santa_Ana_River\" title=\"Santa Ana River\">Santa Ana River</a> to the Orange–Riverside county line.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> Planned extensions of the trail reach to Big Bear Lake in San Bernardino County. When completed, it will be the longest multi-use trail in <a href=\"/wiki/Southern_California\" title=\"Southern California\">Southern California</a>, at approximately 100 miles (160 km).<sup id=\"cite_ref-Mitchell_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Mitchell-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> In 1989, the <i><a href=\"/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times\" title=\"Los Angeles Times\">Los Angeles Times</a></i> described the path as \"a veritable freeway for bicycles\".<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp/toc\" />\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Description\">Description</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Description\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>The asphalt-paved bike path is up to 12 feet (3.7 m) wide, divided into two lanes so cyclists may ride abreast in many portions, adjacent to a hiking & riding trail. Many intersections with local streets are grade separated with bridges or underpasses making it a Class I bicycle facility. Cyclists must yield to pedestrians and runners (who are considered pedestrians by the law) at all times. As of 2006, 70 miles (110 km) of the path were complete; when finished, in conjunction with the equestrian trail, the bikeway is expected to bridge three counties, touching on 17 cities and two <a href=\"/wiki/United_States_National_Forest\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"United States National Forest\">national forests</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Mitchell_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Mitchell-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> \n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"History\">History</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: History\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File/Thumb\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:NRT_Logo.gif\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/NRT_Logo.gif\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"202\" height=\"201\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-file-width=\"202\" data-file-height=\"201\" /></a><figcaption><a href=\"/wiki/National_Recreation_Trail\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"National Recreation Trail\">National Recreation Trail</a></figcaption></figure>\n<p>In 1977, the bike path was designated a <a href=\"/wiki/National_Recreation_Trail\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"National Recreation Trail\">National Recreation Trail</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Mitchell_3-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Mitchell-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>In 2005, heavy rains caused extensive erosion on the path, requiring repairs from the state at about $1 million, part of an approximately $43 million clean-up in Southern California occasioned by the disaster.<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Events\">Events</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: Events\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>Since 1985, the trail is the avenue of the annual \"Riverside to Surfside\" bicycling event, formerly known as \"Smog to Surf\", in which cyclists ride the trail from Riverside, Corona or Anaheim to Huntington Beach.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Safety\">Safety</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=edit&section=4\" title=\"Edit section: Safety\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>In 1990, safety on the trail became a concern when it was occupied by <a href=\"/wiki/Homeless\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Homeless\">homeless</a> populations and <a href=\"/wiki/Street_gang\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Street gang\">street gangs</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Bumps_8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Bumps-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> An increased police presence in 2009 led to a reduction in crime, though pockets of homeless camps have reappeared under some bridges along the trail.\n</p><p>From early 2016 into autumn 2017,<sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> the presence of tent camps along a 6.5-mile stretch centered near <a href=\"/wiki/Anaheim_Stadium\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Anaheim Stadium\">Angel Stadium</a> resulted in many riders feeling uncomfortable.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Bumps_8-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Bumps-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> At the end of 2017, the trail was closed as authorities with the assistance of social service agencies removed those camping along the trail. As of April 2018, the trail was cleared of the remains of the encampments and reopened.<sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"See_also\">See also</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=edit&section=5\" title=\"Edit section: See also\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=List_of_Orange_County_bike_paths&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"List of Orange County bike paths (page does not exist)\">List of Orange County bike paths</a></li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=edit&section=6\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/discoveroc/placestogo/article_1196254.php\">\"O.C. parks: Your guide to taking a hike\"</a>. OC Register. 2006-08-02<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2009-04-03</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=O.C.+parks%3A+Your+guide+to+taking+a+hike&rft.pub=OC+Register&rft.date=2006-08-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2Focregister%2Fdiscoveroc%2Fplacestogo%2Farticle_1196254.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFStienstra2007\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Stienstra, Tom (2007). <i>Moon California Camping: The Complete Guide to More Than 1,400 Tent and RV Campgrounds</i> (15 ed.). Avalon Travel. p. 785. <a href=\"/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56691-831-2\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-1-56691-831-2\"><bdi>978-1-56691-831-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moon+California+Camping%3A+The+Complete+Guide+to+More+Than+1%2C400+Tent+and+RV+Campgrounds&rft.pages=785&rft.edition=15&rft.pub=Avalon+Travel&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-56691-831-2&rft.aulast=Stienstra&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Mitchell-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Mitchell_3-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Mitchell_3-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Mitchell_3-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFMitchell2006\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Mitchell, Patrick (2006). <i>Santa Ana River Guide: From Crest to Coast - 110 Miles Along Southern California's Largest River System</i>. Wilderness Press. p. 7. <a href=\"/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89997-411-2\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-89997-411-2\"><bdi>0-89997-411-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Santa+Ana+River+Guide%3A+From+Crest+to+Coast+-+110+Miles+Along+Southern+California%27s+Largest+River+System&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Wilderness+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-89997-411-2&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://dmv.ca.gov/pubs/vctop/d11/vc21207_5.htm\">\"Detail\"</a>. Dmv.ca.gov<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2019-07-21</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Detail&rft.pub=Dmv.ca.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdmv.ca.gov%2Fpubs%2Fvctop%2Fd11%2Fvc21207_5.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFSaillantSharon_Bernstein2005\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Saillant, Catherine; Sharon Bernstein (2005-01-25). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-jan-25-me-roads25-story.html\">\"Roads' storm repairs costly\"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2009-04-03</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Roads%27+storm+repairs+costly&rft.date=2005-01-25&rft.aulast=Saillant&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.au=Sharon+Bernstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2005-jan-25-me-roads25-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFPaul2005\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Paul, Jacquie (2005-08-24). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.pe.com/localnews/riverside/stories/PE_News_Local_D_rbike24.12fa8434.html\">\"Along for the ride: Smog to Surf promotes bicycling for all\"</a>. <i>The Press-Enterprise</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2009-04-03</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Press-Enterprise&rft.atitle=Along+for+the+ride%3A+Smog+to+Surf+promotes+bicycling+for+all&rft.date=2005-08-24&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=Jacquie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pe.com%2Flocalnews%2Friverside%2Fstories%2FPE_News_Local_D_rbike24.12fa8434.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFBowles2006\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Bowles, Jennifer (2006-10-09). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.pe.com/localnews/corona/stories/PE_News_Local_D_trail09.36d465c.html\">\"Lack of funding for new reservoirs draws fire\"</a>. <i>The Press-Enterprise</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2009-04-03</span></span>. <q>As it stands, starting lines for the annual \"Smog to Surf\" ride from Riverside to Huntington Beach, changed this year to the more politically correct \"Riverside to Surfside,\" begin Saturday in Riverside and Corona but riders won't be able to go along the river until they hit Orange County past the Prado Dam.</q></cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Press-Enterprise&rft.atitle=Lack+of+funding+for+new+reservoirs+draws+fire&rft.date=2006-10-09&rft.aulast=Bowles&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pe.com%2Flocalnews%2Fcorona%2Fstories%2FPE_News_Local_D_trail09.36d465c.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Bumps-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Bumps_8-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Bumps_8-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFMoilanen2000\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Moilanen, Renee (2000-10-09). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-oct-09-me-33899-story.html\">\"Bumps Along the Bike Trail; When Crime Trails Off; More Police Patrols of Santa Ana River Bikeway Bring Cyclists, Joggers Back\"</a>. Metro, Part B. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times\" title=\"Los Angeles Times\">Los Angeles Times</a> (Orange County Edition)</i>. p. 6<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2009-04-03</span></span>. <q>Ten years ago, street gangs and homeless people claimed the Santa Ana River Bikeway as their own.... Police attribute the plunge in crime to more patrols, gang sweeps and the dismantling of homeless camps.</q></cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times+%28Orange+County+Edition%29&rft.atitle=Bumps+Along+the+Bike+Trail%3B+When+Crime+Trails+Off%3B+More+Police+Patrols+of+Santa+Ana+River+Bikeway+Bring+Cyclists%2C+Joggers+Back&rft.pages=6&rft.date=2000-10-09&rft.aulast=Moilanen&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2000-oct-09-me-33899-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFGerda2017\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Gerda, Nick (Sep 12, 2017). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://voiceofoc.org/2017/09/sheriff-to-step-up-patrols-of-riverbed-homeless-camp-but-say-they-will-not-clear-it-out/\">\"Sheriff to Step Up Patrols of Riverbed Homeless Camp, But Say They Will Not Clear It Out\"</a>. <i>Voice of OC</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">Jul 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Voice+of+OC&rft.atitle=Sheriff+to+Step+Up+Patrols+of+Riverbed+Homeless+Camp%2C+But+Say+They+Will+Not+Clear+It+Out&rft.date=2017-09-12&rft.aulast=Gerda&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoiceofoc.org%2F2017%2F09%2Fsheriff-to-step-up-patrols-of-riverbed-homeless-camp-but-say-they-will-not-clear-it-out%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2017/08/31/11000-sign-petition-to-clear-homeless-from-santa-ana-river-trail-state-of-emergency-considered/\">\"11,000 sign petition to clear homeless from Santa Ana River Trail; state of emergency considered\"</a>. Sep 1, 2017<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">Jul 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=11%2C000+sign+petition+to+clear+homeless+from+Santa+Ana+River+Trail%3B+state+of+emergency+considered&rft.date=2017-09-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2F2017%2F08%2F31%2F11000-sign-petition-to-clear-homeless-from-santa-ana-river-trail-state-of-emergency-considered%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFRobinson2018\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Robinson, Alicia (2018-01-22). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2018/01/22/portion-of-santa-ana-river-trail-closes-to-cyclists-joggers-as-orange-county-begins-clearing-homeless-encampments/\">\"Portion of Santa Ana River trail closes to cyclists, joggers as Orange County begins clearing homeless encampments\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Orange_County_Register\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Orange County Register\">Orange County Register</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2018-03-09</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orange+County+Register&rft.atitle=Portion+of+Santa+Ana+River+trail+closes+to+cyclists%2C+joggers+as+Orange+County+begins+clearing+homeless+encampments&rft.date=2018-01-22&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Alicia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2F2018%2F01%2F22%2Fportion-of-santa-ana-river-trail-closes-to-cyclists-joggers-as-orange-county-begins-clearing-homeless-encampments%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Ana+River+Trail\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"External_links\">External links</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Santa_Ana_River_Trail&action=edit&section=7\" title=\"Edit section: External links\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1235681985\">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1237033735\">@media print{body.ns-0 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src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"30\" height=\"40\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1024\" data-file-height=\"1376\" /></a></span></div>\n<div class=\"side-box-text plainlist\">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\"><a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Santa_Ana_River_Trail\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"commons:Category:Santa Ana River Trail\">Santa Ana River Trail</a></span>.</div></div>\n</div>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140708223750/http://www.santaanarivertrail.org/home.html\">Welcome to Santa Ana River Trail & Parkway</a></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.traillink.com/trail/santa-ana-river-trail-(orange-county).aspx\">Santa Ana River Trail (Orange County)</a> - TrailLink</li></ul>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1129693374\">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:\": 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Path\">Browns Creek</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/California_Aqueduct#Bikeway\" title=\"California Aqueduct\">California Aqueduct</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Chandler_Boulevard_Bike_Path\" title=\"Chandler Boulevard Bike Path\">Chandler Blvd.</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Coyote_Creek_bicycle_path\" title=\"Coyote Creek bicycle path\">Coyote Creek</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Culver_Boulevard_Median_Bike_Path\" title=\"Culver Boulevard Median Bike Path\">Culver Median</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Duarte_bicycle_path\" title=\"Duarte bicycle path\">Duarte</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Expo_Bike_Path\" title=\"Expo Bike Path\">Expo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/G_Line_Bikeway\" title=\"G Line Bikeway\">G Line</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Kenneth_Newell_Bikeway\" title=\"Kenneth Newell Bikeway\">Kenneth Newell</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Los_Angeles_River_bicycle_path\" title=\"Los Angeles River bicycle path\">L.A. 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class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\t\n\t\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents</h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Cast\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Cast\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Cast</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Cast-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"></span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Cast subsection</span>\n\t\t\t</button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Cast-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"toc-Main_cast\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Main_cast\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.1</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Main cast</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Main_cast-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Recurring_cast\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Recurring_cast\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.2</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Recurring cast</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Recurring_cast-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Guest_stars\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Guest_stars\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.3</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Guest stars</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Guest_stars-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Episodes\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Episodes\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Episodes</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Episodes-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><i>iCarly</i> season 2</h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. 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class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Segunda_temporada_de_iCarly\" title=\"Anexo:Segunda temporada de iCarly – Spanish\" lang=\"es\" hreflang=\"es\" data-title=\"Anexo:Segunda temporada de iCarly\" data-language-autonym=\"Español\" data-language-local-name=\"Spanish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Episodi_di_iCarly_(seconda_stagione)\" title=\"Episodi di iCarly (seconda stagione) – Italian\" lang=\"it\" hreflang=\"it\" data-title=\"Episodi di iCarly (seconda stagione)\" data-language-autonym=\"Italiano\" data-language-local-name=\"Italian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijst_van_afleveringen_van_iCarly_(seizoen_2)\" title=\"Lijst van afleveringen van iCarly 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wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q641896\" title=\"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\" accesskey=\"g\"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance\" class=\"vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"appearance-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-appearance\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Appearance</div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"bodyContent\" class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"mw-indicators\">\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"siteSub\" class=\"noprint\">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentSub\"><div id=\"mw-content-subtitle\"></div></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">American teen sitcom</div>\n<p class=\"mw-empty-elt\">\n</p>\n<div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Season of television series</div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1257001546\">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class=\"infobox vevent\"><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-above summary\" style=\"background-color: #8E00AE; color: white; padding: 0.25em 1em; font-size: 125%;\"><i>iCarly</i></th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-subheader\" style=\"background-color: #8E00AE; color: white; padding: 0.25em 1em; font-weight: bold; font-size: 125%;\">Season 2</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap;\">Starring</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><a href=\"/wiki/Miranda_Cosgrove\" title=\"Miranda Cosgrove\">Miranda Cosgrove</a><br /><a href=\"/wiki/Jennette_McCurdy\" title=\"Jennette McCurdy\">Jennette McCurdy</a><br /><a href=\"/wiki/Nathan_Kress\" title=\"Nathan Kress\">Nathan Kress</a><br /><a href=\"/wiki/Jerry_Trainor\" title=\"Jerry Trainor\">Jerry Trainor</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap;\"><abbr title=\"Number\">No.</abbr> of episodes</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">21</td></tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-header summary\" style=\"background-color: #8E00AE; color: white; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;\">Release</th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap;\">Original network</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><a href=\"/wiki/Nickelodeon\" title=\"Nickelodeon\">Nickelodeon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"white-space: nowrap;\">Original release</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">September 27, 2008<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2008-09-27</span>)</span> –<br />August 8, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"dtend itvend\">2009-08-08</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-header summary\" style=\"background-color: #8E00AE; color: white; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;\">Season chronology</th></tr><tr class=\"noprint\"><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-full-data\"><div style=\"float: left;\">← <b>Previous</b><br /><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_season_1\" title=\"ICarly season 1\">Season 1</a> </div><div style=\"float: right;\"><b>Next</b> →<br /><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_season_3\" title=\"ICarly season 3\">Season 3</a> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-below noprint\"><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_iCarly_episodes\" title=\"List of iCarly episodes\">List of episodes</a></td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p>The second season of <i><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly\" title=\"ICarly\">iCarly</a></i> aired on <a href=\"/wiki/Nickelodeon\" title=\"Nickelodeon\">Nickelodeon</a> from September 27, 2008 to August 8, 2009. The season continues the stories of Carly Shay (<a href=\"/wiki/Miranda_Cosgrove\" title=\"Miranda Cosgrove\">Miranda Cosgrove</a>), Sam Puckett (<a href=\"/wiki/Jennette_McCurdy\" title=\"Jennette McCurdy\">Jennette McCurdy</a>), and Freddie Benson (<a href=\"/wiki/Nathan_Kress\" title=\"Nathan Kress\">Nathan Kress</a>) as they produce their own <a href=\"/wiki/Web_show\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Web show\">web show</a> called \"iCarly.\" <a href=\"/wiki/Jerry_Trainor\" title=\"Jerry Trainor\">Jerry Trainor</a> co-stars as Carly's big brother Spencer. This season is the first to have a major plot twist, as it sees Sam and Freddie sharing their first kiss, just to avoid the frustration of not having a first kiss. This is followed by them becoming somewhat closer. This season contained the special \"iChristmas\". The second season consisted of 45 episodes, with 25 of them airing as part of the second season before the remaining 20 were marketed as the third season.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> This season has specials \"<a href=\"/wiki/IGo_to_Japan\" title=\"IGo to Japan\">iGo to Japan</a>\", \"iChristmas\", \"iKiss\", \"iReunite with Missy\", \"iMake Sam Girlier\", \"iDate a Bad Boy\" and \"iFight Shelby Marx\"\n</p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp/toc\" />\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Cast\">Cast</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=ICarly_season_2&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Cast\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<figure typeof=\"mw:File/Thumb\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:ICarly_mains.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/ICarly_mains.jpg/272px-ICarly_mains.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"272\" height=\"120\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/ICarly_mains.jpg/408px-ICarly_mains.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/ICarly_mains.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"534\" data-file-height=\"236\" /></a><figcaption>From left to right: Miranda Cosgrove, Jennette McCurdy, and Nathan Kress</figcaption></figure>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Main_cast\">Main cast</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=ICarly_season_2&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: Main cast\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Miranda_Cosgrove\" title=\"Miranda Cosgrove\">Miranda Cosgrove</a> as Carly Shay</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Jennette_McCurdy\" title=\"Jennette McCurdy\">Jennette McCurdy</a> as Sam Puckett (and as Melanie Puckett in \"iTwins\")</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Nathan_Kress\" title=\"Nathan Kress\">Nathan Kress</a> as Freddie Benson</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Jerry_Trainor\" title=\"Jerry Trainor\">Jerry Trainor</a> as Spencer Shay</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Recurring_cast\">Recurring cast</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=ICarly_season_2&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: Recurring cast\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Noah_Munck\" title=\"Noah Munck\">Noah Munck</a> as Gibby Gibson</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Mary_Ann_Springer\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Mary Ann Springer\">Mary Ann Springer</a> as Wendy</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Mary_Scheer\" title=\"Mary Scheer\">Mary Scheer</a> as Marissa Benson</li>\n<li>BooG!e as T-Bo</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Reed_Alexander\" title=\"Reed Alexander\">Reed Alexander</a> as Nevel Papperman</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Jeremy_Rowley\" title=\"Jeremy Rowley\">Jeremy Rowley</a> as Lewbert</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Ryan_Ochoa\" title=\"Ryan Ochoa\">Ryan Ochoa</a> as Chuck Chambers</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/David_St._James\" title=\"David St. James\">David St. James</a> as Mr. Howard</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Drew_Roy\" title=\"Drew Roy\">Drew Roy</a> as Griffin</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Tim_Russ\" title=\"Tim Russ\">Tim Russ</a> as Principal Ted Franklin</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Guest_stars\">Guest stars</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=ICarly_season_2&action=edit&section=4\" title=\"Edit section: Guest stars\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Lucas_Cruikshank\" title=\"Lucas Cruikshank\">Lucas Cruikshank</a> as <a href=\"/wiki/Fred_Figglehorn\" title=\"Fred Figglehorn\">Fred Figglehorn</a> and himself (\"iMeet Fred\")</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/James_Maslow\" title=\"James Maslow\">James Maslow</a> as Shane (\"iSaw Him First\")</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Aria_Wallace\" title=\"Aria Wallace\">Aria Wallace</a> as Mandy Valdez (\"iWant My Website Back\")</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Good_Charlotte\" title=\"Good Charlotte\">Good Charlotte</a> as themselves (\"iGo to Japan\")</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/David_Archuleta\" title=\"David Archuleta\">David Archuleta</a> as himself (\"iRocked the Vote\")</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Haley_Ramm\" title=\"Haley Ramm\">Haley Ramm</a> as Missy Robinson (\"iReunite with Missy\")</li>\n<li>Alex Schemmer as Wade Collins (\"iRocked the Vote\")</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Victoria_Justice\" title=\"Victoria Justice\">Victoria Justice</a> as Shelby Marx (\"iFight Shelby Marx\")</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Episodes\">Episodes</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=ICarly_season_2&action=edit&section=5\" title=\"Edit section: Episodes\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1236090951\">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_iCarly_episodes\" title=\"List of iCarly episodes\">List of iCarly episodes</a></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1251242444\">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class=\"box-Long_plot plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Plot\" role=\"presentation\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"mbox-image\"><div class=\"mbox-image-div\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"48\" data-file-height=\"48\" /></span></span></div></td><td class=\"mbox-text\"><div class=\"mbox-text-span\">This section's plot summaries <b>may be <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_write_a_plot_summary\" title=\"Wikipedia:How to write a plot summary\">too long or excessively detailed</a>.</b><span class=\"hide-when-compact\"> Please <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ICarly_season_2&action=edit\">help improve them</a> by removing unnecessary details and making them more concise.</span> <span class=\"date-container\"><i>(<span class=\"date\">December 2024</span>)</i></span><span class=\"hide-when-compact\"><i> (<small><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal\" title=\"Help:Maintenance template removal\">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table>\n<table class=\"wikitable plainrowheaders wikiepisodetable\" style=\"width:100%\"><tbody><tr style=\"color:white;text-align:center\"><th scope=\"col\" style=\"background:#9400B6;width:4%;color:white\"><abbr title=\"Number\">No.</abbr><br />overall</th><th scope=\"col\" style=\"background:#9400B6;width:4%;color:white\"><abbr title=\"Number\">No.</abbr> in<br />season</th><th scope=\"col\" style=\"background:#9400B6;width:19%;color:white\">Title <span style=\"color:black;background-color:white;padding:1px;display:inline-block;line-height:50%\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-Zap2it_Season_2_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Zap2it_Season_2-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></span></th><th scope=\"col\" style=\"background:#9400B6;width:15%;color:white\">Directed by</th><th scope=\"col\" style=\"background:#9400B6;width:18%;color:white\">Written by</th><th scope=\"col\" style=\"background:#9400B6;width:15%;color:white\">Original air date <span style=\"color:black;background-color:white;padding:1px;display:inline-block;line-height:50%\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-Zap2it_Season_2_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Zap2it_Season_2-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></span></th><th scope=\"col\" style=\"background:#9400B6;width:6%;color:white\"><abbr title=\"Production\">Prod.</abbr><br />code <span style=\"color:black;background-color:white;padding:1px;display:inline-block;line-height:50%\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-gov_4-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-gov-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></span></th><th scope=\"col\" style=\"background:#9400B6;width:9%;color:white\">U.S. viewers<br />(millions)</th></tr><tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep26\" style=\"text-align:center\">26</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">1</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iSaw Him First\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Adam_Weissman\" title=\"Adam Weissman\">Adam Weissman</a></td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><i>Teleplay by</i> : Andrew Hill Newman<br /><i>Story by</i> : <a href=\"/wiki/Steven_Molaro\" title=\"Steven Molaro\">Steven Molaro</a></td><td style=\"text-align:center\">September 27, 2008<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2008-09-27</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc204\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">204</td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><small><span class=\"skin-nightmode-reset-color\" style=\"color: #2C2C2C;\" title=\"Not available\">N/A</span></small></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nCarly and Sam develop a crush on Freddie's pal, Shane and decide to compete with each other for a relationship with him. They decide that whoever can get Shane to kiss them gets the right to pursue him. The girls set up several different scenarios to try to convince Shane into kissing them, but they are unsuccessful. Meanwhile, Spencer hires an incompetent repairman dancer to fix the elevator because he thinks it'll take longer. Shane eventually finds out about the girls' endeavors to pursue him, and angrily tries to leave the Shays' apartment. However, he is unaware of the broken elevator, which causes him to fall down the shaft. After the accident, the gang go and visit an unconscious Shane in the hospital. While no one is looking, Carly kisses Shane and deems herself victorious.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep27\" style=\"text-align:center\">27</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">2</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iStage an Intervention\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Jonathan_Goldstein_(actor)\" title=\"Jonathan Goldstein (actor)\">Jonathan Goldstein</a></td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Karey_Dornetto\" title=\"Karey Dornetto\">Karey Dornetto</a></td><td style=\"text-align:center\">October 4, 2008<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2008-10-04</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc205\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">205</td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><small><span class=\"skin-nightmode-reset-color\" style=\"color: #2C2C2C;\" title=\"Not available\">N/A</span></small></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nSpencer finds an old video game cabinet in the junkyard called Pak-Rat (a parody of <a href=\"/wiki/Pac-Man\" title=\"Pac-Man\">Pac-Man</a>), and spends all his time playing it, while procrastinating on a commissioned <a href=\"/wiki/Labradoodle\" title=\"Labradoodle\">Labradoodle</a> sculpture for a doctor who is a highly-respected figure in the Seattle art community. His obsession of beating the score of Sasha Striker, the Pak-Rat world champion who disappeared for years shortly after winning, causes him to miss the deadline for his sculpture, which he manages to delay for another week. To curb his addiction, Carly, Sam and Freddie, with the help of iCarly viewers, bring Sasha Striker to compete against Spencer to defend her title. After Spencer defeats Striker in a televised match on the Video Game Network channel full of nerds who barge into the apartment, Spencer declines Striker's offer of a midnight ride in favor of finishing his sculpture for the doctor in less than nine hours with the help of Carly, Sam and Freddie; which the doctor then approves. Meanwhile, Freddie experiences a streak of \"bad luck\" after deleting and not forwarding a <a href=\"/wiki/Chain_letter\" title=\"Chain letter\">chain email</a>, passing it off as a <a href=\"/wiki/Superstition\" title=\"Superstition\">superstition</a>. His bad luck experiences consist of his laptop shorting out, his bike falling apart and his shorts mysteriously turning pink. In the end he realizes the bad luck has just been a prank by Sam, so he gets her back by sending her a text message that looks like it came from a popular senior boy, asking her to go to the mall on a date. Carly later becomes addicted to Pak-Rat herself.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep28\" style=\"text-align:center\">28</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">3</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iOwe You\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><a href=\"/wiki/David_Kendall_(director)\" title=\"David Kendall (director)\">David Kendall</a></td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Jake_Farrow\" title=\"Jake Farrow\">Jake Farrow</a></td><td style=\"text-align:center\">October 11, 2008<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2008-10-11</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc206\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">206</td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><small><span class=\"skin-nightmode-reset-color\" style=\"color: #2C2C2C;\" title=\"Not available\">N/A</span></small></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nSam is insulted when she hears that she does not pay back Carly and Freddie the money she owes them, which happens to be $526. When Sam finds that this is true, she makes a broadcast on iCarly encouraging all their fans to donate money to her. However, Principal Franklin informs Carly and Sam that it is illegal to solicit money to kids over the internet, so Sam grudgingly gets a job at the Chilli My Bowl restaurant to earn the money and pay them back. Elsewhere, Spencer tries to impress an attractive single mom by helping her daughter sell fudge balls (similar to <a href=\"/wiki/Girl_Scout_cookies\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Girl Scout cookies\">Girl Scout cookies</a>), but two rude older teen scouts steal Spencer's place at the market. Spencer comes up with the idea to send fudge balls to every iCarly fan who sent them money as he mentions in a law book it is not illegal to solicit money from kids if they provide a product or service in return. Carly and Freddie then hire someone to give the money they earned to Sam in a tip at the restaurant where she is working. Instead of repaying the money to Carly and Freddie, Sam buys a trampoline for Carly's apartment, which Carly and Freddie enjoy with her.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep29\" style=\"text-align:center\">29</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">4</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iHurt Lewbert\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Russ Reinsel</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Ethan Banville</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">October 18, 2008<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2008-10-18</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc207\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">207</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">4.37<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nWhen Carly's doorman Lewbert gets injured during one of their \"Messin' with Lewbert\" pranks on iCarly, Carly and her friends look after Lewbert until he is back on his feet. It is not as easy as it looks, until Freddie's mother takes over. Carly and Sam warn Freddie that his mom is in love with Lewbert, and, much to Freddie's dismay, he finds that this is true. They devise a plan to break up their romantic relationship by having Freddie fake an injury so Mrs. Benson would pay attention to her \"injured\" son rather than her relationship with Lewbert. Meanwhile, a pesky, disobedient young boy named Chuck plays racquetball in the lobby and Spencer gets Chuck's father to ground him for 2 days. Spencer is, in the meantime, filling in for Lewbert as the doorman. During his shifts, while using an old CB Radio, he upsets two truckers named Porkchop and Sledgehammer. Chuck, looking for revenge, gives the truckers his location through the radio while Spencer leaves his desk, and the truckers arrive just as Lewbert takes his job back. They beat him up, mistakenly assuming he is Spencer.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep30\" style=\"text-align:center\">30</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">5</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"<a href=\"/wiki/IGo_to_Japan\" title=\"IGo to Japan\">iGo to Japan</a><span class=\"anchor\" id=\"epTV-Movie\"></span>\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Steve_Hoefer\" title=\"Steve Hoefer\">Steve Hoefer</a></td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><i>Teleplay by</i> : <a href=\"/wiki/Dan_Schneider_(TV_producer)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Dan Schneider (TV producer)\">Dan Schneider</a><br /><i>Story by</i> : Andrew Hill Newman</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">November 8, 2008<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2008-11-08</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc201–203\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">201–203</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">7.59<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nIn the first <i>iCarly</i> film, the trio learn they have been nominated for an iWeb award and win tickets to attend the award ceremony in Japan. Spencer then trades the three first-class tickets for 5 coach tickets when Mrs. Benson refuses to let Freddie go without her. The five later parachute into Japan out of an unsanitary <a href=\"/wiki/Opossum\" title=\"Opossum\">possum</a>-filled cargo plane after the pilot literally makes them fly \"over\" Japan. A police officer takes them to their hotel after they land in a barren field. At the hotel, they are visited by Kyoko and Yuki, fellow competitors for the same award. Kyoko and Yuki give Spencer and Mrs. Benson tickets to the hotel spa to get seaweed massages by their cousins, while they take Carly, Sam and Freddie shopping. After confessing they are lost, Kyoko and Yuki pretend to get angry at each other and stage a kung fu fight on the sidewalk. They then strand the trio in the middle of nowhere after giving a phony excuse to leave, while Spencer breaks himself and Mrs. Benson free from being wrapped in seaweed after being abandoned by the cousins. Using a locator chip implanted in Freddie's head, Mrs. Benson and Spencer take a taxi to find the lost trio. They reunite and make it to the ceremony but are apprehended by security. Freddie wires his video camera into the main screen while Carly and Sam try to explain to the security officers what happened by acting, since the guards cannot speak English and the girls cannot speak Japanese. Since Freddie hooked up the camera to the big screen, the audience can see their silly acting. Thanks to Freddie, iCarly wins the award show due to their performance. Kyoko and Yuki are arrested for their crimes and the iCarly gang return to America on a fishing boat, having refused to go back on the cargo plane.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep31\" style=\"text-align:center\">31</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">6</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iPie\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\"><a href=\"/wiki/Roger_Christiansen\" title=\"Roger Christiansen\">Roger Christiansen</a></td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Andrew Hill Newman</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">November 15, 2008<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2008-11-15</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc208\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">208</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">4.10<sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nWhen the group's favorite pie shop closes down due to the death of the head chef and owner, Mr. Galini, they try to find the recipe for their favorite coconut-cream pie. The only person believed to have the recipe is Mr. Galini's eccentric granddaughter, Trudy. She agrees to give them the recipe if she can go on a date with Spencer, but she creeps him out and upsets him. Trudy then feels bad and confesses that she never actually owned the recipe, claiming that her grandfather \"kept them in his computer\" and she could never find them. Carly, Sam, and Freddie hatch a plan to find the recipe in Mr. Galini's computer at the pie shop during the memorial service. Fortunately, when Sam and Freddie began fighting in Mr. Galini's office, they accidentally knock his computer over, finding the recipes in envelopes literally stuffed inside the hard drive. Trudy, alongside Mr. Galini's assistant, Mario, re-open the pie shop. Meanwhile, Mrs. Benson's cousin is going to a comic book festival in New Jersey while her baby daughter Stephanie visits for a few days, making Freddie uneasy because the baby always has a blank expression when she sees Freddie, and he believes she does not like him because he is not funny. Freddie tries finding a way to succeed in making his cousin laugh. In the end, he makes her laugh by splatting himself in the face with a pie.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep32\" style=\"text-align:center\">32</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">7</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iChristmas\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Steve Hoefer</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Dan Schneider</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">December 13, 2008<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2008-12-13</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc209\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">209</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">3.70<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nWhen Spencer makes an electromagnetic Christmas tree, the tree is set on fire, which makes Carly angry at Spencer because the fire destroys the presents Carly got for Spencer. When Carly wishes that Spencer had been born \"normal\", Carly's guardian angel, Mitch, makes this wish come true and proceeds to show Carly the consequences of her wish. This results in Spencer being a calm and mature lawyer, the iCarly webshow no longer existing (the iCarly studio now just a room filled with boxes), Sam being absent from school, Freddie dating a rude girl after giving up on pursuing Carly because of Nevel somehow becoming Carly's boyfriend, which caused her and Freddie to drift apart. Carly questions Mitch about Sam's disappearance and Carly is taken to the Juvenile Detention Center, where Sam is being held. Carly finds out that the reason Sam was arrested is because Spencer saw her as a bad influence and did not want Carly to be friends with her, so Sam got into more trouble without Carly to hold her back. Carly returns home and to find that Mrs. Benson and Spencer are now engaged, making Carly distressed at what her life has become. After saying very sadly that she wants Sam and Freddie to be her friends again and Spencer to be his usual self, Carly then cries and wishes that her world was back to the way it was before, which Mitch secretly grants. Carly is now happy with the electromagnetic Christmas tree, and Carly, Sam, Freddie, and Spencer have a good Christmas together in the end.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep33\" style=\"text-align:center\">33</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">8</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iKiss\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Steve Hoefer</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Dan Schneider</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">January 3, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-01-03</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc210\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">210</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">5.94<sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nTo get back at Sam for pulling a prank on him at school by stuffing a dead fish in his locker, Freddie pulls a prank on her by handcuffing her to Gibby, after which an incensed Sam vows revenge. Later, when the girls come home from the lame movie \"The First Kiss\", this causes a discussion of who was their first kiss. A while later, Sam overhears Freddie privately inform Carly that he has never had his first real kiss. To get back at Freddie, Sam blurts out his secret on iCarly, not realizing how horribly this would make him feel. The next day at school, Freddie gets teased by Mr. Devlin, several classmates, iCarly fans, and even little girls, so he skips school for the entire week, misses two rehearsals, and refuses to show up for the next webcast, much to Sam's surprise. Carly gives Sam a stern rebuke about what she had done wrong and that she had ruined Freddie's life without even caring. Feeling guilty about what she has done, a remorseful Sam reveals to the web on iCarly that what she did was wrong and that she has never kissed anyone either. Sam then arrives at Freddie's balcony fire escape and sincerely apologizes for ruining everything, and Freddie is deeply touched by what Sam did to help him. They also discuss their mutual frustrations of not having a first kiss and their urge to get it over with. As a result, they privately kiss each other, but they both promise not to tell anyone. Meanwhile, Spencer wants to be a professional football player, so Carly aggressively trains Spencer and later sends Gibby to work out with him, but Spencer, after the harsh training, decides that he does not want to be a football player anymore.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep34\" style=\"text-align:center\">34</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">9</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iGive Away a Car\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Steve Hoefer</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">George Doty IV</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">January 17, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-01-17</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc211\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">211</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">5.10<sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nCarly, Sam, and Freddie are hired by car salesman Don Flanken's son Jeffery to host a riddle contest to give away a free new car as publicity for the car lot. The winner of the contest has a username called \"Trickster 206\" but when they call him on a video chat on the webshow it is revealed to be Nevel Papperman, much to their dismay. When Freddie and Sam go to retrieve the car for him, the two find out that the owner does not even have a son named Jeffrey and was never planning on giving away a free car, confusing them and Carly. The trio found out that Nevel was the one who created the contest, hiring a kid to pretend that he was the lot owner's son to set them up in another revenge plot to get iCarly shut down by the LCC for fraud. In order not to have their webshow shut down, iCarly must provide him with a new car. Meanwhile, Spencer buys a spaceship prop, supposedly from the movie \"Galaxy Wars\" (a parody of <a href=\"/wiki/Star_Wars\" title=\"Star Wars\">Star Wars</a>) online, but finds out through Freddie that it is only a replica, and was never actually used in the movie. Carly decides to exploit a loophole, which says that a \"new car\" must be unique, not state registered and can go at least 25 mph, so they modify the spaceship prop into a working vehicle and give it to Nevel as his new car. Nevel then test-drives the spaceship car and crashes into a flower shop, and because it passes all the requirements, iCarly succeeds in preventing the end of the webshow.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep35\" style=\"text-align:center\">35</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">10</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iRocked the Vote\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Russ Reinsel</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Andrew Hill Newman</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">February 7, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-02-07</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc215\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">215</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">5.23<sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nWhen iCarly convinces their viewers to vote for <a href=\"/wiki/David_Archuleta\" title=\"David Archuleta\">David Archuleta</a> on <i>America Sings</i>, they cause him to win. They feel sorry for the runner-up, Wade Collins, who claims he wanted to win the prize money to help his sick mom get surgery. They invite Wade for an interview on the webshow and agree to make him a music video. But after the show, he snaps at the iCarly gang for ruining his life by ruining his chance of winning the contest, and is revealed to be very rude, angry, obnoxious, and narcissistic. Despite his cruelty, Carly, Sam, and Freddie help make a music video for Wade Collins. The iCarly team soon finds that Wade's mother was not sick, but he steals the video from them and gets away before they can stop him. They later have David Archuleta appear on their show and give their support to him once more; afterward they show a video to their viewers depicting Wade Collins's true selfish, rude behavior, ending with him revealing that he hates everything from children, teenagers, animals, and even America. Meanwhile, Sam teaches Spencer to lie when he has a rented movie that is 10 years overdue and he fails to lie at the rental store, but the store manager reveals that it was a prank from her boss.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep36\" style=\"text-align:center\">36</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">11</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iMeet Fred\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Adam Weissman</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Dan Schneider</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">February 16, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-02-16</span>)</span><sup id=\"cite_ref-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-12\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-gov_4-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-gov-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td><td id=\"pc212\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">212</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">5.10<sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>13<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nWhen Freddie offends an international internet sensation named <a href=\"/wiki/Fred_Figglehorn\" title=\"Fred Figglehorn\">Fred</a> and tells the whole world he does not think his Fred videos are very funny, Fred tells all of his fans that he will not make any more videos. Carly, Sam, and Freddie soon start losing friends, acquaintances, and iCarly fans that are fans of Fred, and everybody at Ridgeway Junior High begins to hate the iCarly group by booing and throwing stuff at them. Everyone even begins abusing Freddie in many painful ways and he unfairly gets kicked out of all his clubs. Before they got home, his aunt Jennifer called him on the phone talking to him about what he did, a Fred fan created a website called neverwatchiCarly.com that gets viewers to stop watching iCarly, and reporters barged into Carly's apartment and starts criticizing them by interviewing them about the incident. They meet <a href=\"/wiki/Lucas_Cruikshank\" title=\"Lucas Cruikshank\">Lucas Cruikshank</a>, Fred's creator and portrayer, in his home in Shelby, Idaho for Freddie to apologize to him about the Fred videos comment and giving his opinion. Lucas later apologizes because he was not really mad; it was a publicity stunt meant to increase Fred and iCarly's ratings. At the end they apologize live during the iCarly webshow and present a new Fred video with Sam, Freddie, and Spencer guest starring as themselves with high-pitched voices like Fred except Carly's voice. Elsewhere, Spencer puts a <a href=\"/wiki/Magic_8_Ball\" title=\"Magic 8 Ball\">Magic Eight Ball</a>-like toy, called a Magic Meatball, in control of his life, with disastrous results such as drinking ketchup and buying a live <a href=\"/wiki/Ostrich\" title=\"Ostrich\">ostrich</a>.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep37\" style=\"text-align:center\">37</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">12</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iLook Alike\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">David Kendall</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Dan Schneider</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">March 7, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-03-07</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc213\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">213</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">6.29<sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>14<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nCarly, Sam, and Freddie are thrilled when they are invited to a <a href=\"/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts\" title=\"Mixed martial arts\">mixed martial arts</a> fight to do an iCarly bit filmed backstage, though Spencer and Mrs. Benson do not approve. Upset by this, they set up a risky scheme to sneak out by hiring some lookalikes who live in the area to take their place while they go to the fight in hopes that Spencer will not find out.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep38\" style=\"text-align:center\">38</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">13</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iWant My Website Back\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Adam Weissman</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Matt Fleckenstein</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">March 21, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-03-21</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc219\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">219</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">3.90<sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>15<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nSpencer gets a new credit card after canceling his old one when trying to order some new pillows at pillowmyhead.com, causing Carly, Sam, and Freddie to lose control of the iCarly.com domain because it automatically charges on his credit card. Luckily, iCarly's insanely biggest fan Mandy (from the Season 1 episode 13 \"iAm Your Biggest Fan\") returns to buy their website back for them, but she gets tricked into accidentally giving it to Nevel. Spencer disguises himself as an old woman in order to trick Nevel into signing the URL transfer document during an autograph event, but Nevel recognizes and outsmarts him, and he is chased out by security. Later, Nevel demands a kiss from Carly from the day they first met (in \"iNevel\") in return to claim the transfer document. Carly confronts Nevel, and he signs the document. Carly manages to escape with the signed document without having to kiss Nevel, and succeeds in reclaiming their website. Elsewhere, Spencer is stuck with 200 pillows after believing he ordered only two. It is revealed that pillowmyhead.com multiplied his order. In the end Carly, Sam, and Freddie shut the door on Mandy when she rambles about wanting to take them out to a movie.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep39\" style=\"text-align:center\">39</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">14</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iMake Sam Girlier\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Roger Christiansen</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Jake Farrow</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">April 11, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-04-11</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc216\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">216</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">5.13<sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-16\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nAfter an iCarly webcast, everyone celebrates Sam's birthday. During the party, everyone has to give a speech about how they feel about Sam. When Sam's crush, Pete, makes his speech, he calls Sam a \"dude\" because she is so tough and tomboyish. Depressed by this, she goes to Carly for help on how to be girlier. It works until a senior bully at school, Jocelyn, arrives to harass the iCarly team. Sam tries to maintain her \"girliness\" until Jocelyn pushes Carly, at which point she fights Jocelyn and scares the bullies away. Unbeknownst to her, Pete is watching. At first, Sam becomes upset, but then her spirits lighten up when Pete tells her that he likes the way she is. In the end, Sam and Pete happily go on another date. Meanwhile, Spencer meets a girl at the grocery store and becomes convinced that she only likes him when he is wearing his <a href=\"/wiki/Tuxedo\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Tuxedo\">tuxedo</a> after a date with her does not go so well when he was wearing casual clothes.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep40\" style=\"text-align:center\">40</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">15</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iGo Nuclear\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">David Kendall</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">George Doty IV & Andrew Hill Newman</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">April 22, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-04-22</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc214\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">214</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">4.50<sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>17<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nCarly, Sam, and Freddie are assigned to do a school science project for Green Week by their teacher, Mr. Henning. If they do not get a good grade on their project, Mr. Henning tells his students that they must go on the dreaded \"Root & Berry Retreat\" for extra credit. Since Freddie is already making a technology composting box, Carly makes an electric scooter. Unfortunately, it only goes four miles per hour, it shorts out when it gets wet and bursts into flames by the time she reaches school, causing her to fail. Freddie failed because his technology composting project caused him to import worms from Portugal by burning a lot of jet fuel from an airplane, resulting in him having to go to the \"Root & Berry Retreat\". Sam, who did not even do a project, manages to get an A from Mr. Henning, who is impressed by her simple \"project\" that merely involves Sam eating and drinking the juice from an orange to help reduce <a href=\"/wiki/Packaging_waste\" title=\"Packaging waste\">packaging waste</a> from other snack foods. Carly then has the weekend to do a new project, as Mr. Henning gives her a second chance. Spencer brings in a good-looking science geek he met named Cal, who helps build a small power generator utilizing <a href=\"/wiki/Nuclear_power\" title=\"Nuclear power\">nuclear</a> energy. This turns out to be highly illegal, since it is powered by black-market uranium, unbeknownst to Carly and her friends. Some policemen recognize Cal as a Top 10 FBI's most wanted criminal at the Groovy Smoothie and arrest him. As punishment for the illegal project and aiding and getting help from a known felon, Carly is sentenced to the \"Root & Berry Retreat\" for extra credit.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep41\" style=\"text-align:center\">41</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">16</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iDate a Bad Boy\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Steve Hoefer</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Dan Schneider</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">May 9, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-05-09</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc217_/_225\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">217 / 225</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">6.47<sup id=\"cite_ref-18\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-18\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\n<p>Carly and Spencer catch their new neighbor, Griffin, stealing Spencer's motorcycle. They reprimand Griffin, but Spencer eventually lets him off the hook, despite Carly's begrudging disposition. Following this incident, Spencer befriends Griffin andmentors him by inviting him over to help with a sculpture - much to Carly's dismay. After working on the sculpture for some time, Spencer goes out to buy smoothies for the group. Spencer then returns home to see Griffin kissing Carly, who frantically tries to explain her newfound feelings for Griffin, but this only infuriates Spencer further. Consequently, Spencer forbids the couple from seeing each other by policing Carly's daily life. Sick of Spencer's paranoid regimen, Carly and Griffin devise a plan to see each other. Their plan is quickly thwarted by Spencer, who, despite their deceptive efforts, finally lets the couple be together.\n</p><p>Meanwhile, Sam pays Freddie to build a website for her, and has a contract written up as well. Freddie agrees, and begins building the website around Sam's request. However, as their partnership progresses, Freddie expresses that he cannot keep up with Sam's numerous demands, and tears up the contract. Sam then reveals that she has sold the website for $1,000, and because of their voided contract, Freddie is not entitled to any of the profit. Sam later turns to Spencer to help with a strange nightmare she has been having about a monster eating her soup.\n</p>\nCarly and Griffin's relationship advances happily and without flaw, until Griffin reveals that he obsessively and neurotically collects a series of stuffed animals called \"Pee Wee Babies\" (a parody of <a href=\"/wiki/Beanie_Babies\" title=\"Beanie Babies\">Beanie Babies</a>). Carly is taken aback, and consults Sam about Griffin's compulsive collection, and considers breaking up with him because of it. The girls eventually begin passing jokes about Griffin and his plush toy collection. Griffin, who had come to see Carly, overhears their conversation as they mock his collection; he is deeply insulted and upset with Carly for making fun of him, and immediately ends their relationship. Despite this, Carly is relieved that Griffin is gone.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep42\" style=\"text-align:center\">42</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">17</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iReunite with Missy\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Adam Weissman</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Jake Farrow</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">May 16, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-05-16</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc218\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">218</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">4.30<sup id=\"cite_ref-19\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-19\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>19<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nCarly's old friend, Missy Robinson from when they were young, returns to Seattle and tries to become Carly's only best friend and replace Sam. After inviting Sam and Carly to a ride on helicopter, she texts Sam the wrong address, sending her to a piñata shell factory instead. Missy then \"accidentally\" destroys Sam's cell phone, and gives her expired chocolates, which make Sam fall sick right before the webcast while Missy substitutes for her. Sam realizes Missy is up to something, but no one believes her since they think that Sam is just being paranoid. When Carly is not around, Missy confesses to Sam, believing that Carly will not believe anything bad about Missy. Sam is forced to ask Freddie for help although he initially refuses because he is mad at her for violating his clothes at school until she admits this is the first time she had ever <i>asked</i> him for his help in a serious situation. When he wins a six month cruise that was given to him by the school, he gives it to Missy so she will go away. Shortly after Missy is awarded with the cruise, Carly overhears Missy's plans to destroy her and Sam's friendship and abandons Missy angrily. Later, Wendy tells Carly that Freddie gave the trip to Missy and Carly realizes that Freddie does care about Sam. Carly then mentions that Missy used to get seasick but probably got over it, however in the last scene it is shown that Missy still does get seasick and the cruise is anything but luxurious. Elsewhere, while packing for a camping trip, Spencer is locked in the basement by Chuck, who is seeking revenge on Spencer for telling on him and getting him grounded for playing racquetball in the lobby for two days when he was filling in for Lewbert in the episode iHurt Lewbert, so Chuck says that Spencer is \"grounded\" for two days. Chuck is eventually caught and is grounded by his father once again, only though Spencer remains trapped in the basement.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep43\" style=\"text-align:center\">43</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">18</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iTake on Dingo\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">David Kendall</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Jake Farrow</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">June 13, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-06-13</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc226\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">226</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">3.40<sup id=\"cite_ref-20\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-20\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>20<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nAfter an episode of iCarly, Wendy and other kids at school tell Carly, Sam and Freddie that a show on the Dingo Channel (parody of <a href=\"/wiki/Disney_Channel\" title=\"Disney Channel\">Disney Channel</a>) called \"Totally Teri\" used Random Dancing in an episode, calling it \"Random Jumping\" while her little brother was watching it. Carly, Sam, and Freddie find out that they even spoofed \"Messin' with Lewbert\" calling it \"Messin' with Rupert\". Spencer and the iCarly team go to Hollywood to settle the issue, staying in a very low-quality, seedy motel that Sam's mom recommended. Visiting Dingo Studios, Carly and Sam confront the \"Totally Teri\" writers, who confess that they are <a href=\"/wiki/Plagiarizing\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Plagiarizing\">plagiarizing</a> iCarly skits to use for their show; they claim they have rights to do so since they have lawyers, money, and power. Meanwhile, Spencer and Freddie find Charles Dingo's rumored frozen head (a parody of an urban legend surrounding <a href=\"/wiki/Walt_Disney\" title=\"Walt Disney\">Walt Disney</a> being cryogenically frozen after his death) and come up with a plan. The next day, the iCarly group threatens to release depictions of Dingo's frozen head on iCarly.com unless the writers swear not to steal the show's ideas again. The writers swear on camera that they will never do it again, but Sam makes two of the writers wear bikini tops and fight with dog food on the show as revenge for stealing their ideas.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep44\" style=\"text-align:center\">44</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">19</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iMust Have Locker 239<span class=\"anchor\" id=\"239\"></span>\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">David Kendall</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Eric Goldberg & Peter Tibbals</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">June 27, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-06-27</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc220'"`UNIQ\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">220<sup id=\"cite_ref-21\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-21\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>21<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td><td style=\"text-align:center\">3.98<sup id=\"cite_ref-22\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\n<span class=\"anchor\" id=\"239\"></span>Sam and Freddie are forced to share the school's biggest and best locker after winning a contest to see how many Fat Cakes were in a jar. After Sam continually uses the locker to throw parties and get Freddie in trouble, Freddie offers Sam $200 for her half of their locker, and Sam approves. A few moments later, Sam's mom comes to pick Sam up after getting laser eye surgery, and inadvertently destroys the locker by backing into the school wall with her car. Sam jumps in the car with Freddie's money, leaving him face to face with Mr. Howard. Elsewhere, Carly tries to get some art lessons from Spencer after drawing an ugly bunny during the webcast, he instead teaches her about sculpting, leading her to drop the lessons. Carly takes an art class at the Seattle Community Center. Spencer barges in, telling the teacher she is not teaching \"art\" correctly, which results in a fight, as they splatter paint on each other, resulting in Spencer and Carly getting banned from the center. After Spencer apologises to Carly and offers to teach her to draw, the art teacher arrives and admits Spencer was right about being spontaneous and passionate in order to become a true artist; the two then share a kiss.</div></td></tr>\n <tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep45\" style=\"text-align:center\">45</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">20</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iTwins\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Russ Reinsel</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Eric Goldberg & Peter Tibbals</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">July 11, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-07-11</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc224\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">224</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">5.22<sup id=\"cite_ref-23\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-23\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>23<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nCarly and Sam assume that Freddie is gullible after they trick him into coming to school dressed as a clown. Sam later gets annoyed when her twin sister Melanie comes home for three days. Believing it is just another of Sam and Carly's pranks to show how gullible he is, Freddie does not believe it, so he invites Melanie to a dance with him as his date. The plan to prove Melanie is really \"Sam\" takes an unexpected turn when Melanie kisses Freddie, who then becomes extremely paranoid. Since Freddie refuses to believe it, Sam \"admits\" to Freddie that there is no Melanie. Satisfied, Freddie leaves right before Melanie arrives to go to the mall with Sam and Carly, proving Freddie wrong. Elsewhere, Carly tutors Spencer's nemesis Chuck in math, and Spencer tries to prove to Carly how evil Chuck really is. After several failed attempts, he sets up a secret webcam which captures Chuck harming Spencer when Carly is not in the room. Angered by Chuck's deception, Carly gets revenge on Chuck by telling him there is a new number called \"derf\" between 5 and 6, and because of this, Chuck fails his math test. Although Chuck blames Carly, his dad doesn't. Spencer gives Chuck's dad a brochure about a summer math camp he attended as a kid, called Camp Add-em-Up, sending Chuck to math camp for the whole summer.</div></td></tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent module-episode-list-row\" style=\"text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit\"><th scope=\"row\" rowspan=\"1\" id=\"ep46\" style=\"text-align:center\">46</th><td style=\"text-align:center\">21</td><td class=\"summary\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:left\">\"iFight Shelby Marx\"</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Steve Hoefer</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">Dan Schneider</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">August 8, 2009<span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday dtstart published updated itvstart\">2009-08-08</span>)</span></td><td id=\"pc221–222\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"text-align:center\">221–222</td><td style=\"text-align:center\">7.86<sup id=\"cite_ref-24\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-24\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>24<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class=\"expand-child\"><td class=\"description\" colspan=\"8\" style=\"border-bottom:solid 3px #9400B6\">\n<div class=\"shortSummaryText\" style=\"max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em\">\nAfter watching martial-arts champ Shelby Marx win another MMA match on TV, Carly jokingly challenges Shelby to a match while on the webcast. However, someone then edits the joke challenge to make it look and sound serious, which Shelby sees and surprises a frightened Carly by wanting to fight her. However, as Shelby promises not to hurt her, they agree to have an exhibition fight for charity. Unfortunately, Carly accidentally falls on Shelby's sickly grandmother during a press conference after Sam teaches her how to \"trash talk\", causing Shelby to get angry. Fearing that Shelby will hurt her Carly withdraws the fight only to be ridiculed as a coward by her friends, teachers, and Nevel. Carly visits Shelby and apologizes, and the fight is back on, with Shelby again promising to go easy on her. Nevel later alters a clip of the press conference to make it look like Carly intentionally tackled Shelby's grandma to dupe Shelby into fighting Carly. Shelby, furious, legitimately attacks Carly during the match. Carly clings onto Shelby's leg for the rest of the fight to avoid being hit. Nevel's plot is revealed and as punishment, he is trapped in a cage with an angry Shelby, Carly, and Sam. Shelby later appears on iCarly, now firm friends with the gang. Elsewhere, Spencer suffers from ridiculous side effects while taking an experimental allergy medication given to him by a doctor. The effects include sweating, itching, uncontrollable thirst, short-term memory loss, and muscle spasms.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1237879425\">.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable tr.vevent,.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable tr.vevent th{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable .summary{text-align:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .module-episode-list-row small[style]{color:#d5d584!important;background:#333;padding:8px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable span[style^=\"color\"]{color:inherit!important;border-bottom:dotted 1px}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .module-episode-list-row small[style]{color:#d5d584!important;background:#333;padding:8px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable span[style^=\"color\"]{color:inherit!important;border-bottom:dotted 1px}}</style>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=ICarly_season_2&action=edit&section=6\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist reflist-columns references-column-width\" style=\"column-width: 30em;\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120302024503/http://danwarp.blogspot.com/2009/09/icarly-second-season-third-season-huh.html\">\"DanWarp: iCarly: Second Season? Third Season? Huh?!?\"</a>. Danwarp.blogspot.com. September 1, 2009. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://danwarp.blogspot.com/2009/09/icarly-second-season-third-season-huh.html\">the original</a> on March 2, 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">February 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DanWarp%3A+iCarly%3A+Second+Season%3F+Third+Season%3F+Huh%3F%21%3F&rft.pub=Danwarp.blogspot.com&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdanwarp.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F09%2Ficarly-second-season-third-season-huh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thestarscoop.com/interviews/nathan-kress-exclusive-interview/\">\"Nathan Kress Exclusive Interview\"</a>. The Star Scoop. August 4, 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">February 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nathan+Kress+Exclusive+Interview&rft.pub=The+Star+Scoop&rft.date=2009-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestarscoop.com%2Finterviews%2Fnathan-kress-exclusive-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Zap2it_Season_2-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Zap2it_Season_2_3-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Zap2it_Season_2_3-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://tvschedule.zap2it.com/overview.html?programSeriesId=SH00955679&tabName=guide&season=2\">\"<i>iCarly</i> Season 2 Episode Guide\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Zap2it\" title=\"Zap2it\">Zap2it</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=iCarly+Season+2+Episode+Guide&rft.pub=Zap2it&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftvschedule.zap2it.com%2Foverview.html%3FprogramSeriesId%3DSH00955679%26tabName%3Dguide%26season%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span> Note: This covers episodes in the seasons 2 and 3 articles.</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-gov-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-gov_4-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-gov_4-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://cocatalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?Search_Arg=icarly&Search_Code=FT*&CNT=25&HIST=1\">\"Public Catalog\"</a>. United States Copyright Office<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">April 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Public+Catalog&rft.pub=United+States+Copyright+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcocatalog.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2FPwebrecon.cgi%3FSearch_Arg%3Dicarly%26Search_Code%3DFT%2A%26CNT%3D25%26HIST%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20121019222650/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2008/10/21/alcs-game-7-more-watched-than-mnf-future-president-and-spongebob/6590/\">\"ALCS Game 7 More Watched Than MNF, Future President and Spongebob\"</a>. <i>TVbytheNumbers</i>. October 21, 2008. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2008/10/21/alcs-game-7-more-watched-than-mnf-future-president-and-spongebob/6590/\">the original</a> on October 19, 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">February 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TVbytheNumbers&rft.atitle=ALCS+Game+7+More+Watched+Than+MNF%2C+Future+President+and+Spongebob&rft.date=2008-10-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.zap2it.com%2F2008%2F10%2F21%2Falcs-game-7-more-watched-than-mnf-future-president-and-spongebob%2F6590%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131109004303/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2008/11/11/obama-beats-mccain-monday-night-football-and-yes-even-spongebob/7928/\">\"Nielsen Weekly Cable Top 20 - Election Coverage, Monday Night Football and iCarly: iGo to Japan - Ratings | TVbytheNumbers\"</a>. Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2008/11/11/obama-beats-mccain-monday-night-football-and-yes-even-spongebob/7928/\">the original</a> on November 9, 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">June 11,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nielsen+Weekly+Cable+Top+20+-+Election+Coverage%2C+Monday+Night+Football+and+iCarly%3A+iGo+to+Japan+-+Ratings+%26%23124%3B+TVbytheNumbers&rft.pub=Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.zap2it.com%2F2008%2F11%2F11%2Fobama-beats-mccain-monday-night-football-and-yes-even-spongebob%2F7928%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.com/2008/11/18/football-though-not-nfl-network-jeff-dunham-and-icarly-lead-weekly-cable-viewing/8369\">Football (though not NFL Network), Jeff Dunham and iCarly lead weekly cable viewing</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140219034027/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2008/11/18/football-though-not-nfl-network-jeff-dunham-and-icarly-lead-weekly-cable-viewing/8369/\">Archived</a> February 19, 2014, at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a> Posted on November 18, 2008 by Robert Seidman</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20081218024420/http://www.usatoday.com/life/television/news/nielsens-charts.htm\">\"Nielsens ratings for Dec. 8−14\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/USA_Today\" title=\"USA Today\">USA Today</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/life/television/news/nielsens-charts.htm\">the original</a> on December 18, 2008<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">November 27,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nielsens+ratings+for+Dec.+8%E2%88%9214&rft.pub=USA+Today&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Flife%2Ftelevision%2Fnews%2Fnielsens-charts.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20121013233527/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/01/06/bowl-games-icarly-and-wwe-raw-lead-weekly-cable-viewing-nostradamus-no-match-for-spongebob/10239/\">\"Bowl Games, iCarly and WWE Raw lead weekly cable viewing; Nostradamus no match for SpongeBob – Ratings | TVbytheNumbers\"</a>. Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/01/06/bowl-games-icarly-and-wwe-raw-lead-weekly-cable-viewing-nostradamus-no-match-for-spongebob/10239/\">the original</a> on October 13, 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">February 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bowl+Games%2C+iCarly+and+WWE+Raw+lead+weekly+cable+viewing%3B+Nostradamus+no+match+for+SpongeBob+%E2%80%93+Ratings+%26%23124%3B+TVbytheNumbers&rft.pub=Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.zap2it.com%2F2009%2F01%2F06%2Fbowl-games-icarly-and-wwe-raw-lead-weekly-cable-viewing-nostradamus-no-match-for-spongebob%2F10239%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/01/21/wwe-raw-cinderella-icarly-and-monk-lead-weekly-cable-viewing/11185\">Updated:WWE RAW, Cinderella, iCarly and Monk lead weekly cable viewing</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120905221842/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/01/21/wwe-raw-cinderella-icarly-and-monk-lead-weekly-cable-viewing/11185/\">Archived</a> September 5, 2012, at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a> Posted on January 21, 2009 by Robert Seidman</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFSeidman2009\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Seidman, Robert (February 10, 2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120826123215/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/02/10/monk-wwe-raw-the-closer-and-burn-notice-lead-cable-viewing/12499/\">\"<i>Monk</i>, <i>WWE RAW</i>, <i>The Closer</i> and <i>Burn Notice</i> lead cable viewing\"</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/02/10/monk-wwe-raw-the-closer-and-burn-notice-lead-cable-viewing/12499\">the original</a> on August 26, 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">September 15,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monk%2C+WWE+RAW%2C+The+Closer+and+Burn+Notice+lead+cable+viewing&rft.date=2009-02-10&rft.aulast=Seidman&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.com%2F2009%2F02%2F10%2Fmonk-wwe-raw-the-closer-and-burn-notice-lead-cable-viewing%2F12499&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-12\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/tv-season/icarly-the-complete-series/id577227657\">iCarly, The Complete Series on iTunes</a></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100325225733/https://movieweb.com/news/NEf2hofjEJYFil/\">\"Internet Sensation Fred to Get His Own TV Movie\"</a>. MovieWeb.com. March 24, 2010. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.movieweb.com/news/NEf2hofjEJYFil\">the original</a> on March 25, 2010<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">March 25,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Sensation+Fred+to+Get+His+Own+TV+Movie&rft.pub=MovieWeb.com&rft.date=2010-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.movieweb.com%2Fnews%2FNEf2hofjEJYFil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-14\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120917023915/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/03/10/icarly-burn-notice-and-wwe-raw-top-cable-charts/14228/\">\"iCarly, Burn Notice and WWE RAW top cable charts - Ratings | TVbytheNumbers\"</a>. Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/03/10/icarly-burn-notice-and-wwe-raw-top-cable-charts/14228/\">the original</a> on September 17, 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">June 11,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=iCarly%2C+Burn+Notice+and+WWE+RAW+top+cable+charts+-+Ratings+%26%23124%3B+TVbytheNumbers&rft.pub=Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.zap2it.com%2F2009%2F03%2F10%2Ficarly-burn-notice-and-wwe-raw-top-cable-charts%2F14228%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-15\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/03/24/wwe-raw-hannah-montana-and-northern-lights-lead-cable-show-rankings/15073\">WWE RAW, Hannah Montana and Northern Lights lead cable show rankings</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090327100447/http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/03/24/wwe-raw-hannah-montana-and-northern-lights-lead-cable-show-rankings/15073\">Archived</a> March 27, 2009, at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a> Posted on March 24, 2009 by Robert Seidman</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-16\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/04/14/wwe-raw-and-nora-roberts-tribute-bookend-cable-top-20-rescue-mepremieres/16701\">WWE RAW and Nora Roberts Tribute bookend cable top 20, Rescue Me premieres</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100326153932/http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/04/14/wwe-raw-and-nora-roberts-tribute-bookend-cable-top-20-rescue-mepremieres/16701\">Archived</a> March 26, 2010, at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a> Posted on April 14, 2009 by Robert Seidman</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-17\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-17\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/04/28/wwe-raw-nfl-draft-and-yankees-red-sox-lead-weekly-cable-viewing/17595\">Updated: WWE RAW, NFL Draft and Yankees / Red Sox Lead Weekly Cable Viewing</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100429075640/http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/04/28/wwe-raw-nfl-draft-and-yankees-red-sox-lead-weekly-cable-viewing/17595\">Archived</a> April 29, 2010, at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a> Posted on April 28, 2009 by Robert Seidman</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-18\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-18\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120923191804/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/05/12/on-cable-icarly-kobe-lebron-wwe-raw-and-spongebob/18531/\">\"On cable, iCarly > Kobe, Lebron, WWE RAW and SpongeBob - Ratings | TVbytheNumbers\"</a>. Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/05/12/on-cable-icarly-kobe-lebron-wwe-raw-and-spongebob/18531/\">the original</a> on September 23, 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">June 11,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+cable%2C+iCarly+%3E+Kobe%2C+Lebron%2C+WWE+RAW+and+SpongeBob+-+Ratings+%26%23124%3B+TVbytheNumbers&rft.pub=Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.zap2it.com%2F2009%2F05%2F12%2Fon-cable-icarly-kobe-lebron-wwe-raw-and-spongebob%2F18531%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-19\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-19\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/05/19/nba-playoffs-nascar-and-wwe-raw/19069\">NBA Playoffs, NASCAR and WWE RAW lead cable</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090521131059/http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/05/19/nba-playoffs-nascar-and-wwe-raw/19069\">Archived</a> May 21, 2009, at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a> Posted on May 19, 2009 by Robert Seidman</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-20\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-20\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/06/16/nickelodeons-penguins-is-basic-cables-1-kids-show-with-total-viewers-for-the-week/20807\">Nickelodeon’s Penguins is Basic Cable’s # 1 Kids’ Show with Total Viewers for the Week</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100928185448/http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/06/16/nickelodeons-penguins-is-basic-cables-1-kids-show-with-total-viewers-for-the-week/20807\">Archived</a> September 28, 2010, at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a> Posted on June 16, 2009 by Robert Seidman</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-21\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-21\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://cocatalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?v1=33&ti=26,33&Search_Arg=icarly&Search_Code=FT*&CNT=25&SID=1\">\"Public Catalog - iCarly episode iMust Have Locker 239\"</a>. United States Copyright Office<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">April 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Public+Catalog+-+iCarly+episode+iMust+Have+Locker+239&rft.pub=United+States+Copyright+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcocatalog.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2FPwebrecon.cgi%3Fv1%3D33%26ti%3D26%2C33%26Search_Arg%3Dicarly%26Search_Code%3DFT%2A%26CNT%3D25%26SID%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-22\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-22\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFGorman2009\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Gorman, Bill (June 30, 2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120812224231/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/06/30/nick-scores-top-three-kids%E2%80%99-programs-in-2q-icarly-spongebob-squarepants-and-the-penguins-of-madagascar/21682/\">\"Nick Scores Top Three Kids' Programs in 2Q: iCarly, SpongeBob SquarePants and The Penguins of Madagascar\"</a>. <i>tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com</i>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/06/30/nick-scores-top-three-kids’-programs-in-2q-icarly-spongebob-squarepants-and-the-penguins-of-madagascar/21682\">the original</a> on August 12, 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">June 12,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com&rft.atitle=Nick+Scores+Top+Three+Kids%27+Programs+in+2Q%3A+iCarly%2C+SpongeBob+SquarePants+and+The+Penguins+of+Madagascar&rft.date=2009-06-30&rft.aulast=Gorman&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.zap2it.com%2F2009%2F06%2F30%2Fnick-scores-top-three-kids%E2%80%99-programs-in-2q-icarly-spongebob-squarepants-and-the-penguins-of-madagascar%2F21682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-23\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-23\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120616060030/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/07/14/the-closer-tops-cable-shows-cnns-jackson-memorial-scores-big/22800/\">\"Cable Top 20- July 14, 2009\"</a>. Tvbythenumbers.com. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/07/14/the-closer-tops-cable-shows-cnns-jackson-memorial-scores-big/22800\">the original</a> on June 16, 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">September 14,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cable+Top+20-+July+14%2C+2009&rft.pub=Tvbythenumbers.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.com%2F2009%2F07%2F14%2Fthe-closer-tops-cable-shows-cnns-jackson-memorial-scores-big%2F22800&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AICarly+season+2\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-24\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-24\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20101222173449/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/08/11/icarly-burn-notice-the-closer-royal-pains-wwe-raw-and-monk-top-weeks-cable-shows/24562\">TV by the Numbers</a></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1129693374\">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"iCarly\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239400231\">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:\"[ \"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:\" ]\"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class=\"navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini\"><ul><li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:ICarly\" title=\"Template:ICarly\"><abbr title=\"View this template\">v</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:ICarly\" title=\"Template talk:ICarly\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\">t</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-edit\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ICarly\" title=\"Special:EditPage/Template:ICarly\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id=\"iCarly\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><i><b><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly\" title=\"ICarly\">iCarly</a></b></i></div></th></tr><tr><td class=\"navbox-abovebelow\" colspan=\"2\"><div>\n<ul><li>Original series (2007–2012)</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_(2021_TV_series)\" title=\"ICarly (2021 TV series)\">Revival series</a> (2021–2023)</li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_iCarly_episodes\" title=\"List of iCarly episodes\">2007 series episodes</a></th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_season_1\" title=\"ICarly season 1\">1</a></li>\n<li><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_season_3\" title=\"ICarly season 3\">3</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_season_4\" title=\"ICarly season 4\">4</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_season_5\" title=\"ICarly season 5\">5</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_season_6\" title=\"ICarly season 6\">6</a>\n<ul><li>\"<a href=\"/wiki/IGoodbye\" title=\"IGoodbye\">iGoodbye</a>\"</li></ul></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_(2021_TV_series)#Episodes\" title=\"ICarly (2021 TV series)\">2021 series episodes</a></th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_(2021_TV_series)#Season_1_(2021)\" title=\"ICarly (2021 TV series)\">1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_(2021_TV_series)#Season_2_(2022)\" title=\"ICarly (2021 TV series)\">2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_(2021_TV_series)#Season_3_(2023)\" title=\"ICarly (2021 TV series)\">3</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Television films</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/IGo_to_Japan\" title=\"IGo to Japan\">iGo to Japan</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/IParty_with_Victorious\" title=\"IParty with Victorious\">iParty with Victorious</a></i></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Video games</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_(video_game)\" title=\"ICarly (video game)\">iCarly</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_2:_iJoin_the_Click!\" title=\"ICarly 2: iJoin the Click!\">iCarly 2: iJoin the Click!</a></i></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Music</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"></div><table class=\"nowraplinks navbox-subgroup\" style=\"border-spacing:0\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Soundtracks</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly_(soundtrack)\" title=\"ICarly (soundtrack)\">iCarly</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/ICarly:_iSoundtrack_II\" title=\"ICarly: iSoundtrack II\">iCarly: iSoundtrack II</a></i></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Songs</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li>\"<a href=\"/wiki/Leave_It_All_to_Me\" title=\"Leave It All to Me\">Leave It All to Me</a>\"</li>\n<li>\"<a href=\"/wiki/Stay_My_Baby#Miranda_Cosgrove_version\" title=\"Stay My Baby\">Stay My Baby</a>\"</li>\n<li>\"<a href=\"/wiki/About_You_Now#Miranda_Cosgrove_version\" title=\"About You Now\">About You Now</a>\"</li></ul>\n</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Related</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_iCarly_characters\" title=\"List of iCarly characters\">Characters</a></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Drake_%26_Josh\" title=\"Drake & Josh\">Drake & Josh</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Victorious\" title=\"Victorious\">Victorious</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Sam_%26_Cat\" title=\"Sam & Cat\">Sam & Cat</a></i></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐56848dbf48‐cxvgc\nCached time: 20250104010634\nCache expiry: 2592000\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc]\nCPU time usage: 0.645 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.748 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5389/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 263634/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 3167/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 22/100\nExpensive parser function count: 4/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 1/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 74016/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.410/10.000 seconds\nLua memory 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vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"main-menu-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-main-menu\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Main menu</div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-navigation\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tNavigation\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"n-mainpage-description\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Main_Page\" title=\"Visit the main page [z]\" accesskey=\"z\"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id=\"n-contents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents\" title=\"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id=\"n-currentevents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:Current_events\" title=\"Articles related to current events\"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id=\"n-randompage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:Random\" title=\"Visit a randomly selected article [x]\" accesskey=\"x\"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id=\"n-aboutsite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:About\" title=\"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id=\"n-contactpage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us\" title=\"How to contact Wikipedia\"><span>Contact us</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t\n<div id=\"p-interaction\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tContribute\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"n-help\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Contents\" title=\"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id=\"n-introduction\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction\" title=\"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id=\"n-portal\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal\" title=\"The hub for editors\"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id=\"n-recentchanges\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:RecentChanges\" title=\"A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]\" accesskey=\"r\"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id=\"n-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard\" title=\"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\"><span>Upload file</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\n<a href=\"/wiki/Main_Page\" class=\"mw-logo\">\n\t<img class=\"mw-logo-icon\" src=\"/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png\" alt=\"\" aria-hidden=\"true\" height=\"50\" width=\"50\">\n\t<span class=\"mw-logo-container skin-invert\">\n\t\t<img class=\"mw-logo-wordmark\" alt=\"Wikipedia\" src=\"/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg\" style=\"width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;\">\n\t\t<img class=\"mw-logo-tagline\" alt=\"The Free Encyclopedia\" src=\"/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg\" width=\"117\" height=\"13\" style=\"width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;\">\n\t</span>\n</a>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-end\">\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-search\" role=\"search\" class=\"vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box\">\n\t<a href=\"/wiki/Special:Search\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search\"></span>\n\n<span>Search</span>\n\t</a>\n\t<div class=\"vector-typeahead-search-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width\">\n\t\t\t<form action=\"/w/index.php\" id=\"searchform\" class=\"cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"simpleSearch\" class=\"cdx-search-input__input-wrapper\" data-search-loc=\"header-moved\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"cdx-text-input__input\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\" aria-label=\"Search Wikipedia\" autocapitalize=\"sentences\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"searchInput\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon\"></span>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title\" value=\"Special:Search\">\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button\">Search</button>\n\t\t\t</form>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide\" aria-label=\"Personal tools\">\n\t<div class=\"vector-user-links-main\">\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-preferences\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-userpage\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown \" title=\"Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Appearance\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Appearance</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t</nav>\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-notifications\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-overflow\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-sitesupport-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" class=\"\"><span>Donate</span></a>\n</li>\n<li id=\"pt-createaccount-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=K.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" title=\"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\" class=\"\"><span>Create account</span></a>\n</li>\n<li id=\"pt-login-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=K.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" title=\"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\" accesskey=\"o\" class=\"\"><span>Log in</span></a>\n</li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t</div>\n\t\n<div id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out\" title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Personal tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item\" title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-sitesupport\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-createaccount\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=K.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" title=\"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd\"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-login\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=K.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" title=\"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\" accesskey=\"o\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-user-menu-anon-editor\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPages for logged out editors <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction\" aria-label=\"Learn more about editing\"><span>learn more</span></a>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-anoncontribs\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyContributions\" title=\"A list of edits made from this IP address [y]\" accesskey=\"y\"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-anontalk\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyTalk\" title=\"Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]\" accesskey=\"n\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</nav>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t</header>\n</div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-navigation\">\n\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel\" class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\t\n\t\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents</h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Biography\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Biography\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Biography</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Biography-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Political_life\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Political_life\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Political life</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Political_life-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"></span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Political life subsection</span>\n\t\t\t</button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Political_life-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"toc-Electoral_history\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Electoral_history\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2.1</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Electoral history</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Electoral_history-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Tamil_Nadu_minister\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Tamil_Nadu_minister\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Tamil Nadu minister</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Tamil_Nadu_minister-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Speaker\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Speaker\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Speaker</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Speaker-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Notes\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Notes\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Notes</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Notes-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">K. A. Mathiazhagan</span></h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 1 language\" >\n\t<label id=\"p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">1 language</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87._%E0%AE%8F._%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D\" title=\"கே. ஏ. மதியழகன் – Tamil\" lang=\"ta\" hreflang=\"ta\" data-title=\"கே. ஏ. மதியழகன்\" data-language-autonym=\"தமிழ்\" data-language-local-name=\"Tamil\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li>\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6323047#sitelinks-wikipedia\" title=\"Edit interlanguage links\" class=\"wbc-editpage\">Edit links</a></span></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n</header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/K._A._Mathiazhagan\" title=\"View the content 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A. Mathiazhagan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-full-data\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546\"></td></tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-header\" style=\"color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Speaker_(politics)\" title=\"Speaker (politics)\">Speaker of Tamil Nadu legislative assembly</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-full-data\" style=\"border-bottom:none\"><span class=\"nowrap\"><b>In office</b></span><br />1971–1972</td><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546\"></tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-header\" style=\"color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Minister_of_Finance\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Minister of Finance\">Minister of Finance</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Government_of_Tamil_Nadu\" title=\"Government of Tamil Nadu\">Government of Tamil Nadu</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-full-data\" style=\"border-bottom:none\"><span class=\"nowrap\"><b>In office</b></span><br />1969–1970</td><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546\"></tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-header\" style=\"color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Minister_(government)\" title=\"Minister (government)\">Minister of Food, Revenue and Commercial Taxes</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Government_of_Tamil_Nadu\" title=\"Government of Tamil Nadu\">Government of Tamil Nadu</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-full-data\" style=\"border-bottom:none\"><span class=\"nowrap\"><b>In office</b></span><br />1967–1969</td></tr><tr style=\"display:none\"><td colspan=\"2\">\n</td></tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-header\" style=\"color: #202122; background:lavender\">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Born</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><div style=\"display:inline\" class=\"nickname\">Kaniyur A. Somasundaram</div><br /><span style=\"display:none\">(<span class=\"bday\">1926-12-07</span>)</span>7 December 1926<br /><a href=\"/wiki/Kaniyur,_Tamil_Nadu\" title=\"Kaniyur, Tamil Nadu\">Kaniyur</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Coimbatore\" title=\"Coimbatore\">Coimbatore</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Tamil_Nadu\" title=\"Tamil Nadu\">Tamil Nadu</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/India\" title=\"India\">India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Died</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">17 August 1983<span style=\"display:none\">(1983-08-17)</span> (aged 56)</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Spouse</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">Mrs. Raja Sundari Mathialagan</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Children</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">Late Mrs. Aruna Seralathan, Mrs. Malarvizhi Udayakumar, Mrs. Theanmozhi Yatish and Mr. Udhaya Suriyan</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-below\" style=\"border-top: 1px solid right;\"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p><b>K. A. Mathiazhagan</b> was an Indian politician and co-founder of the <a href=\"/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam\" title=\"Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam\">Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a> (DMK). He served as the Finance Minister, Minister of Food, Revenue and Commercial Taxes in the Tamil Nadu government and Speaker of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly.\n</p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp/toc\" />\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Biography\">Biography</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=K._A._Mathiazhagan&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Biography\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>He was born on 7 December 1926 in <a href=\"/wiki/Kaniyur,_Tamil_Nadu\" title=\"Kaniyur, Tamil Nadu\">Kaniyur</a> in <a href=\"/wiki/Coimbatore_district\" title=\"Coimbatore district\">Coimbatore district</a> (now <a href=\"/wiki/Tiruppur_district\" title=\"Tiruppur district\">Tiruppur district</a>) as Somasunduram. He studied at the Boarding High School in <a href=\"/wiki/Udumalpet\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Udumalpet\">Udumalpet</a>. He graduated from <a href=\"/wiki/Annamalai_University\" title=\"Annamalai University\">Annamalai University</a>. He also studied law and practiced as a lawyer. He was the younger brother of K. A. Murugesan, a Dravidar Kazhagam (DK) leader<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> and the elder brother of <a href=\"/wiki/K._A._Krishnaswamy\" title=\"K. A. Krishnaswamy\">K. A. Krishnaswamy</a> who later on became a minister in the M.G.R. government.<sup id=\"cite_ref-who_is_who_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-who_is_who-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> Their family is called \"The Kaniyur Family\" or the \"Kaniyur Kudumbam\" and was referred to as the foremost family of the Dravidian Movement by C. N. Annadurai, as a recognition given to the family for their contributions to the Dravidian Movement.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2011)\">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. He died on 17 August 1983 and at the age of 57 years.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Political_life\">Political life</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=K._A._Mathiazhagan&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: Political life\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>When <a href=\"/wiki/C._N._Annadurai\" title=\"C. N. Annadurai\">C. N. Annadurai</a> split from the DK and went on to form the DMK, Mathiazhagan became one of the founding leaders of the DMK along with Annadurai, <a href=\"/wiki/V._R._Nedunchezhiyan\" title=\"V. R. Nedunchezhiyan\">V. R. Nedunchezhiyan</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/E._V._K._Sampath\" title=\"E. V. K. Sampath\">E. V. K. Sampath</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/N._V._Natarajan\" title=\"N. V. Natarajan\">N. V. Natarajan</a>. Mathialagan along with the other four founding leaders is referred to as the \"Aimberum Thalaivargal\" after the mummunai struggle in 1950's (Five Great Leaders or Heads). He went on to become one of the early members of the DMK.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> He was elected to the <a href=\"/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_legislative_assembly\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Tamil Nadu legislative assembly\">Tamil Nadu legislative assembly</a> from <a href=\"/wiki/Thousand_Lights_(State_Assembly_Constituency)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Thousand Lights (State Assembly Constituency)\">Thousand Lights constituency</a> as a DMK candidate in the <a href=\"/wiki/1962_Tamil_Nadu_state_assembly_election\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"1962 Tamil Nadu state assembly election\">1962</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/1967_Tamil_Nadu_state_assembly_election\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"1967 Tamil Nadu state assembly election\">1967</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/1971_Tamil_Nadu_state_assembly_election\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"1971 Tamil Nadu state assembly election\">1971</a> elections.<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Electoral_history\">Electoral history</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=K._A._Mathiazhagan&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: Electoral history\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<table class=\"wikitable\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<th>Election\n</th>\n<th>Constituency\n</th>\n<th>Winner\n</th>\n<th>Votes\n</th>\n<th>Party\n</th>\n<th>Runner-up\n</th>\n<th>Votes\n</th>\n<th>Party\n</th>\n<th>Status\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/1962_Madras_legislative_assembly_election\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"1962 Madras legislative assembly election\">1962</a>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Thousand_Lights_(State_Assembly_Constituency)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Thousand Lights (State Assembly Constituency)\">Thousand lights</a>\n</td>\n<td>K. A. Mathiazhagan\n</td>\n<td>27,984\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam\" title=\"Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam\">DMK</a>\n</td>\n<td>Indrani Changalvarayan\n</td>\n<td>25,609\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Indian_National_Congress\" title=\"Indian National Congress\">INC</a>\n</td>\n<td>Won\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/1967_Tamil_Nadu_state_assembly_election\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"1967 Tamil Nadu state assembly election\">1967</a>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Thousand_Lights_(State_Assembly_Constituency)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Thousand Lights (State Assembly Constituency)\">Thousand lights</a>\n</td>\n<td>K. A. Mathiazhagan\n</td>\n<td>39,518\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam\" title=\"Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam\">DMK</a>\n</td>\n<td>M. Sivaraj\n</td>\n<td>25,370\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Indian_National_Congress\" title=\"Indian National Congress\">INC</a>\n</td>\n<td>Won\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/1971_Tamil_Nadu_state_assembly_election\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"1971 Tamil Nadu state assembly election\">1971</a>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Thousand_Lights_(State_Assembly_Constituency)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Thousand Lights (State Assembly Constituency)\">Thousand lights</a>\n</td>\n<td>K. A. Mathiazhagan\n</td>\n<td>38,891\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam\" title=\"Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam\">DMK</a>\n</td>\n<td>N. M. Mani Varma\n</td>\n<td>27,332\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Indian_National_Congress_(Organisation)\" title=\"Indian National Congress (Organisation)\">NCO</a>\n</td>\n<td>Won\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Tamil_Nadu_minister\">Tamil Nadu minister</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=K._A._Mathiazhagan&action=edit&section=4\" title=\"Edit section: Tamil Nadu minister\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>He served as a minister of Food, Revenue and Commercial Taxes in <a href=\"/wiki/C._N._Annadurai\" title=\"C. N. Annadurai\">C. N. Annadurai</a>'s administration from 6 March 1967 to 10 February 1969.<sup id=\"cite_ref-refannual_8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-refannual-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> He also served as Minister of Finance in <a href=\"/wiki/M._Karunanidhi\" title=\"M. Karunanidhi\">M. Karunanidhi</a>'s administration after the Annadurai's death. In September 1970 he resigned from the cabinet, citing moral and ethical issues after charges of corruption, involving the purchase of a bungalow, were brought upon him by the opposition. These charges were later on proved to be false.<sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> It is claimed in some quarters<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions\" title=\"Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch\"><span title=\"The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (December 2009)\">who?</span></a></i>]</sup>, that these charges were leveled against him because he was considered to be a threat to Karunanidhi's leadership.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Duncan_10-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Duncan-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Speaker\">Speaker</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=K._A._Mathiazhagan&action=edit&section=5\" title=\"Edit section: Speaker\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>He served as the Speaker of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from 1971 to 1972.<sup id=\"cite_ref-india_speakerslist_11-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-india_speakerslist-11\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-tamilnadu_speakerslist_12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-tamilnadu_speakerslist-12\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> <a href=\"/wiki/M._G._Ramachandran\" title=\"M. G. Ramachandran\">M. G. Ramachandran</a> was expelled from the DMK on 10 October 1972 and founded the party <a href=\"/wiki/Anna_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam\">Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a> (AIADMK). Mathiazhagan, the then speaker of the Tamil Nadu assembly, became an open supporter of Ramachandran.<sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>13<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>14<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>In 1972, he echoed the popular sentiment of that time, that the government had lost its credibility with the people, while being the speaker of the house. A rarity considering the fact that he was speaking the truth against his own party and by default jeopardising his own political future. This was followed by a constitutional drama which happened in late 1972 in the house. On 14 November, Mathiazhagan advised the then chief minister, M.Karunanidhi, to dissolve the house and face the electorate if the government was to earn its lost credibility. Karunanidhi caused the adjournment of the house against all norms. Mathiazhagan and Ramachandran, the leader of the AIADMK in the assembly, filed a writ petition questioning the validity of the whole action . On 2 December, when the assembly was re convened, both Speaker and Deputy Speaker were presiding over the proceedings and both were cancelling each other's actions. After hours of confusion Speaker Mathiazhagan left the house, adjourning the house. At this juncture, Karunanidhi, based on a motion authored in the name of V.R.Nedunchelian, declared that K.A.Mathiazhagan was removed from the post of the Speaker.\n</p><p><br />\nHe returned to DMK in 1974 and acted as deputy chairperson of planning commission of Tamil Nadu in the Kalaingar government. He acted as deputy general secretary of DMK till his last day.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Notes\">Notes</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=K._A._Mathiazhagan&action=edit&section=6\" title=\"Edit section: Notes\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id=\"CITEREFDr.K.M.Selvaraj2006\" class=\"citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source\">Dr.K.M.Selvaraj (2006). <i>Mamanithar Mathialagan</i> (in Tamil). Kaniyur pathipagam. p. 18.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mamanithar+Mathialagan&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Kaniyur+pathipagam&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Dr.K.M.Selvaraj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-who_is_who-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-who_is_who_2-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20110721181413/http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4880/10/MAU-1992-055-Appendices.pdf\">\"Tamil Nadu legislative assembly, who is who, 1971\"</a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4880/10/MAU-1992-055-Appendices.pdf\">the original</a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)</span> on 21 July 2011<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">6 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tamil+Nadu+legislative+assembly%2C+who+is+who%2C+1971&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdspace.vidyanidhi.org.in%3A8080%2Fdspace%2Fbitstream%2F2009%2F4880%2F10%2FMAU-1992-055-Appendices.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFKarunanidhi1972\" class=\"citation book cs1\"><a href=\"/wiki/M._Karunanidhi\" title=\"M. Karunanidhi\">Karunanidhi, M.</a> (1972). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=Um4KAQAAIAAJ&q=krishnasami\"><i>Reply to the memoranda presented to the President of India</i></a>. p. 10.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reply+to+the+memoranda+presented+to+the+President+of+India&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1972&rft.aulast=Karunanidhi&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUm4KAQAAIAAJ%26q%3Dkrishnasami&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFVijaya_Ramaswamy2007\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Vijaya Ramaswamy (2007). <span class=\"id-lock-limited\" title=\"Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio00rama\"><i>Historical dictionary of the Tamils</i></a></span>. Scarecrow Press, Inc. pp. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio00rama/page/n130\">60</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+dictionary+of+the+Tamils&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Vijaya+Ramaswamy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricaldictio00rama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf\">1962 Madras State Election Results, Election Commission of India</a></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf\">1967 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India</a></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_TN_71.pdf\">1971 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India</a></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-refannual-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-refannual_8-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation book cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=XE7VAAAAMAAJ\"><i>India, a reference annual</i></a>. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. 1968. p. 447.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%2C+a+reference+annual&rft.pages=447&rft.pub=Publications+Division%2C+Ministry+of+Information+and+Broadcasting&rft.date=1968&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXE7VAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFDr.K.M.Selvaraj2006\" class=\"citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source\">Dr.K.M.Selvaraj (2006). <i>Mamanithar Mathialagan</i> (in Tamil). Kaniyur pathipagam. p. 56.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mamanithar+Mathialagan&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=Kaniyur+pathipagam&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Dr.K.M.Selvaraj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Duncan-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Duncan_10-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFDuncan_Forrester1976\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Duncan Forrester (1976). \"Factions and Filmstars: Tamil Nadu Politics since 1971\". <i>Asian Survey</i>. <b>16</b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\">283–</span>296. <a href=\"/wiki/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\">doi</a>:<a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2643545\">10.2307/2643545</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"JSTOR (identifier)\">JSTOR</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/2643545\">2643545</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=Factions+and+Filmstars%3A+Tamil+Nadu+Politics+since+1971&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E283-%3C%2Fspan%3E296&rft.date=1976&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2643545&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2643545%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Duncan+Forrester&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-india_speakerslist-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-india_speakerslist_11-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083126/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm\">\"Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: Details of terms of successive Legislative Assemblies constituted under the Constitution of India\"</a>. Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm\">the original</a> on 6 October 2014.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tamil+Nadu+Legislative+Assembly%3A+Details+of+terms+of+successive+Legislative+Assemblies+constituted+under+the+Constitution+of+India&rft.pub=Government+of+Tamil+Nadu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.assembly.tn.gov.in%2Farchive%2Flist%2Fassemblies-overview.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-tamilnadu_speakerslist-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-tamilnadu_speakerslist_12-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090409221838/http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tamilnadu.htm\">\"Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: Details of terms of successive Legislative Assemblies constituted under the Constitution of India\"</a>. Government of India. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tamilnadu.htm\">the original</a> on 9 April 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">3 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tamil+Nadu+Legislative+Assembly%3A+Details+of+terms+of+successive+Legislative+Assemblies+constituted+under+the+Constitution+of+India&rft.pub=Government+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flegislativebodiesinindia.nic.in%2FSTATISTICAL%2Ftamilnadu.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4880/5/MAU-1992-055-4.pdf\">Chapter IV Office of the Speaker, Tamil Nadu legislative assembly</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20110721181440/http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4880/5/MAU-1992-055-4.pdf\">Archived</a> 2011-07-21 at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-14\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.expressindia.com/news/columnists/full_column.php?content_id=67021\">\"Executive dunnit: When the executive uses compliant speakers to subvert the will of the House\"</a>. The Indian Express. 24 March 2005<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Executive+dunnit%3A+When+the+executive+uses+compliant+speakers+to+subvert+the+will+of+the+House&rft.date=2005-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.expressindia.com%2Fnews%2Fcolumnists%2Ffull_column.php%3Fcontent_id%3D67021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+A.+Mathiazhagan\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐78d9ddc6fb‐snjwm\nCached time: 20241228173557\nCache expiry: 282256\nReduced expiry: true\nComplications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc]\nCPU time usage: 0.544 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.727 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 8707/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 45970/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 4417/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 18/100\nExpensive parser function count: 6/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 1/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 43750/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.311/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 8246881/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 689.397 1 -total\n 39.44% 271.906 1 Template:Infobox_officeholder\n 24.80% 170.951 1 Template:Reflist\n 16.52% 113.898 1 Template:Short_description\n 16.42% 113.177 5 Template:Cite_book\n 11.37% 78.359 17 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office\n 11.29% 77.859 1 Template:More_citations_needed\n 10.55% 72.751 1 Template:Ambox\n 9.14% 63.035 1 Template:Country2nationality\n 8.51% 58.650 2 Template:Pagetype\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:22265257:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241228173557 and revision id 1258134383. 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[o]\" accesskey=\"o\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-user-menu-anon-editor\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPages for logged out editors <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction\" aria-label=\"Learn more about editing\"><span>learn more</span></a>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-anoncontribs\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyContributions\" title=\"A list of edits made from this IP address [y]\" accesskey=\"y\"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-anontalk\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyTalk\" title=\"Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]\" accesskey=\"n\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</nav>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t</header>\n</div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-navigation\">\n\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel\" class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\t\n\t\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents</h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Race_card\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Race_card\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Race card</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Race_card-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Leading_contenders\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Leading_contenders\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Leading contenders</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Leading_contenders-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Finishing_order\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Finishing_order\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Finishing order</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Finishing_order-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Non-finishers\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Non-finishers\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Non-finishers</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Non-finishers-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Broadcasting\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Broadcasting\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Broadcasting</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Broadcasting-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Aftermath\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Aftermath\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">6</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Aftermath</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Aftermath-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Quotes\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Quotes\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">7</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Quotes</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Quotes-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li 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class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">2009 Grand National</span></h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input 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style=\"font-size:120%; background:#77DD77\">2009 Grand National</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-subheader\" style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:120%;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Grand_National\" title=\"Grand National\">Grand National</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-image\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:2009_grand_national_(2).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/51/2009_grand_national_%282%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"178\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-file-width=\"120\" data-file-height=\"142\" /></a></span><br /><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Owner_Mrs_Vida_Bingham.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Owner_Mrs_Vida_Bingham.svg/100px-Owner_Mrs_Vida_Bingham.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"156\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Owner_Mrs_Vida_Bingham.svg/150px-Owner_Mrs_Vida_Bingham.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Owner_Mrs_Vida_Bingham.svg/200px-Owner_Mrs_Vida_Bingham.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"799\" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Location</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><a href=\"/wiki/Aintree_Racecourse\" title=\"Aintree Racecourse\">Aintree Racecourse</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Date</th><td class=\"infobox-data\">4 April 2009</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\"><span class=\"nowrap\">Winning horse</span></th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\"><img alt=\"France\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></a></span></span> <a href=\"/wiki/Mon_Mome\" title=\"Mon Mome\">Mon Mome</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\"><a href=\"/wiki/Starting_price\" title=\"Starting price\">Starting price</a></th><td class=\"infobox-data\">100/1</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\"><a href=\"/wiki/Jockey\" title=\"Jockey\">Jockey</a></th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/England\" title=\"England\"><img alt=\"England\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"480\" /></a></span></span> <a href=\"/wiki/Liam_Treadwell\" title=\"Liam Treadwell\">Liam Treadwell</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\"><a href=\"/wiki/Horse_trainer\" title=\"Horse trainer\">Trainer</a></th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/England\" title=\"England\"><img alt=\"England\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"480\" /></a></span></span> <a href=\"/wiki/Venetia_Williams\" title=\"Venetia Williams\">Venetia Williams</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Owner</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/England\" title=\"England\"><img alt=\"England\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"480\" /></a></span></span> Vida Bingham</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\"><a href=\"/wiki/Going_(horse_racing)\" title=\"Going (horse racing)\">Conditions</a></th><td class=\"infobox-data\">Good</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-below\"><div style=\"width:100%\"><div style=\"float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;\" class=\"noprint\">← <a href=\"/wiki/2008_Grand_National\" title=\"2008 Grand National\">2008</a></div><div style=\"float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;\" class=\"noprint\"><a href=\"/wiki/2010_Grand_National\" title=\"2010 Grand National\">2010</a> →</div></div></td></tr></tbody></table>\n<link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546\"><table class=\"infobox\" style=\"width: 275px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em\"><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-above\" style=\"font-size:115%\">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-full-data\" style=\"text-align: left\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"video icon\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"128\" data-file-height=\"128\" /></span></span> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxbXMOXOIzM\">Replay of the 2009 Grand National in full</a> Racing TV, YouTube</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p>The <b>2009 Grand National</b> (officially known as the <b><a href=\"/wiki/John_Smith%27s_Brewery\" title=\"John Smith's Brewery\">John Smith's</a> Grand National</b> for sponsorship reasons) was the 162nd running of the <a href=\"/wiki/Grand_National\" title=\"Grand National\">Grand National</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Horse_racing\" title=\"Horse racing\">horse race</a> that took place at <a href=\"/wiki/Aintree_Racecourse\" title=\"Aintree Racecourse\">Aintree Racecourse</a> near <a href=\"/wiki/Liverpool\" title=\"Liverpool\">Liverpool</a>, England, on 4 April 2009.\n</p><p>A 100/1 outsider, the French-bred <a href=\"/wiki/Mon_Mome\" title=\"Mon Mome\">Mon Mome</a>, ridden by <a href=\"/wiki/Liam_Treadwell\" title=\"Liam Treadwell\">Liam Treadwell</a>, won the race by 12 <a href=\"/wiki/Horse_length\" title=\"Horse length\">lengths</a> from the <a href=\"/wiki/2008_Grand_National\" title=\"2008 Grand National\">previous year</a>'s winner <a href=\"/wiki/Comply_or_Die\" title=\"Comply or Die\">Comply or Die</a> (14/1) in a time of 9 minutes 34 seconds.<sup id=\"cite_ref-MMSeals_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-MMSeals-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> Mon Mome became the first 100/1 shot to win since <a href=\"/wiki/Foinavon\" title=\"Foinavon\">Foinavon</a> in <a href=\"/wiki/1967_Grand_National\" title=\"1967 Grand National\">1967</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-WhereFin_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WhereFin-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> He also became the first winner of the race to have been bred in France for 100 years.\n</p><p>Mon Mome was trained by <a href=\"/wiki/Venetia_Williams\" title=\"Venetia Williams\">Venetia Williams</a> at her <a href=\"/wiki/Herefordshire\" title=\"Herefordshire\">Herefordshire</a> stables and was owned by Vida Bingham of <a href=\"/wiki/East_Sussex\" title=\"East Sussex\">East Sussex</a>.\n</p><p>Seventeen runners completed the 4-mile 4 furlong course over Aintree's National circuit. <a href=\"/wiki/Hear_The_Echo\" title=\"Hear The Echo\">Hear The Echo</a> collapsed during the latter stages of the race and later died.\n</p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp/toc\" />\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Race_card\">Race card</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2009_Grand_National&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Race card\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p><small>Note: Trained in Great Britain unless otherwise stated in brackets.</small>\n</p>\n<ul><li>1: <b>Cloudy Lane,</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–10. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Jason_Maguire\" title=\"Jason Maguire\">Jason Maguire</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Donald_McCain,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Donald McCain, Jr. (page does not exist)\">Donald McCain, Jr.</a> Colours: white cap, green and yellow checked vest with white sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>2: <b>Chelsea Harbour</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–8. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Emmet_Mullins\" title=\"Emmet Mullins\">Emmet Mullins</a>; trainer: Tom Mullins (Ireland). Colours: white cap with black ring, orange vest with black star and orange and black diamond sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>3: <b>Snowy Morning</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–8. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Andrew_McNamara_(jockey)\" title=\"Andrew McNamara (jockey)\">Andrew McNamara</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Willie_Mullins\" title=\"Willie Mullins\">Willie Mullins</a> (Ireland). Colours: yellow and white checked cap, yellow and black striped vest with yellow sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>4: <b>Knowhere</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–7. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Paddy_Brennan_(jockey)\" title=\"Paddy Brennan (jockey)\">Paddy Brennan</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Nigel_Twiston-Davies\" title=\"Nigel Twiston-Davies\">Nigel Twiston-Davies</a>. Colours: green cap, vest and sleeves all with white stars.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>5: <b>Comply or Die</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–6. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Timmy_Murphy\" title=\"Timmy Murphy\">Timmy Murphy</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/David_Pipe_(racehorse_trainer)\" title=\"David Pipe (racehorse trainer)\">David Pipe</a>. Colours: white cap with blue stars, blue vest with green sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>6: <b>Ollie Magern</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–6. Jockey: Mr <a href=\"/wiki/Sam_Waley-Cohen\" title=\"Sam Waley-Cohen\">Sam Waley-Cohen</a>; trainer: Nigel Twiston-Davies. Colours: blue cap, blue vest with claret stars and claret sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>7: <b>Stan</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–6. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Aidan_Coleman\" title=\"Aidan Coleman\">Aidan Coleman</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Venetia_Williams\" title=\"Venetia Williams\">Venetia Williams</a>. Colours: pink cap, blue vest with pink and blue striped sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>8: <b>Black Apalachi</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–5. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Denis_O%27Regan_(jockey)\" title=\"Denis O'Regan (jockey)\">Denis O'Regan</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Dessie_Hughes\" title=\"Dessie Hughes\">Dessie Hughes</a> (Ireland). Colours: green cap with blue star, green vest with blue and green striped sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>9: <b>Hear The Echo</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–5. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Davy_Russell\" title=\"Davy Russell\">Davy Russell</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Mouse_Morris\" title=\"Mouse Morris\">Mouse Morris</a> (Ireland). Colours: claret cap with white star, claret vest with white star and white stripe to claret sleeve.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>10: <b>Preists Leap</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–5. Jockey Philip Enright; trainer: Gerald O'Leary (Ireland). Colours: blue cap with yellow star, blue vest with yellow star to chest and sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>11: <b>My Will</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–4. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Ruby_Walsh\" title=\"Ruby Walsh\">Ruby Walsh</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Paul_Nicholls_(horse_racing)\" title=\"Paul Nicholls (horse racing)\">Paul Nicholls</a>. Colours: red cap, white and black vest with red sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>12: <b>Eurotrek</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–3. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Sam_Thomas_(jockey)\" title=\"Sam Thomas (jockey)\">Sam Thomas</a>; trainer: Paul Nicholls. Colours: light blue cap, vest and sleeves with dark blue diamond.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>13: <b>State Of Play</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–2. Jockey: Paul Moloney; trainer: Evan Williams. Colours: blue cap, blue vest with pink stripe and blue sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>14: <b>Big Fella Thanks</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–1. Jockey: Christian Williams; trainer: Paul Nicholls. Colours: dark green and white checked cap, dark green vest with a white V and light green sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>15: <b>Mon Mome</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–0. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Liam_Treadwell\" title=\"Liam Treadwell\">Liam Treadwell</a>; trainer: Venetia Williams. Colours: green cap, green vest with blue and green stripe sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>16: <b>Silver Birch</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 11–0. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Robbie_Power\" title=\"Robbie Power\">Robbie Power</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Gordon_Elliott_(racehorse_trainer)\" title=\"Gordon Elliott (racehorse trainer)\">Gordon Elliott</a> (Ireland). Colours: blue cap, black vest with blue star, blue sleeves with black stars.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>17: <b>Butlers Cabin</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–13. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Tony_McCoy\" title=\"Tony McCoy\">Tony McCoy</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Jonjo_O%27Neill_(jockey)\" title=\"Jonjo O'Neill (jockey)\">Jonjo O'Neill</a>. Colours: white cap, green and orange striped vest and sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>18: <b>Offshore Account</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–13. Jockey: David Casey; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Charlie_Swan_(horse_racing)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Charlie Swan (horse racing)\">Charlie Swan</a>. Colours: orange and green checked cap, white vest and sleeves with green flashes to shoulder.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>19: <b>Parsons Legacy</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–12. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Richard_Johnson_(jockey)\" title=\"Richard Johnson (jockey)\">Richard Johnson</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Philip_Hobbs\" title=\"Philip Hobbs\">Philip Hobbs</a>. Colours: yellow cap, claret vest with yellow stripe and yellow sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>20: <b>Reveillez</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–12. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Mark_Walsh_(jockey)\" title=\"Mark Walsh (jockey)\">Mark Walsh</a>; trainer: Jonjo O'Neill. Colours: orange cap, green and orange striped vest and sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>21: <b>Fundamentalist</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–11. Jockey: David England; trainer: Nigel Twiston-Davies. Colours: orange cap, black and orange striped vest, black sleeves with orange stars.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>22: <b>Golden Flight</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–11. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Barry_Geraghty\" title=\"Barry Geraghty\">Barry Geraghty</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Nicky_Henderson\" title=\"Nicky Henderson\">Nicky Henderson</a>. Colours: yellow cap with blue rings, yellow and blue striped vest and sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>23: <b>Lami</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–11. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Robert_Thornton_(jockey)\" title=\"Robert Thornton (jockey)\">Robert Thornton</a>; trainer: Enda Bolger (Ireland). Colours: yellow and green checked cap, orange and green striped vest and sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>24: <b>Battlecry</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–10. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Tom_Scudamore\" title=\"Tom Scudamore\">Tom Scudamore</a>; trainer: Nigel Twiston-Davies. Colours: orange cap, yellow and green checked vest with white sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>25: <b>Cornish Sett</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–10. Jockey: Nick Scholfield; trainer: Paul Nicholls. Colours: black and white checked cap, black and white stripe vest with black and white checked sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>26: <b>Fleet Street</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–10. Jockey: Andrew Tinkler; trainer: Nicky Henderson. Colours: red and white checked cap, white vest and sleeves with red trim.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>27: <b>Musica Bella</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–10. Jockey: Philip Carberry; trainer: Francois Cottin (France). Colours: orange cap, black and orange striped vest and sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>28: <b>Can't Buy Time</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–9. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Noel_Fehily\" title=\"Noel Fehily\">Noel Fehily</a>; trainer: Jonjo O'Neill. Colours: blue cap, orange and green striped vest and sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>29: <b>Darkness</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–9. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Wayne_Hutchinson_(jockey)\" title=\"Wayne Hutchinson (jockey)\">Wayne Hutchinson</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Charles_Egerton_(racehorse_trainer)&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Charles Egerton (racehorse trainer) (page does not exist)\">Charles Egerton</a>. Colours: pink cap, pink and grey diamonded vest and sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>30: <b>Irish Invader</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–9. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Paul_Townend\" title=\"Paul Townend\">Paul Townend</a>; trainer: Willie Mullins (Ireland). Colours: blue cap with black spot, orange vest with white star and blue sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>31: <b>Rambling Minster</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–9. Jockey: James Reveley; trainer: Keith Reveley. Colours: blue cap, white vest and sleeves with blue stars.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>32: <b>Southern Vic</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–9. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Niall_Madden\" title=\"Niall Madden\">Niall Madden</a>; trainer: <a href=\"/wiki/Ted_Walsh\" title=\"Ted Walsh\">Ted Walsh</a> (Ireland). Colours: yellow cap with black star, yellow and black checked vest with black sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>33: <b>Kilbeggan Blade</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–7. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Graham_Lee_(jockey)\" title=\"Graham Lee (jockey)\">Graham Lee</a>; trainer: Tom George. Colours: red cap with blue diamond, Blue vest and sleeves with red diamond.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>34: <b>Brooklyn Brownie</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–6. Jockey: Phil Kinsella; trainer: Malcolm Jefferson. Colours: orange cap, brown and orange checked vest with brown sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>35: <b>Himalayan Trail</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–6. Jockey: Paddy Flood; trainer: Jimmy Mangan (Ireland). Colours: red cap, blue vest with white V and blue sleeves with white stripes.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>36: <b>Arteea</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–5. Jockey: Richie McGrath; trainer: David Pipe. Colours: white cap with black star, Green vest with white star and black and green striped sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>37: <b>Cerium</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–5. Jockey: Keith Mercer; trainer: Paul Murphy. Colours: green cap, Green vest with white star and black and green striped sleeves</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>38: <b>Idle Talk</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–5. Jockey: Brian Harding; trainer: Donald McCain Jr. Colours: green cap, yellow and green checked vest with white sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>39: <b>Kelami</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–5. Jockey: Derek Laverty; trainer: Lisa Williamson. Colours: red and white ringed cap, black vest with red and white striped sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<ul><li>40: <b>Zabenz</b></li></ul>\n<dl><dd>Weight: 10–5. Jockey: <a href=\"/wiki/Tom_O%27Brien_(jockey)\" title=\"Tom O'Brien (jockey)\">Tom O'Brien</a>; trainer: Philip Hobbs. Colours: green cap, beige vest and sleeves.</dd></dl>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Leading_contenders\">Leading contenders</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2009_Grand_National&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: Leading contenders\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>2007 <a href=\"/wiki/Irish_Grand_National\" title=\"Irish Grand National\">Irish Grand National</a> winner Butler's Cabin was made the favourite having fallen in the previous year's National when going well and in addition he had champion jockey Tony McCoy in the saddle. The favourite was still among a group of sixteen horses who still held serious chances with four fences to jump but he made a mistake at the 27th and was always struggling to get back on terms with those at the head of the group. After the race, jockey Tony McCoy said: \"He ran OK. He's probably still a bit high in the handicap. From Becher's on the second circuit he was just starting to get a little bit tired and he made a lot of little mistakes late on.\"\n</p><p>My Will was made favourite for the race after finishing fifth in the <a href=\"/wiki/Cheltenham_Gold_Cup\" title=\"Cheltenham Gold Cup\">Cheltenham Gold Cup</a> but was sent off as joint-second favourite on the day with two-time winning rider Ruby Walsh in the saddle. Despite a series of jumping errors the horse turned for the home straight marginally leading an unusually large contending pack of sixteen horses and briefly looked to be on the way to victory at the penultimate flight. The horse was quickly passed by the eventual winner and took the last flight in third place where he remained, finishing 13¼ lengths behind the winner. Jockey Ruby Walsh said: \"He was just hitting the fences low and I was really having to work hard at keeping him upright. We did well to stay on our feet.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-WhereFin_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WhereFin-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Rambling Minster was identified as the 'trend' horse after winning the <a href=\"/wiki/Grand_National\" title=\"Grand National\">Blue Square Gold Cup</a> at <a href=\"/wiki/Haydock_Park_Racecourse\" title=\"Haydock Park Racecourse\">Haydock</a> two months before the National. Despite ticking all the boxes the tipsters looked for in a potential National winner, he proved very disappointing in the race itself and was well to the rear when he was almost brought down at the 18th fence and was pulled up soon after. Jockey James Reveley said afterwards: \"He didn't take to it and just didn't like it. He jumped OK until he made a mistake down the back and he was looking after himself after that so I pulled up going down the back on the second circuit.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-WhereFin_2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WhereFin-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Black Apalachi had been a faller in the <a href=\"/wiki/2008_Grand_National\" title=\"2008 Grand National\">2008 Grand National</a> but became popular when he won the <a href=\"/wiki/Becher_Chase\" title=\"Becher Chase\">Becher Chase</a> over one circuit of the course in November and followed that by winning the <a href=\"/wiki/Bobbyjo_Chase\" title=\"Bobbyjo Chase\">Bobbyjo Chase</a> in February. He went straight to the front from the start, taking the lead at the third fence where he remained for over a circuit. He was still three lengths clear and going well when he stumbled on landing over <a href=\"/wiki/Becher%27s_Brook\" title=\"Becher's Brook\">Becher's Brook</a> and threw his rider Denis O'Reagan, who later said: \"It was very disappointing – he was travelling well and jumping from fence to fence. I don't know what happened until I see a replay.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-WhereFin_2-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WhereFin-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Comply Or Die was the defending champion and came within 12 lengths of being the first horse for over thirty years to win back-to-back Nationals. The horse jumped alongside Mon Mome at the final flight but was outpaced on the run-in. After, jockey Timmy Murphy said: \"He ran a blinder. Apart from failing to get 10 lengths closer to the winner I have no complaints whatsoever.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-WhereFin_2-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WhereFin-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>State Of Play had won the 2006 <a href=\"/wiki/Hennessy_Gold_Cup\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Hennessy Gold Cup\">Hennessy Cognac Gold Cup</a> but appealed to his backers after winning the <a href=\"/wiki/Charlie_Hall_Chase\" title=\"Charlie Hall Chase\">Charlie Hall Chase</a> in November at Wetherby. The horse was among the leading eight throughout the race and was among four who shared the lead jumping the penultimate fence. He was unable to mount a challenge after that and finished fourth, 14 lengths behind the winner. Jockey Paul Moloney said of his race: \"There was a moment when I thought I was going to win going to two out. You can't do it without the horse and I had a lot of confidence in him.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-WhereFin_2-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WhereFin-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Big Fella Thanks was backed after winning the Sky Bet Chase in January and on race day ran a textbook National in mid-division on the first circuit before moving into a challenging position at the <a href=\"/wiki/Canal_Turn\" title=\"Canal Turn\">Canal Turn</a> on the second circuit. The horse was always having to find a few lengths and was never quite able to get on terms with the leader before finishing sixth. Jockey Christian Williams regarded the race as a prep for a bigger bid next year, saying: \"He'll be a year older next year, and perhaps on softer ground you never know. He's only a baby. I had AP [McCoy, on Butler's Cabin] upsides me so I knew I was in the right place. He's got a slight cut on his hind leg and that may have made a slight difference, but if he improves again and comes back with a nice weight next year he could go close.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-WhereFin_2-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WhereFin-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Mon Mome was among the less-considered outsiders at 100–1 despite a good racing pedigree that had seen him sent off as favourite in the <a href=\"/wiki/Welsh_National\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Welsh National\">Welsh National</a> in December. A disappointing run there and subsequent loss of form, in addition to his regular rider opting to ride Stan instead led the public to ignore the credentials which were seen as obvious after the event.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Finishing_order\">Finishing order</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2009_Grand_National&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: Finishing order\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<table class=\"wikitable sortable\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<th>Position\n</th>\n<th>Horse\n</th>\n<th>Jockey\n</th>\n<th>Age\n</th>\n<th>Handicap (st-lb)\n</th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/Starting_price\" title=\"Starting price\">SP</a>\n</th>\n<th>Distance\n</th>\n<th>Prize money\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1st\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Mon_Mome\" title=\"Mon Mome\">Mon Mome</a>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Liam_Treadwell\" title=\"Liam Treadwell\">Liam Treadwell</a>\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>11–0\n</td>\n<td>100/1\n</td>\n<td>Won by 12 <a href=\"/wiki/Horse_length\" title=\"Horse length\">lengths</a>\n</td>\n<td>£506,970\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2nd\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Comply_or_Die\" title=\"Comply or Die\">Comply or Die</a>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Timmy_Murphy\" title=\"Timmy Murphy\">Timmy Murphy</a>\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>11–6\n</td>\n<td>14/1\n</td>\n<td>1¼ lengths\n</td>\n<td>£190,980\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3rd\n</td>\n<td>My Will\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Ruby_Walsh\" title=\"Ruby Walsh\">Ruby Walsh</a>\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>11–4\n</td>\n<td>8/1\n</td>\n<td>4½ lengths\n</td>\n<td>£95,580\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4th\n</td>\n<td>State of Play\n</td>\n<td>Paul Moloney\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>11–2\n</td>\n<td>14/1\n</td>\n<td>¾ length\n</td>\n<td>£47,790\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5th\n</td>\n<td>Cerium\n</td>\n<td>Keith Mercer\n</td>\n<td>8\n</td>\n<td>10–5\n</td>\n<td>100/1\n</td>\n<td>4 lengths\n</td>\n<td>£23,940\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6th\n</td>\n<td>Big Fella Thanks\n</td>\n<td>Christian Williams\n</td>\n<td>7\n</td>\n<td>11–1\n</td>\n<td>14/1\n</td>\n<td>1¾ lengths\n</td>\n<td>£11,970\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7th\n</td>\n<td>Butler's Cabin\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Tony_McCoy\" title=\"Tony McCoy\">Tony McCoy</a>\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>10–13\n</td>\n<td>7/1 favourite\n</td>\n<td>¾ length\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8th\n</td>\n<td>Southern Vic\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Niall_Madden\" title=\"Niall Madden\">Niall Madden</a>\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–9\n</td>\n<td>33/1\n</td>\n<td>5 lengths\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9th\n</td>\n<td>Snowy Morning\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Andrew_McNamara_(jockey)\" title=\"Andrew McNamara (jockey)\">Andrew McNamara</a>\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>11–8\n</td>\n<td>33/1\n</td>\n<td>9 lengths\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10th\n</td>\n<td>Arteea\n</td>\n<td>Johnny Farrelly\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–5\n</td>\n<td>200/1\n</td>\n<td>4½ lengths\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11th\n</td>\n<td>Irish Invader\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Paul_Townend\" title=\"Paul Townend\">Paul Townend</a>\n</td>\n<td>8\n</td>\n<td>10–9\n</td>\n<td>16/1\n</td>\n<td>3 lengths\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12th\n</td>\n<td>Idle Talk\n</td>\n<td>Brian Harding\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–5\n</td>\n<td>66/1\n</td>\n<td>3½ lengths\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13th\n</td>\n<td>Darkness\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Wayne_Hutchinson_(jockey)\" title=\"Wayne Hutchinson (jockey)\">Wayne Hutchinson</a>\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–9\n</td>\n<td>16/1\n</td>\n<td>25 lengths\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>14th\n</td>\n<td>Preists Leap\n</td>\n<td>Philip Enright\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>11–5\n</td>\n<td>100/1\n</td>\n<td>24 lengths\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15th\n</td>\n<td>Offshore Account\n</td>\n<td>David Casey\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>10–13\n</td>\n<td>20/1\n</td>\n<td>12 lengths\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16th\n</td>\n<td>Battlecry\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Tom_Scudamore\" title=\"Tom Scudamore\">Tom Scudamore</a>\n</td>\n<td>8\n</td>\n<td>10–10\n</td>\n<td>33/1\n</td>\n<td>A distance\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>17th\n</td>\n<td>Cornish Sett\n</td>\n<td>Nick Scholfield\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–10\n</td>\n<td>33/1\n</td>\n<td>Last to complete\n</td>\n<td>Nil\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Non-finishers\">Non-finishers</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2009_Grand_National&action=edit&section=4\" title=\"Edit section: Non-finishers\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<table class=\"wikitable sortable\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<th>Fence\n</th>\n<th>Horse\n</th>\n<th>Jockey\n</th>\n<th>Age\n</th>\n<th>Handicap (st-lb)\n</th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/Starting_price\" title=\"Starting price\">SP</a>\n</th>\n<th>Fate\n</th></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Run-in\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Hear_The_Echo\" title=\"Hear The Echo\">Hear The Echo</a>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Davy_Russell\" title=\"Davy Russell\">Davy Russell</a>\n</td>\n<td>8\n</td>\n<td>11–5\n</td>\n<td>33/1\n</td>\n<td>Collapsed\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>30th\n</td>\n<td>L'ami\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Robert_Thornton_(jockey)\" title=\"Robert Thornton (jockey)\">Robert Thornton</a>\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–11\n</td>\n<td>16/1\n</td>\n<td>Pulled up\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>25th <small>(Valentine's)</small>\n</td>\n<td>Knowhere\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Paddy_Brennan_(jockey)\" title=\"Paddy Brennan (jockey)\">Paddy Brennan</a>\n</td>\n<td>11\n</td>\n<td>11–7\n</td>\n<td>50/1\n</td>\n<td>Pulled up\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22nd <small>(<a href=\"/wiki/Becher%27s_Brook\" title=\"Becher's Brook\">Becher's Brook</a>)</small>\n</td>\n<td>Black Apalachi\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Denis_O%27Regan_(jockey)\" title=\"Denis O'Regan (jockey)\">Denis O'Regan</a>\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>11–5\n</td>\n<td>11/1\n</td>\n<td>Unseated rider\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22nd <small>(<a href=\"/wiki/Becher%27s_Brook\" title=\"Becher's Brook\">Becher's Brook</a>)</small>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Silver_Birch_(horse)\" title=\"Silver Birch (horse)\">Silver Birch</a>\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Robbie_Power\" title=\"Robbie Power\">Robbie Power</a>\n</td>\n<td>12\n</td>\n<td>11–0\n</td>\n<td>40/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22nd <small>(<a href=\"/wiki/Becher%27s_Brook\" title=\"Becher's Brook\">Becher's Brook</a>)</small>\n</td>\n<td>Parson's Legacy\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Richard_Johnson_(jockey)\" title=\"Richard Johnson (jockey)\">Richard Johnson</a>\n</td>\n<td>11\n</td>\n<td>10–12\n</td>\n<td>20/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22nd <small>(<a href=\"/wiki/Becher%27s_Brook\" title=\"Becher's Brook\">Becher's Brook</a>)</small>\n</td>\n<td>Kelami\n</td>\n<td>Derek Laverty\n</td>\n<td>11\n</td>\n<td>10–5\n</td>\n<td>200/1\n</td>\n<td>Pulled up\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>21st\n</td>\n<td>Fundamentalist\n</td>\n<td>David England\n</td>\n<td>11\n</td>\n<td>10–11\n</td>\n<td>100/1\n</td>\n<td>Pulled up\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>21st\n</td>\n<td>Kilbeggan Blade\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Graham_Lee_(jockey)\" title=\"Graham Lee (jockey)\">Graham Lee</a>\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–7\n</td>\n<td>20/1\n</td>\n<td>Pulled up\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>19th\n</td>\n<td>Rambling Minster\n</td>\n<td>James Reveley\n</td>\n<td>11\n</td>\n<td>10–9\n</td>\n<td>8/1\n</td>\n<td>Pulled up\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18th\n</td>\n<td>Can't Buy Time\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Noel_Fehily\" title=\"Noel Fehily\">Noel Fehily</a>\n</td>\n<td>7\n</td>\n<td>10–9\n</td>\n<td>33/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18th\n</td>\n<td>Fleet Street\n</td>\n<td>Andrew Tinkler\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–10\n</td>\n<td>100/1\n</td>\n<td>Unseated rider\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>17th\n</td>\n<td>Eurotrek\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Sam_Thomas_(jockey)\" title=\"Sam Thomas (jockey)\">Sam Thomas</a>\n</td>\n<td>13\n</td>\n<td>11–3\n</td>\n<td>80/1\n</td>\n<td>Pulled up\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16th <small>(Water Jump)</small>\n</td>\n<td>Zabenz\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Tom_O%27Brien_(jockey)\" title=\"Tom O'Brien (jockey)\">Tom O'Brien</a>\n</td>\n<td>12\n</td>\n<td>10–5\n</td>\n<td>100/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15th <small>(<a href=\"/wiki/The_Chair_(Aintree_Racecourse)\" title=\"The Chair (Aintree Racecourse)\">The Chair</a>)</small>\n</td>\n<td>Cloudy Lane\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Jason_Maguire\" title=\"Jason Maguire\">Jason Maguire</a>\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>11–10\n</td>\n<td>50/1\n</td>\n<td>Unseated rider\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12th\n</td>\n<td>Musica Bella\n</td>\n<td>Phillip Carberry\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>10–10\n</td>\n<td>66/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7th <small>(<a href=\"/wiki/Foinavon\" title=\"Foinavon\">Foinavon</a>)</small>\n</td>\n<td>Stan\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Aidan_Coleman\" title=\"Aidan Coleman\">Aidan Coleman</a>\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>11–6\n</td>\n<td>50/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3rd\n</td>\n<td>Chelsea Harbour\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Emmet_Mullins\" title=\"Emmet Mullins\">Emmet Mullins</a>\n</td>\n<td>9\n</td>\n<td>11–8\n</td>\n<td>40/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3rd\n</td>\n<td>Reveillez\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Mark_Walsh_(jockey)\" title=\"Mark Walsh (jockey)\">Mark Walsh</a>\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–12\n</td>\n<td>100/1\n</td>\n<td>Brought down\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2nd\n</td>\n<td>Ollie Magern\n</td>\n<td>Mr. <a href=\"/wiki/Sam_Waley-Cohen\" title=\"Sam Waley-Cohen\">Sam Waley-Cohen</a>\n</td>\n<td>11\n</td>\n<td>11–6\n</td>\n<td>66/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2nd\n</td>\n<td>Brooklyn Brownie\n</td>\n<td>Phil Kinsella\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–6\n</td>\n<td>22/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1st\n</td>\n<td>Golden Flight\n</td>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Barry_Geraghty\" title=\"Barry Geraghty\">Barry Geraghty</a>\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–11\n</td>\n<td>66/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1st\n</td>\n<td>Himalayan Trail\n</td>\n<td>Paddy Flood\n</td>\n<td>10\n</td>\n<td>10–6\n</td>\n<td>28/1\n</td>\n<td>Fell\n</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Broadcasting\">Broadcasting</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2009_Grand_National&action=edit&section=5\" title=\"Edit section: Broadcasting\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1224211176\">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:\" “ \";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:\" ” \";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class=\"quotebox pullquote floatright\" style=\"width:35%; ;\">\n<blockquote class=\"quotebox-quote left-aligned\" style=\"\">\n<p><b>Mon Mome has taken the lead now as they race towards the elbow. It's Mon Mome who's out in front here by four or five lengths. Comply Or Die battling on, then State of Play and My Will. But it's Mon Mome who's clearing away. Up towards the line now, and it's Mon Mome, Liam Treadwell who's going to win the Grand National at the first attempt! It's Mon Mome who's going to come home, a very, very easy winner by the best part of ten lengths.</b>\n</p>\n</blockquote>\n<div style=\"padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em\"><cite class=\"left-aligned\" style=\"\">BBC commentator <a href=\"/wiki/Jim_McGrath_(Australian_commentator)\" title=\"Jim McGrath (Australian commentator)\">Jim McGrath</a> describes the climax of the 2009 Grand National</cite></div>\n</div>\n<p>The Grand National was accorded status as an event of national interest, listed on the <a href=\"/wiki/Ofcom_Code_on_Sports_and_Other_Listed_and_Designated_Events\" title=\"Ofcom Code on Sports and Other Listed and Designated Events\">Ofcom Code on Sports and Other Listed and Designated Events</a>, therefore ensuring that the event is broadcast live on terrestrial television in the United Kingdom. The BBC broadcast the race for the 50th consecutive year. The winner, Mon Mome, was not mentioned in commentary at any stage on the first circuit, being named for the first time when in 12th place as the runners started the second circuit. The commentary team for the sixth consecutive year was <a href=\"/wiki/Ian_Bartlett\" title=\"Ian Bartlett\">Ian Bartlett</a>, Tony O'Hehir, <a href=\"/wiki/Darren_Owen\" title=\"Darren Owen\">Darren Owen</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Jim_McGrath_(Australian_commentator)\" title=\"Jim McGrath (Australian commentator)\">Jim McGrath</a> who called the winner home for the 12th consecutive year.\n</p><p>The programme was presented by <a href=\"/wiki/Clare_Balding\" title=\"Clare Balding\">Clare Balding</a>. 1,477 people lodged complaints to the BBC when, after the race, she asked winning rider Liam Treadwell to show his teeth to the camera and then suggested he would be able to get them \"fixed\" with his prize money. Balding later issued a public apology.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> On the evening before the following year's race, Treadwell was again interviewed by Balding for the BBC's <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_One_Show\" title=\"The One Show\">The One Show</a></i> in which he thanked her for her comments as it had led to him getting free dentistry resulting in a perfect smile.\n</p><p>Treadwell said of his winning ride: \"It's an absolutely unbelievable finish, I had the perfect run through the race, he jumped brilliant for me. A couple of times loose horses fell upsides me and went under his legs but it didn't really affect the horse. He gave me such a great ride. He was an absolute pleasure to ride. He is so genuine.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-MMSeals_1-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-MMSeals-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Trainer Venetia Williams said: \"How can you ever expect that in a race like this? I'm so proud of the horse. I'm so proud of Liam for giving him such a good ride, and the girl who looks after him as well. I'm so proud of everyone in the yard – I never get chance to praise them and give them the credit they deserve, it is all a team effort.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-MMSeals_1-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-MMSeals-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Aftermath\">Aftermath</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2009_Grand_National&action=edit&section=6\" title=\"Edit section: Aftermath\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p><a href=\"/wiki/Hear_The_Echo\" title=\"Hear The Echo\">Hear The Echo</a> and Butlers Cabin both collapsed, the former on the run-in and the latter shortly after passing the finishing post. Both required oxygen treatment but Hear The Echo did not respond and died.<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Bookmakers were delighted by the race result with a 100/1 winner. <a href=\"/wiki/Ladbrokes\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Ladbrokes\">Ladbrokes</a> spokesman David Williams said: \"It was better than we could ever have dreamed of. Liam Treadwell was our saviour. A win for Walsh or McCoy would have seen a multi-million pound turnaround. The sun shone on Aintree and the sun shone on the bookies. If <a href=\"/wiki/2008_Grand_National\" title=\"2008 Grand National\">last year</a> was one for the punters, 2009 was very much one for us.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-MMSeals_1-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-MMSeals-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Quotes\">Quotes</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2009_Grand_National&action=edit&section=7\" title=\"Edit section: Quotes\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><b>Keith Mercer</b> (Cerium, fifth): \"He was brilliant. He jumped magnificently and was in contention on the run to the second-last. it was an amazing feeling. I had just been hoping we would get round. He far surpassed my expectations and gave me an amazing spin.\"</li>\n<li><b>Niall Madden</b> (Southern Vic, eighth): \"He has run a great race, the ground was just too quick for him.\"</li>\n<li><b>Andrew McNamara</b> (Snowy Morning, ninth): \"We had a couple of bumps on the way round, but he ran a nice race.\"</li>\n<li><b>Johnny Farrelly</b> (Arteea, tenth): \"I had a good ride round and he jumped great.\"</li>\n<li><b>Paul Townend</b> (Irish Invader, eleventh): \"It was great. I think he just maybe didn't see it (the trip) out.\"</li>\n<li><b>Brian Harding</b> (Idle Talk, twelfth): \"He jumped round, but didn't get home. He gave me a great ride and he was pretty good over the fences, but didn't get home.\"</li>\n<li><b>Wayne Hutchinson</b> (Darkness, thirteenth): \"He gave me a good spin and he travelled away fine. He was just a bit on and off the bridle but you couldn't fault him over these fences. He's jumped economically and he galloped on round.\"</li>\n<li><b>Philip Enright</b> (Preists Leap, fourteenth): \"He gave me a great ride and jumped well. I thought I would go very close jumping the second-last, but he got very tired. I had to use him a bit more than I would have liked early on because of the ground. He ran well and should be back next year.\"</li>\n<li><b>David Casey</b> (Offshore Account, fifteenth): \"I had a great ride round and he jumped so well, but he hadn't run over fences for over a year and it told on him in the end. He's still a good horse to look forward to.\"</li>\n<li><b>Tom Scudamore</b> (Battlecry, sixteenth): \"He gave me a great spin for a circuit and a half, but got tired from Becher's second time. He gave me a great thrill for a long way.\"</li>\n<li><b>Nick Scholfield</b> (Cornish Sett, seventeenth and last): \"He got round once again and gave me a great spin and jumped well in the main, but just didn't seem to get the trip this year. He was on his nose once or twice but is so clever.\"</li>\n<li><b>Graham Lee</b> (Kilbeggan Blade, pulled up before 21st): \"Not much happened in the race for me and I pulled up the one before Becher's second time.\"</li>\n<li><b>Phil Kinsella</b> (Brooklyn Brownie, fell at 2nd): \"All sorts of things go through your head as you watch them gallop away from you. He was great down to the first and met it lovely and gave me a lot of confidence, but he didn't meet the second as well and that was that.\"</li>\n<li><b>Robbie Power</b> (Silver Birch, fell at 22nd): \"It is disappointing, he just got a bit too close to Becher's, caught the top and just couldn't get his front end out. But the old lad was travelling really well and jumping for fun and he ran a big race.\"</li>\n<li><b>Richard Johnson</b> (Parsons Legacy, fell at 22nd): \"I wish I hadn't fallen. He was dead right, but it was too far out to tell where we might have finished.\"</li>\n<li><b>Barry Geraghty</b> (Golden Flight, fell at 1st): \"That was a bit of an anti-climax.\"</li>\n<li><b>Sam Thomas</b> (Eurotrek, pulled up before 17th): \"We were never going well and pulled up after the water.\"</li>\n<li><b>Tom O'Brien</b> (Zabenz, fell at 16th): \"We fell at the water. Until then we were going fine.\"</li>\n<li><b>Paddy Brennan</b> (Knowhere, pulled up before 25th): \"All I've got to report is that he was never travelling.\"</li>\n<li><b>David England</b> (Fundamentalist, pulled up before 21st): \"He was good. He ran well and jumped very well, even though he was a big outsider. I pulled him just before Becher's second time, but he's run really well for an old lad.\"</li>\n<li><b>Noel Fehily</b> (Can't Buy Time, fell at 18th): \"He just got in a bit deep. He jumped well up to that point.\"</li>\n<li><b>Andrew Tinkler</b> (Fleet Street, unseated rider at 18th): \"We went a circuit and a bit, then he hit a fence really hard and unseated me. He'd given me a fair ride up to then but we were middle to back and going nowhere.\"</li>\n<li><b>Sam Waley-Cohen</b> (Ollie Magern, fell at 2nd): \"He just got in under it, didn't get high enough, and couldn't get his landing gear down.\"</li>\n<li><b>Aidan Coleman</b> (Stan, fell at 7th): \"He didn't enjoy himself and fell at Foinavon.\"</li>\n<li><b>Robert Thornton</b> (L'Ami, pulled up before last): \"He gave me a great ride, but just didn't get home and I pulled him up.\"</li>\n<li><b>Derek Laverty</b> (Kelami, pulled up before 22nd): \"He gave me a great spin. They went a great gallop early doors and I was handy, but he is an old horse and began to feel the pinch on the second circuit. I noticed three horses disappear at Becher's and thought it best to pull him up. We were someway behind.\"</li>\n<li><b>Emmet Mullins</b> (Chelsea Harbour, fell at 2nd): \"He got his back up too high and came down too steeply. But he is grand and so I am. I am looking forward to next time.\"</li>\n<li><b>Jason Maguire</b> (Cloudy Lane, unseated at The Chair): \"He landed on the fence, but that is the National isn't it? I couldn't have been happier up to that point because he was jumping so well.\"</li>\n<li><b>Paddy Flood</b> (Himalayan Trail, fell at 1st): \"We didn't get very far did we!\"</li>\n<li><b>Mark Walsh</b> (Reveillez, brought down at the 3rd): \"It was disappointing to (only) get as far as the third, but he is a nice horse.\"</li>\n<li><b>Philip Carberry</b> (Musica Bella, fell at 12th): \"She just got a bit close got her hind legs caught and flipped. She is unlucky, she was jumping quite well up to then.\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-WhereFin_2-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WhereFin-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>\n<p>Tony McCoy was the most experienced rider in the race for the third consecutive year, having taken over from Carl Llewellyn after the 2006 race, though he had previously shared the honour with <a href=\"/wiki/Mick_Fitzgerald\" title=\"Mick Fitzgerald\">Mick Fitzgerald</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Paul_Carberry\" title=\"Paul Carberry\">Paul Carberry</a>. McCoy was having his fourteenth ride in the race, joining an exclusive club of just thirteen riders to have reached that landmark, however he also shared the unwanted record with Jeff King of being the only two riders among the thirteen not to have won or been runner-up in any of their fourteen rides.\n</p><p>Eight riders made their Grand National debut, including Liam Treadwell, the twenty-second rider to win at the first attempt and the second in the 21st century. Paul Townend and Philip Enright also completed the course while at the other extreme, Phil Kinsella got no further than the second fence. Emmet Mullins, Mark Walsh, James Reveley and Derek Lavery also took their first rides in the race.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=2009_Grand_National&action=edit&section=8\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/horse_racing/7959295.stm\">Grand National runners and riders</a>, <i>BBC Sport</i>, 3 April 2009</li></ul>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-MMSeals-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-MMSeals_1-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-MMSeals_1-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-MMSeals_1-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-MMSeals_1-3\"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation news cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/horse_racing/7982075.stm\">\"Mon Mome seals shock National win\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/BBC_Sport\" title=\"BBC Sport\">BBC Sport</a></i>. <a href=\"/wiki/BBC\" title=\"BBC\">British Broadcasting Corporation</a>. 4 April 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">5 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Sport&rft.atitle=Mon+Mome+seals+shock+National+win&rft.date=2009-04-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport1%2Fhi%2Fother_sports%2Fhorse_racing%2F7982075.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2009+Grand+National\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-WhereFin-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-WhereFin_2-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-WhereFin_2-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-WhereFin_2-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-WhereFin_2-3\"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-WhereFin_2-4\"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-WhereFin_2-5\"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-WhereFin_2-6\"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-WhereFin_2-7\"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/horse_racing/7983598.stm\">Where they finished at Aintree</a> BBC Sport, 4 April 2009</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFLysaght2009\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Lysaght, Cornelius (5 April 2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/horse_racing/7984236.stm\">\"Grand National 2009\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/BBC_Sport\" title=\"BBC Sport\">BBC Sport</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">22 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Sport&rft.atitle=Grand+National+2009&rft.date=2009-04-05&rft.aulast=Lysaght&rft.aufirst=Cornelius&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport2%2Fhi%2Fother_sports%2Fhorse_racing%2F7984236.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2009+Grand+National\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7985464.stm\">Presenter sorry over teeth jibe</a> BBC News, 6 April 2009</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.animalaid.org.uk/h/n/NEWS/pr_horse/ALL/2110/\">Five Horses Killed at 2009 Grand National Meeting</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20101128051754/http://animalaid.org.uk/h/n/NEWS/pr_horse/ALL/2110//\">Archived</a> 28 November 2010 at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a> Animal Aid, 4 April 2009</span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1129693374\">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:\": \"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:\" · \";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:\" (\";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:\")\";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:\" \"counter(listitem)\"\\a0 \"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:\" (\"counter(listitem)\"\\a0 \"}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1236075235\">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Grand_National\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"background:#77dd77;\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239400231\">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:\"[ \"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:\" ]\"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class=\"navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini\"><ul><li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Grand_National\" title=\"Template:Grand National\"><abbr title=\"View this template\">v</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Grand_National\" title=\"Template talk:Grand National\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\">t</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-edit\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grand_National\" title=\"Special:EditPage/Template:Grand National\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id=\"Grand_National\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"/wiki/Grand_National\" title=\"Grand National\">Grand National</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"background:#77dd77;;width:1%;background:#ddeedd;\">Races by year</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i>(<a href=\"/wiki/1836_Grand_Liverpool_Steeplechase\" title=\"1836 Grand Liverpool Steeplechase\">1836</a>)</i></li>\n<li><i>(<a href=\"/wiki/1837_Grand_Liverpool_Steeplechase\" title=\"1837 Grand Liverpool Steeplechase\">1837</a>)</i></li>\n<li><i>(<a href=\"/wiki/1838_Grand_Liverpool_Steeplechase\" title=\"1838 Grand Liverpool Steeplechase\">1838</a>)</i></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1839_Grand_National\" title=\"1839 Grand National\">1839</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1840_Grand_National\" title=\"1840 Grand National\">1840</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1841_Grand_National\" title=\"1841 Grand National\">1841</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1842_Grand_National\" title=\"1842 Grand National\">1842</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1843_Grand_National\" title=\"1843 Grand National\">1843</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1844_Grand_National\" title=\"1844 Grand National\">1844</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1845_Grand_National\" title=\"1845 Grand National\">1845</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1846_Grand_National\" title=\"1846 Grand National\">1846</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1847_Grand_National\" title=\"1847 Grand National\">1847</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1848_Grand_National\" title=\"1848 Grand National\">1848</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1849_Grand_National\" title=\"1849 Grand National\">1849</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1850_Grand_National\" title=\"1850 Grand National\">1850</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1851_Grand_National\" title=\"1851 Grand National\">1851</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1852_Grand_National\" title=\"1852 Grand National\">1852</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1853_Grand_National\" title=\"1853 Grand National\">1853</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1854_Grand_National\" title=\"1854 Grand National\">1854</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1855_Grand_National\" title=\"1855 Grand National\">1855</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1856_Grand_National\" title=\"1856 Grand National\">1856</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1857_Grand_National\" title=\"1857 Grand National\">1857</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1858_Grand_National\" title=\"1858 Grand National\">1858</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1859_Grand_National\" title=\"1859 Grand National\">1859</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1860_Grand_National\" title=\"1860 Grand National\">1860</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1861_Grand_National\" title=\"1861 Grand National\">1861</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1862_Grand_National\" title=\"1862 Grand National\">1862</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1863_Grand_National\" title=\"1863 Grand National\">1863</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1864_Grand_National\" title=\"1864 Grand National\">1864</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1865_Grand_National\" title=\"1865 Grand National\">1865</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1866_Grand_National\" title=\"1866 Grand National\">1866</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1867_Grand_National\" title=\"1867 Grand National\">1867</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1868_Grand_National\" title=\"1868 Grand National\">1868</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1869_Grand_National\" title=\"1869 Grand National\">1869</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1870_Grand_National\" title=\"1870 Grand National\">1870</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1871_Grand_National\" title=\"1871 Grand National\">1871</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1872_Grand_National\" title=\"1872 Grand National\">1872</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1873_Grand_National\" title=\"1873 Grand National\">1873</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1874_Grand_National\" title=\"1874 Grand National\">1874</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1875_Grand_National\" title=\"1875 Grand National\">1875</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1876_Grand_National\" title=\"1876 Grand National\">1876</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1877_Grand_National\" title=\"1877 Grand National\">1877</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1878_Grand_National\" title=\"1878 Grand National\">1878</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1879_Grand_National\" title=\"1879 Grand National\">1879</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1880_Grand_National\" title=\"1880 Grand National\">1880</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1881_Grand_National\" title=\"1881 Grand National\">1881</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1882_Grand_National\" title=\"1882 Grand National\">1882</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1883_Grand_National\" title=\"1883 Grand National\">1883</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1884_Grand_National\" title=\"1884 Grand National\">1884</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1885_Grand_National\" title=\"1885 Grand National\">1885</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1886_Grand_National\" title=\"1886 Grand National\">1886</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1887_Grand_National\" title=\"1887 Grand National\">1887</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1888_Grand_National\" title=\"1888 Grand National\">1888</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1889_Grand_National\" title=\"1889 Grand National\">1889</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1890_Grand_National\" title=\"1890 Grand National\">1890</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1891_Grand_National\" title=\"1891 Grand National\">1891</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1892_Grand_National\" title=\"1892 Grand National\">1892</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1893_Grand_National\" title=\"1893 Grand National\">1893</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1894_Grand_National\" title=\"1894 Grand National\">1894</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1895_Grand_National\" title=\"1895 Grand National\">1895</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1896_Grand_National\" title=\"1896 Grand National\">1896</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1897_Grand_National\" title=\"1897 Grand National\">1897</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1898_Grand_National\" title=\"1898 Grand National\">1898</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1899_Grand_National\" title=\"1899 Grand National\">1899</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1900_Grand_National\" title=\"1900 Grand National\">1900</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1901_Grand_National\" title=\"1901 Grand National\">1901</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1902_Grand_National\" title=\"1902 Grand National\">1902</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1903_Grand_National\" title=\"1903 Grand National\">1903</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1904_Grand_National\" title=\"1904 Grand National\">1904</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1905_Grand_National\" title=\"1905 Grand National\">1905</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1906_Grand_National\" title=\"1906 Grand National\">1906</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1907_Grand_National\" title=\"1907 Grand National\">1907</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1908_Grand_National\" title=\"1908 Grand National\">1908</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1909_Grand_National\" title=\"1909 Grand National\">1909</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1910_Grand_National\" title=\"1910 Grand National\">1910</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1911_Grand_National\" title=\"1911 Grand National\">1911</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1912_Grand_National\" title=\"1912 Grand National\">1912</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1913_Grand_National\" title=\"1913 Grand National\">1913</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1914_Grand_National\" title=\"1914 Grand National\">1914</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1915_Grand_National\" title=\"1915 Grand National\">1915</a></li>\n<li><i>(<a href=\"/wiki/Racecourse_Association_Steeple_Chase\" title=\"Racecourse Association Steeple Chase\">1916</a>)</i></li>\n<li><i>(<a href=\"/wiki/1917_War_Steeplechase\" title=\"1917 War Steeplechase\">1917</a>)</i></li>\n<li><i>(<a href=\"/wiki/1918_War_Steeplechase\" title=\"1918 War Steeplechase\">1918</a>)</i></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1919_Grand_National\" title=\"1919 Grand National\">1919</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1920_Grand_National\" title=\"1920 Grand National\">1920</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1921_Grand_National\" title=\"1921 Grand National\">1921</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1922_Grand_National\" title=\"1922 Grand National\">1922</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1923_Grand_National\" title=\"1923 Grand National\">1923</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1924_Grand_National\" title=\"1924 Grand National\">1924</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1925_Grand_National\" title=\"1925 Grand National\">1925</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1926_Grand_National\" title=\"1926 Grand National\">1926</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1927_Grand_National\" title=\"1927 Grand National\">1927</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1928_Grand_National\" title=\"1928 Grand National\">1928</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1929_Grand_National\" title=\"1929 Grand National\">1929</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1930_Grand_National\" title=\"1930 Grand National\">1930</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1931_Grand_National\" title=\"1931 Grand National\">1931</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1932_Grand_National\" title=\"1932 Grand National\">1932</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1933_Grand_National\" title=\"1933 Grand National\">1933</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1934_Grand_National\" title=\"1934 Grand National\">1934</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1935_Grand_National\" title=\"1935 Grand National\">1935</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1936_Grand_National\" title=\"1936 Grand National\">1936</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1937_Grand_National\" title=\"1937 Grand National\">1937</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1938_Grand_National\" title=\"1938 Grand National\">1938</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1939_Grand_National\" title=\"1939 Grand National\">1939</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1940_Grand_National\" title=\"1940 Grand National\">1940</a></li>\n<li><span style=\"color:gray\"><s>1941</s></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"color:gray\"><s>1942</s></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"color:gray\"><s>1943</s></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"color:gray\"><s>1944</s></span></li>\n<li><span style=\"color:gray\"><s>1945</s></span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1946_Grand_National\" title=\"1946 Grand National\">1946</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1947_Grand_National\" title=\"1947 Grand National\">1947</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1948_Grand_National\" title=\"1948 Grand National\">1948</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1949_Grand_National\" title=\"1949 Grand National\">1949</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1950_Grand_National\" title=\"1950 Grand National\">1950</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1951_Grand_National\" title=\"1951 Grand National\">1951</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1952_Grand_National\" title=\"1952 Grand National\">1952</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1953_Grand_National\" title=\"1953 Grand National\">1953</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1954_Grand_National\" title=\"1954 Grand National\">1954</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1955_Grand_National\" title=\"1955 Grand National\">1955</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1956_Grand_National\" title=\"1956 Grand National\">1956</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1957_Grand_National\" title=\"1957 Grand National\">1957</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1958_Grand_National\" title=\"1958 Grand National\">1958</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1959_Grand_National\" title=\"1959 Grand National\">1959</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1960_Grand_National\" title=\"1960 Grand National\">1960</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1961_Grand_National\" title=\"1961 Grand National\">1961</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1962_Grand_National\" title=\"1962 Grand National\">1962</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1963_Grand_National\" title=\"1963 Grand National\">1963</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1964_Grand_National\" title=\"1964 Grand National\">1964</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1965_Grand_National\" title=\"1965 Grand National\">1965</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1966_Grand_National\" title=\"1966 Grand National\">1966</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1967_Grand_National\" title=\"1967 Grand National\">1967</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1968_Grand_National\" title=\"1968 Grand National\">1968</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1969_Grand_National\" title=\"1969 Grand National\">1969</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1970_Grand_National\" title=\"1970 Grand National\">1970</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1971_Grand_National\" title=\"1971 Grand National\">1971</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1972_Grand_National\" title=\"1972 Grand National\">1972</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1973_Grand_National\" title=\"1973 Grand National\">1973</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1974_Grand_National\" title=\"1974 Grand National\">1974</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1975_Grand_National\" title=\"1975 Grand National\">1975</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1976_Grand_National\" title=\"1976 Grand National\">1976</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1977_Grand_National\" title=\"1977 Grand National\">1977</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1978_Grand_National\" title=\"1978 Grand National\">1978</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1979_Grand_National\" title=\"1979 Grand National\">1979</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/1980_Grand_National\" title=\"1980 Grand National\">1980</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1981_Grand_National\" title=\"1981 Grand National\">1981</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1982_Grand_National\" title=\"1982 Grand National\">1982</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1983_Grand_National\" title=\"1983 Grand National\">1983</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1984_Grand_National\" title=\"1984 Grand National\">1984</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1985_Grand_National\" title=\"1985 Grand National\">1985</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1986_Grand_National\" title=\"1986 Grand National\">1986</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1987_Grand_National\" title=\"1987 Grand National\">1987</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1988_Grand_National\" title=\"1988 Grand National\">1988</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1989_Grand_National\" title=\"1989 Grand National\">1989</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1990_Grand_National\" title=\"1990 Grand National\">1990</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1991_Grand_National\" title=\"1991 Grand National\">1991</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1992_Grand_National\" title=\"1992 Grand National\">1992</a></li>\n<li><span style=\"color:gray\"><s><a href=\"/wiki/1993_Grand_National\" title=\"1993 Grand National\">1993</a></s></span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1994_Grand_National\" title=\"1994 Grand National\">1994</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1995_Grand_National\" title=\"1995 Grand National\">1995</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1996_Grand_National\" title=\"1996 Grand National\">1996</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1997_Grand_National\" title=\"1997 Grand National\">1997</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1998_Grand_National\" title=\"1998 Grand National\">1998</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/1999_Grand_National\" title=\"1999 Grand National\">1999</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/2000_Grand_National\" title=\"2000 Grand National\">2000</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2001_Grand_National\" title=\"2001 Grand National\">2001</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2002_Grand_National\" title=\"2002 Grand National\">2002</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2003_Grand_National\" title=\"2003 Grand National\">2003</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2004_Grand_National\" title=\"2004 Grand National\">2004</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2005_Grand_National\" title=\"2005 Grand National\">2005</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2006_Grand_National\" title=\"2006 Grand National\">2006</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2007_Grand_National\" title=\"2007 Grand National\">2007</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2008_Grand_National\" title=\"2008 Grand National\">2008</a></li>\n<li><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">2009</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2010_Grand_National\" title=\"2010 Grand National\">2010</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2011_Grand_National\" title=\"2011 Grand National\">2011</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2012_Grand_National\" title=\"2012 Grand National\">2012</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2013_Grand_National\" title=\"2013 Grand National\">2013</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2014_Grand_National\" title=\"2014 Grand National\">2014</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2015_Grand_National\" title=\"2015 Grand National\">2015</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2016_Grand_National\" title=\"2016 Grand National\">2016</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2017_Grand_National\" title=\"2017 Grand National\">2017</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2018_Grand_National\" title=\"2018 Grand National\">2018</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2019_Grand_National\" title=\"2019 Grand National\">2019</a></li></ul>\n<ul><li><span style=\"color:gray\"><s><a href=\"/wiki/2020_Grand_National\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"2020 Grand National\">2020</a></s></span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2021_Grand_National\" title=\"2021 Grand National\">2021</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2022_Grand_National\" title=\"2022 Grand National\">2022</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2023_Grand_National\" title=\"2023 Grand National\">2023</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/2024_Grand_National\" title=\"2024 Grand National\">2024</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"background:#77dd77;;width:1%;background:#ddeedd;\">Course</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Aintree_Racecourse\" title=\"Aintree Racecourse\">Aintree Racecourse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Becher%27s_Brook\" title=\"Becher's Brook\">Becher's Brook</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Canal_Turn\" title=\"Canal Turn\">Canal Turn</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/The_Chair_(Aintree_Racecourse)\" title=\"The Chair (Aintree Racecourse)\">The Chair</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Valentine%27s_Brook\" title=\"Valentine's Brook\">Valentine's Brook</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"background:#77dd77;;width:1%;background:#ddeedd;\">Famous horses</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Aldaniti\" title=\"Aldaniti\">Aldaniti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Battleship_(horse)\" title=\"Battleship (horse)\">Battleship</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Corbiere_(horse)\" title=\"Corbiere (horse)\">Corbiere</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Crisp_(horse)\" title=\"Crisp (horse)\">Crisp</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Devon_Loch\" title=\"Devon Loch\">Devon Loch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/The_Duke_(horse)\" title=\"The Duke (horse)\">The Duke</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/E.S.B._(horse)\" title=\"E.S.B. (horse)\">E.S.B.</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Foinavon\" title=\"Foinavon\">Foinavon</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Golden_Miller\" title=\"Golden Miller\">Golden Miller</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/L%27Escargot_(horse)\" title=\"L'Escargot (horse)\">L'Escargot</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Lord_Gyllene\" title=\"Lord Gyllene\">Lord Gyllene</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Lottery_(horse)\" title=\"Lottery (horse)\">Lottery</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Mr_Frisk\" title=\"Mr Frisk\">Mr Frisk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Party_Politics_(horse)\" title=\"Party Politics (horse)\">Party Politics</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Peter_Simple_(horse)\" title=\"Peter Simple (horse)\">Peter Simple</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Red_Rum\" title=\"Red Rum\">Red Rum</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Tiger_Roll\" title=\"Tiger Roll\">Tiger Roll</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/West_Tip\" title=\"West Tip\">West Tip</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"background:#77dd77;;width:1%;background:#ddeedd;\">Famous jockeys</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Beltr%C3%A1n_Alfonso_Osorio,_18th_Duke_of_Alburquerque\" title=\"Beltrán Alfonso Osorio, 18th Duke of Alburquerque\">Duke of Alburquerque</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Jack_Anthony_(jockey)\" title=\"Jack Anthony (jockey)\">Jack Anthony</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Martin_Becher\" title=\"Martin Becher\">Martin Becher</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Rachael_Blackmore\" title=\"Rachael Blackmore\">Rachael Blackmore</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Tommy_Carberry\" title=\"Tommy Carberry\">Tommy Carberry</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Bob_Champion\" title=\"Bob Champion\">Bob Champion</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Richard_Dunwoody\" title=\"Richard Dunwoody\">Richard Dunwoody</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Brian_Fletcher\" title=\"Brian Fletcher\">Brian Fletcher</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Dick_Francis\" title=\"Dick Francis\">Dick Francis</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Josh_Gifford\" title=\"Josh Gifford\">Josh Gifford</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Bruce_Hobbs\" title=\"Bruce Hobbs\">Bruce Hobbs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Karl,_8th_Prince_Kinsky_of_Wchinitz_and_Tettau\" title=\"Karl, 8th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau\">Count Karl Kinsky</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Jem_Mason\" title=\"Jem Mason\">Jem Mason</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Tony_McCoy\" title=\"Tony McCoy\">Tony McCoy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Tom_Olliver\" title=\"Tom Olliver\">Tom Olliver</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Ernest_Piggott\" title=\"Ernest Piggott\">Ernest Piggott</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Richard_Pitman\" title=\"Richard Pitman\">Richard Pitman</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Davy_Russell\" title=\"Davy Russell\">Davy Russell</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Ruby_Walsh\" title=\"Ruby Walsh\">Ruby Walsh</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Fred_Winter\" title=\"Fred Winter\">Fred Winter</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"background:#77dd77;;width:1%;background:#ddeedd;\">Other people</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Peter_Bromley\" title=\"Peter Bromley\">Peter Bromley</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Ginger_McCain\" title=\"Ginger McCain\">Ginger McCain</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Vincent_O%27Brien\" title=\"Vincent O'Brien\">Vincent O'Brien</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Michael_O%27Hehir\" title=\"Michael O'Hehir\">Michael O'Hehir</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Peter_O%27Sullevan\" title=\"Peter O'Sullevan\">Peter O'Sullevan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Jenny_Pitman\" title=\"Jenny Pitman\">Jenny Pitman</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Fred_Rimell\" title=\"Fred Rimell\">Fred Rimell</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother\" title=\"Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother\">Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/John_Oaksey\" title=\"John Oaksey\">Lord Oaksey</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/William_Molyneux,_2nd_Earl_of_Sefton\" title=\"William Molyneux, 2nd Earl of Sefton\">Lord Sefton</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"background:#77dd77;;width:1%;background:#ddeedd;\">Lists</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_Grand_National_winners\" title=\"List of Grand National winners\">List of Grand National winners</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_Grand_National_first_four_placings\" title=\"List of Grand National first four placings\">List of Grand National first four placings</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_equine_fatalities_in_the_Grand_National\" title=\"List of equine fatalities in the Grand National\">List of equine fatalities in the Grand National</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_female_Grand_National_jockeys\" title=\"List of female Grand National jockeys\">List of female Grand National jockeys</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8445b8969b‐xkln2\nCached time: 20241228165025\nCache expiry: 2592000\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc]\nCPU time usage: 0.448 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.601 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 2552/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 52155/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 4563/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 14/100\nExpensive parser function count: 3/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 1/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 24118/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.211/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 4233752/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion 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vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box\">\n\t<a href=\"/wiki/Special:Search\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search\"></span>\n\n<span>Search</span>\n\t</a>\n\t<div class=\"vector-typeahead-search-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width\">\n\t\t\t<form action=\"/w/index.php\" id=\"searchform\" class=\"cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"simpleSearch\" class=\"cdx-search-input__input-wrapper\" data-search-loc=\"header-moved\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"cdx-text-input__input\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\" aria-label=\"Search Wikipedia\" autocapitalize=\"sentences\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"searchInput\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon\"></span>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title\" value=\"Special:Search\">\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button\">Search</button>\n\t\t\t</form>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide\" aria-label=\"Personal tools\">\n\t<div class=\"vector-user-links-main\">\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-preferences\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-userpage\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown \" title=\"Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Appearance\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Appearance</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t</nav>\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-notifications\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-vector-user-menu-overflow\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-sitesupport-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" class=\"\"><span>Donate</span></a>\n</li>\n<li id=\"pt-createaccount-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Givi+Alkhazishvili\" title=\"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\" class=\"\"><span>Create account</span></a>\n</li>\n<li id=\"pt-login-2\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw=\"interface\" href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Givi+Alkhazishvili\" title=\"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\" accesskey=\"o\" class=\"\"><span>Log in</span></a>\n</li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t</div>\n\t\n<div id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out\" title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Personal tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item\" title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-sitesupport\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-createaccount\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Givi+Alkhazishvili\" title=\"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd\"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-login\" class=\"user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Givi+Alkhazishvili\" title=\"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\" accesskey=\"o\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"p-user-menu-anon-editor\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPages for logged out editors <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction\" aria-label=\"Learn more about editing\"><span>learn more</span></a>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"pt-anoncontribs\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyContributions\" title=\"A list of edits made from this IP address [y]\" accesskey=\"y\"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id=\"pt-anontalk\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:MyTalk\" title=\"Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]\" accesskey=\"n\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</nav>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t</header>\n</div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-navigation\">\n\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel\" class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\t\n\t\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents</h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Biography\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Biography\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Biography</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Biography-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"></span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Biography subsection</span>\n\t\t\t</button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Biography-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"toc-Early_life\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Early_life\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.1</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Early life</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Early_life-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Later_life\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Later_life\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.2</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Later life</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Later_life-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Poetry\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Poetry\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.3</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Poetry</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Poetry-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Novels\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Novels\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.4</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Novels</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Novels-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Essays\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Essays\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.5</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Essays</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Essays-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t\t<li id=\"toc-Translations\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Translations\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1.6</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Translations</span>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Translations-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t</li>\n\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">Givi Alkhazishvili</span></h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 3 languages\" >\n\t<label id=\"p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">3 languages</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A\" title=\"جيفي ألخازيشفيلي – Arabic\" lang=\"ar\" hreflang=\"ar\" data-title=\"جيفي ألخازيشفيلي\" data-language-autonym=\"العربية\" data-language-local-name=\"Arabic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98\" title=\"გივი ალხაზიშვილი – Georgian\" lang=\"ka\" hreflang=\"ka\" data-title=\"გივი ალხაზიშვილი\" data-language-autonym=\"ქართული\" data-language-local-name=\"Georgian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87\" title=\"Алхазишвили, Гиви Иванович – Russian\" lang=\"ru\" hreflang=\"ru\" data-title=\"Алхазишвили, Гиви Иванович\" data-language-autonym=\"Русский\" data-language-local-name=\"Russian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\"><span>Русский</span></a></li>\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3652728#sitelinks-wikipedia\" title=\"Edit interlanguage links\" class=\"wbc-editpage\">Edit links</a></span></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n</header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Givi_Alkhazishvili\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" 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class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance\" class=\"vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"appearance-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-appearance\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Appearance</div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"bodyContent\" class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"mw-indicators\">\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"siteSub\" class=\"noprint\">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentSub\"><div id=\"mw-content-subtitle\"></div></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Georgian writer</div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1251242444\">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class=\"box-BLP_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources\" role=\"presentation\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"mbox-image\"><div class=\"mbox-image-div\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"40\" data-file-height=\"40\" /></span></span></div></td><td class=\"mbox-text\"><div class=\"mbox-text-span\">This <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons\" title=\"Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons\">biography of a living person</a> <b>needs additional <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citing sources\">citations</a> for <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability\" title=\"Wikipedia:Verifiability\">verification</a></b>.<span class=\"hide-when-compact\"> Please help by adding <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources\" title=\"Wikipedia:Reliable sources\">reliable sources</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Remove_contentious_material_that_is_unsourced_or_poorly_sourced\" title=\"Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons\">Contentious material</a> about living persons that is unsourced or <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#Questionable_and_self-published_sources\" title=\"Wikipedia:Reliable sources\">poorly sourced</a> <b>must be removed immediately</b> from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel\" title=\"Wikipedia:Libel\">libelous</a>.<br /><small><span class=\"plainlinks\"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Givi+Alkhazishvili%22\">\"Givi Alkhazishvili\"</a> – <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Givi+Alkhazishvili%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1\">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Givi+Alkhazishvili%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks\">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Givi+Alkhazishvili%22+-wikipedia\">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Givi+Alkhazishvili%22\">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Givi+Alkhazishvili%22&acc=on&wc=on\">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class=\"date-container\"><i>(<span class=\"date\">February 2010</span>)</i></span><span class=\"hide-when-compact\"><i> (<small><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal\" title=\"Help:Maintenance template removal\">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p class=\"mw-empty-elt\">\n</p><p><b>Givi Alkhazishvili</b> (<a href=\"/wiki/Georgian_language\" title=\"Georgian language\">Georgian</a>: <span title=\"Georgian-language text\"><span lang=\"ka\" style=\"font-style: normal;\">გივი ალხაზიშვილი</span></span>; born 26 May 1944 in <a href=\"/wiki/Georgia_(country)\" title=\"Georgia (country)\">Georgia</a>), is an <a href=\"/wiki/Author\" title=\"Author\">author</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Poet\" title=\"Poet\">poet</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Essay\" title=\"Essay\">essayist</a>, and translator.\n</p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp/toc\" />\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Biography\">Biography</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Givi_Alkhazishvili&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Biography\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Early_life\">Early life</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Givi_Alkhazishvili&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: Early life\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>Alkhazishvili, completed secondary school in 1961 and then attended <a href=\"/wiki/Tbilisi_State_University\" title=\"Tbilisi State University\">Tbilisi State University</a>. Between 1963 and 1966, he was conscripted into the <a href=\"/wiki/Red_Army\" title=\"Red Army\">Red Army</a>. He eventually graduated from Tbilisi State University in 1969.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Later_life\">Later life</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Givi_Alkhazishvili&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: Later life\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>Since 1989, Alkhazishvili has been chief editor of Merani. His stated objective has been to publish works by young, clever writers. Between 2003 and 2006, he was a director of editorial house Merani.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Between the late 1990s and early 2000s Alkhazishvili lectured at the Cultural University, presenting the literary mastery course.\n</p><p>In 2010, Givi Alkhazishvili's 3 books were published: The Fiction – Documentary \"Future Past\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> was published by \"Siesta\" publishing house, \"Intellect,\" printed \"100 poems,\" The Publisher \"Saunje\" has published a new poetry collection \"Put back Gaze\" for which the author was awarded \"Saba\" for the Best collection of poems of the year in 2011.<sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Poetry\">Poetry</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Givi_Alkhazishvili&action=edit&section=4\" title=\"Edit section: Poetry\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>Alkhazishvili's poetry had been published from the 1960s in university newspapers and almanacs <i>First Ray</i>, <i>Akhkomi</i> and <i>Tsiakari</i>.\n</p><p>In 1972, publishing house \"Merani\" (Pegasus) published Alkhazishvili's first book, <i>Poetries</i>. This was achieved through fortuitous circumstances when the chief editor, Grigol Chikovani, was arrested in his office. Nika Agiashvili temporarily became the chief editor and liked Alkhazishvili's work, unlike his predecessor who had insisted that Merani would not publish any social-realistic poetry.\n</p><p>The following collections of poetry have been published:\n</p>\n<ul><li><i>Poetries</i> (1972)</li>\n<li><i>City of Remind</i> (1975)</li>\n<li><i>Foreign Bird</i> (1975)</li>\n<li><i>Poetries Poem</i> (1977)</li>\n<li><i>Window of the Past</i> (1980)</li>\n<li><i>Dialog in Thoughts</i> (1981)</li>\n<li><i>Eye as a Candle of Soul</i> (1982)</li>\n<li><i>Wind Chase</i> (1983)</li>\n<li><i>The Sky, You Always See</i> (1985)</li>\n<li><i>Expectation of Words</i> (1987)</li>\n<li><i>Arise</i> (1987)</li>\n<li><i>Hurt is Shining</i> (1989)</li>\n<li><i>Nights Ash</i> (1990)</li>\n<li><i>Only about love</i> (1990)</li>\n<li><i>Light in Drop</i> (1995)</li>\n<li><i>Going out from Horda</i> (1998) Winner of 1998 <i>Akaki Tsereteli Prize</i> and 1999 <i>State Prize</i></li>\n<li><i>One Volume</i> (1998)</li>\n<li><i>Will of Break Away</i> (2005)</li>\n<li><i>Koronikoni</i> (2006)</li>\n<li><i>Koronikoni – 2007</i> (2008)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Novels\">Novels</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Givi_Alkhazishvili&action=edit&section=5\" title=\"Edit section: Novels\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>Three novels have also been published:\n</p>\n<ul><li><i>Is the Sun Rising or Set?</i> (1999)</li>\n<li><i>From Row to Row</i> (1999)</li>\n<li><i>From One Side to Another of the Iron Door</i> (2002)</li></ul>\n<p>In 2008, the magazine <i>Our Writing</i> printed a short version of a new novel <i>Future past</i>. The complete novel was soon published as a separate book.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Essays\">Essays</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Givi_Alkhazishvili&action=edit&section=6\" title=\"Edit section: Essays\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>In 2004, Merani published collection of Alkhazishvili's essays – <i>Thought Migrated in Words</i>.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"Translations\">Translations</h3><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Givi_Alkhazishvili&action=edit&section=7\" title=\"Edit section: Translations\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>Alkhazishvili has been a keen translator of foreign poetry into <a href=\"/wiki/Georgian_language\" title=\"Georgian language\">Georgian</a>.\n</p><p>In 1979, with the help of Otar Nodia, he translated Atanas Feti's collection of poems <i>Night Rotches</i>. The artistic board also prepared the collection <i>Day for Ever</i> (1984) which also included translations of work by Atanas Feti, Vladimir Soloviovi, Andrei Beli and Alexander Boloki.\n</p><p>In 1999, Merani and the world poetry library series published Vislava Shiborska's poetry collection. The translation was done by Alkhazishvili and Mikhail Kvlividze. With Geno Kalandia he also translated Tudor Argezi's poetry collection <i>Moldavian Poetry Papers</i>.\n</p><p>Georgian translations of the first two volumes (of a five volume set) by <a href=\"/wiki/Rainer_Maria_Rilke\" title=\"Rainer Maria Rilke\">Rainer Maria Rilke</a> were published by Caucasian house. <a href=\"/wiki/Naira_Gelashvili\" title=\"Naira Gelashvili\">Naira Gelashvili</a> prepared them for publication in 2007 along with many volumes of Austrian poetry published by Dato Barbakadze. Alkhazishvili's translation of <i>Shaukali</i> was included in the first volume. <i>Rikle</i> appeared in the third volume.\n</p><p>Alkhazishvili's own works have been translated into many languages, including English, <a href=\"/wiki/Russian_language\" title=\"Russian language\">Russian</a>, Italian, <a href=\"/wiki/Ukrainian_language\" title=\"Ukrainian language\">Ukrainian</a>, etc. Three books have been translated into Russian: <i>Gorod Vospaminania</i> (City of Remind), <i><a href=\"/wiki/Molodaya_Gvardiya_(magazine)\" title=\"Molodaya Gvardiya (magazine)\">Molodaya Gvardiya</a></i> (Young Guard) (1979), <i>Dialog v Razdumiakh</i> (Dialog in thoughts), <i>Molodaya Gvardiya</i> (Young Guard) (1984). In 1988 <i>Sosoyanie</i> (Condition) was translated by the poet and translator Iuli Danieli.\n</p><p>In 1991, <i>All-seeing sky</i> was published in <a href=\"/wiki/Moscow\" title=\"Moscow\">Moscow</a>, with a translation by Alexander Eriomenko and Tatiana Bek. Alexander Eriomenko had worked in the 1970s at <i>Tsiskari</i> magazine as a reviewer, literature worker, and chief of the critic redaction, during which time he collaborated with young writers, many of whom were first published with his help.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"External_links\">External links</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Givi_Alkhazishvili&action=edit&section=8\" title=\"Edit section: External links\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20110712085443/http://alkhaz.ge/\">Official website</a> (Georgian)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Givi_Alkhazishvili&action=edit&section=9\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090223170807/http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Source/Completed/STAGE/DGIV_CULT_STAGE(2003)5_EN.pdf\">\"Policy review of the Georgian book sector\"</a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)</span>. Council of Europe, Cultural Policy and Action Department, Directorate General IV – Education, Culture and Heritage, Youth and Sport. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Source/Completed/STAGE/DGIV_CULT_STAGE(2003)5_EN.pdf\">the original</a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)</span> on 23 February 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">7 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Policy+review+of+the+Georgian+book+sector&rft.pub=Council+of+Europe%2C+Cultural+Policy+and+Action+Department%2C+Directorate+General+IV+%E2%80%93+Education%2C+Culture+and+Heritage%2C+Youth+and+Sport&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coe.int%2Ft%2Fdg4%2Fcultureheritage%2FSource%2FCompleted%2FSTAGE%2FDGIV_CULT_STAGE%282003%295_EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGivi+Alkhazishvili\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://siestabooks.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post.html\">სიესტა: მომავალი წარსული – გივი ალხაზიშვილი</a></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.tbcbank.com.ge/en/about/bank_overview/pr/CSR/?id=1545\">თიბისი ბანკი – TBC Bank</a></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20110902025732/http://georgiatoday.ge/article_details.php?id=9286\">\"Winners of \"Saba 2011\" announced : By Kate Lekishvili : Georgia Today on the Web\"</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.georgiatoday.ge/article_details.php?id=9286\">the original</a> on 2 September 2011<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">21 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Winners+of+%22Saba+2011%22+announced+%3A+By+Kate+Lekishvili+%3A+Georgia+Today+on+the+Web&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.georgiatoday.ge%2Farticle_details.php%3Fid%3D9286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGivi+Alkhazishvili\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1129693374\">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:\": \"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:\" · \";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li 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0.25em\"><ul><li><span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://isni.org/isni/0000000020370552\">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://viaf.org/viaf/11157547\">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://viaf.org/viaf/301224546\">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJw4xYr8HDdGjFKkVxdCwC\">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">National</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><ul><li><span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://d-nb.info/gnd/1072439131\">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external 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id=\"toc-Services\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Services\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Services</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Services-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Location\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Location\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Location</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Location-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Past_and_present_Consuls_General\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Past_and_present_Consuls_General\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Past and present Consuls General</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Past_and_present_Consuls_General-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-France-Atlanta\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#France-Atlanta\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>France-Atlanta</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-France-Atlanta-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-Honorary_Consuls\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Honorary_Consuls\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Honorary Consuls</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-Honorary_Consuls-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-See_also\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#See_also\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">6</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>See also</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-See_also-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">7</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-References-sublist\" 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class=\"mw-indicators\">\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"siteSub\" class=\"noprint\">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentSub\"><div id=\"mw-content-subtitle\"></div></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Diplomatic mission</div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1257001546\">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class=\"infobox vcard\"><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-above fn org\">Consulate General of France in Atlanta<br /><small>Consulat Général de France à Atlanta<br /></small></th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-image\"><span class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File/Frameless\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Logo_du_consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Atlanta.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Logo_du_consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Atlanta.svg/220px-Logo_du_consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Atlanta.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"257\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Logo_du_consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Atlanta.svg/330px-Logo_du_consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Atlanta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Logo_du_consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Atlanta.svg/440px-Logo_du_consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Atlanta.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"599\" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-image\"><a class=\"mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center\" style=\"width: 270px; height: 200px;\" data-mw-kartographer=\"mapframe\" data-style=\"osm-intl\" data-width=\"270\" data-height=\"200\" data-zoom=\"13\" data-overlays=\"["_0b3fc0c8735c337845624e936210056df6e0a2a5"]\"><img src=\"https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Consulate_General_of_France%2C_Atlanta&revid=1191313291&groups=_0b3fc0c8735c337845624e936210056df6e0a2a5\" width=\"270\" height=\"200\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Consulate_General_of_France%2C_Atlanta&revid=1191313291&groups=_0b3fc0c8735c337845624e936210056df6e0a2a5 2x\" alt=\"Map\" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Location</th><td class=\"infobox-data label\">Buckhead Tower at Lenox Square, Suite 567, 3399 Peachtree Road\nAtlanta GA 30326</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Coordinates</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"geo-inline\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1156832818\">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&params=33_45_18_N_84_23_24_W_\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">33°45′18″N</span> <span class=\"longitude\">84°23′24″W</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\"> / </span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">33.75500°N 84.39000°W</span><span style=\"display:none\"> / <span class=\"geo\">33.75500; -84.39000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\"><a href=\"/wiki/Consul_General\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Consul General\">Consul General</a></th><td class=\"infobox-data agent\">Anne-Laure Desjonquères</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\">Website</th><td class=\"infobox-data\"><span class=\"url\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://atlanta.consulfrance.org/-english-\">atlanta<wbr />.consulfrance<wbr />.org<wbr />/-english-</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p>The <b>Consulate General of France</b> in <a href=\"/wiki/Atlanta\" title=\"Atlanta\">Atlanta</a> is the <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_France\" title=\"List of diplomatic missions of France\">French diplomatic outpost</a> to the <a href=\"/wiki/US\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"US\">U.S</a> Southeast. Its jurisdiction covers the states of <a href=\"/wiki/Alabama\" title=\"Alabama\">Alabama</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)\" title=\"Georgia (U.S. state)\">Georgia</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Mississippi\" title=\"Mississippi\">Mississippi</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/North_Carolina\" title=\"North Carolina\">North Carolina</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/South_Carolina\" title=\"South Carolina\">South Carolina</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Tennessee\" title=\"Tennessee\">Tennessee</a>. The mission of the Consulate is to provide protection and administrative services to French citizens living or traveling within the region. It also seeks to promote French-American cooperation and exchange.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup> It is one of the ten consulates of the French diplomatic network in the United States. <sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp/toc\" />\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Services\">Services</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Services\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>Source:<sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<ul><li><b>The Chancellery</b> provides administrative services to French nationals including social aid, scholarships, help for French travelers in difficulty, assistance to incarcerated French citizens, etc. It serves as an intermediary between the French administration and French nationals, helping the latter to maintain ties and exercise their rights as citizens.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li><b>The Office of Cultural Services</b> facilitates cooperation and French-American dialogue in the U.S. Southeast in the educational, university and artistic fields. Alongside its partners, it supports numerous projects and initiatives in the arts, literature, cinema, the digital sphere, the French language and higher education.<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li><b>The Office for Science and Technology</b>  seeks to actively participate in the scientific and technological dynamism of the U.S. Southeast by identifying new possibilities for research partnerships between local public or private institutions and French organizations. Among its missions, the Office monitors local scientific innovations; initiates and reinforces scientific and technological partnerships; encourages exchanges of doctoral students and researchers between the two countries; and supports French and American innovation through accompanying young start-ups in their discovery of the U.S. ecosystem as well as through promoting the France’s attractiveness to young innovative American companies.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></li>\n<li><b>The Press and Communications Office</b> oversees the Consulate’s external communication. It is in charge of maintaining close relations with the local media and institutions, explaining the policies of the French Government in foreign and domestic affairs. The Office also manages the Consulate’s website,  e-newsletter, and social media accounts.</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Location\">Location</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: Location\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>Previously located in the Prominence in Buckhead building, the Consulate General of France in Atlanta moved to the 5th floor of Buckhead Towers at Lenox Square in <a href=\"/wiki/Buckhead,_Atlanta\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Buckhead, Atlanta\">Buckhead</a> on May 17, 2010. The building can be found at the intersection of Lenox Road and E. Paces Ferry Road NE, behind Lenox Mall and adjacent to the J.W. Marriott Hotel.\n</p><p>The space was inaugurated on June 30, 2010 as the \"Maison de France\" complex. At that time, it also included the French-American Chamber of Commerce of Atlanta, the French Trade Commission-Ubifrance, and the Atlanta-Accueil association. As of summer 2021, the space is exclusively occupied by the Consulate.\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Past_and_present_Consuls_General\">Past and present Consuls General</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&action=edit&section=3\" title=\"Edit section: Past and present Consuls General\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>The first French Consul arrived in Atlanta in 1989, and as of 2022, there have been ten French Consuls:\n</p>\n<ul><li>Anne-Laure Desjonquères - 2022-Present</li>\n<li>Vincent Hommeril - 2019-2022</li>\n<li>Louis de Corail - 2016–2019</li>\n<li>Denis Barbet - 2012–2016</li>\n<li>Pascal le Deunff - 2009–2012</li>\n<li>Philippe Ardanaz – 2005-2009</li>\n<li>René-Serge Marty – 2001-2005</li>\n<li>Jean-Paul Moncheau – 1997-2001</li>\n<li>Gérard Blanchot – 1993-1997</li>\n<li>Jacky Musnier – 1989-1993</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"France-Atlanta\">France-Atlanta</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&action=edit&section=4\" title=\"Edit section: France-Atlanta\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>In 2010, the Consulate and the <a href=\"/wiki/Georgia_Tech\" title=\"Georgia Tech\">Georgia Institute of Technology</a> launched France-Atlanta, with the purpose of breathing new life into the French-American relationship in the U.S. Southeast. The inaugural edition featured 20 events attended by over 3,500 participants, including delegations from Paris and Metz, France.<sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>Since then, the initiative has transformed into an annual, multidisciplinary affair featuring French and American business leaders, scientists, artists, and humanitarian experts. Through its programming, it seeks to showcase the best ideas and innovations on both sides of the Atlantic as well as to encourage partnerships between French and American scholars, artists and visionaries.<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"Honorary_Consuls\">Honorary Consuls</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&action=edit&section=5\" title=\"Edit section: Honorary Consuls\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<p>The consul general supervises and works closely with eight honorary consuls based in the following locations within the consulate’s jurisdiction:\n</p>\n<ul><li>Mobile (Alabama)</li>\n<li>Savannah (Georgia)</li>\n<li>Hattiesburg (Mississippi)</li>\n<li>Charlotte (North Carolina)</li>\n<li>Raleigh (North Carolina)</li>\n<li>Charleston (South Carolina)</li>\n<li>Greenville (South Carolina)</li>\n<li>Nashville (Tennessee)</li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"See_also\">See also</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&action=edit&section=6\" title=\"Edit section: See also\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France_in_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of France in Washington, D.C.\">Embassy of France in Washington, D.C.</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Franco-American_relations\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Franco-American relations\">Franco-American relations</a></li></ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&action=edit&section=7\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://atlanta.consulfrance.org/spip.php?rubrique74\">\"The Consulate - France in the Southeast region\"</a>. <i>atlanta.consulfrance.org</i>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=atlanta.consulfrance.org&rft.atitle=The+Consulate+-+France+in+the+Southeast+region&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fatlanta.consulfrance.org%2Fspip.php%3Frubrique74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsulate+General+of+France%2C+Atlanta\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090419184609/http://www.ambafrance-us.org/spip.php?rubrique=2\">\"France in the United States/ Embassy of France in Washington\"</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ambafrance-us.org/spip.php?rubrique=2\">the original</a> on 2009-04-19<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2009-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=France+in+the+United+States%2F+Embassy+of+France+in+Washington&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ambafrance-us.org%2Fspip.php%3Frubrique%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsulate+General+of+France%2C+Atlanta\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://atlanta.consulfrance.org/jurisdiction-and-services\">\"Jurisdiction and services\"</a>. <i>France in the Southeast region</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2021-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+in+the+Southeast+region&rft.atitle=Jurisdiction+and+services&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fatlanta.consulfrance.org%2Fjurisdiction-and-services&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsulate+General+of+France%2C+Atlanta\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://atlanta.consulfrance.org/spip.php?rubrique118\">\"Visas to France - France in the Southeast region\"</a>. <i>atlanta.consulfrance.org</i>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=atlanta.consulfrance.org&rft.atitle=Visas+to+France+-+France+in+the+Southeast+region&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fatlanta.consulfrance.org%2Fspip.php%3Frubrique118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsulate+General+of+France%2C+Atlanta\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://atlanta.consulfrance.org/spip.php?rubrique119\">\"Culture - France in the Southeast region\"</a>. <i>atlanta.consulfrance.org</i>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=atlanta.consulfrance.org&rft.atitle=Culture+-+France+in+the+Southeast+region&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fatlanta.consulfrance.org%2Fspip.php%3Frubrique119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsulate+General+of+France%2C+Atlanta\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://atlanta.consulfrance.org/office-for-science-and-technology\">\"Office for Science and Technology\"</a>. <i>France in the Southeast region</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2021-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+in+the+Southeast+region&rft.atitle=Office+for+Science+and+Technology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fatlanta.consulfrance.org%2Foffice-for-science-and-technology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsulate+General+of+France%2C+Atlanta\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://atlanta.consulfrance.org/france-atlanta-6034\">\"France-Atlanta\"</a>. <i>France in the Southeast region</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2021-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+in+the+Southeast+region&rft.atitle=France-Atlanta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fatlanta.consulfrance.org%2Ffrance-atlanta-6034&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsulate+General+of+France%2C+Atlanta\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://atlanta.consulfrance.org/about-france-atlanta\">\"About France-Atlanta\"</a>. <i>France in the Southeast region</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2021-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+in+the+Southeast+region&rft.atitle=About+France-Atlanta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fatlanta.consulfrance.org%2Fabout-france-atlanta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsulate+General+of+France%2C+Atlanta\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"External_links\">External links</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&action=edit&section=8\" title=\"Edit section: External links\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.consulfrance-atlanta.org/spip.php?rubrique=7\">Official Website</a></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.consulfrance-atlanta.org/spip.php?rubrique1\">Official Website</a> <span class=\"languageicon\">(in French)</span></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://france-atlanta.org/\">France-Atlanta</a></li></ul>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1129693374\">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:\": \"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:\" · \";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:\" (\";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd 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aria-labelledby=\"23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Diplomatic_missions_of_France\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"background:lightsteelblue;\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239400231\">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:\"[ \"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:\" ]\"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class=\"navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini\"><ul><li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Diplomatic_missions_of_France\" title=\"Template:Diplomatic missions of France\"><abbr title=\"View this template\">v</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Diplomatic_missions_of_France\" title=\"Template talk:Diplomatic missions of France\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\">t</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-edit\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Diplomatic_missions_of_France\" title=\"Special:EditPage/Template:Diplomatic missions of France\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id=\"23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Diplomatic_missions_of_France\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></span></span></span> <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_France\" title=\"List of diplomatic missions of France\">Diplomatic missions of France</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class=\"navbox-abovebelow\" colspan=\"3\"><div><a href=\"/wiki/Diplomatic_mission\" title=\"Diplomatic mission\">Embassies</a> shown as main entries; <a href=\"/wiki/Diplomatic_mission\" title=\"Diplomatic mission\">consulates-general</a> shown as sub-entries by country.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;\">Africa</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Algiers\" title=\"Embassy of France, Algiers\">Algeria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Luanda&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Luanda (page does not exist)\">Angola</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_Angola\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en Angola\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Cotonou&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Cotonou (page does not exist)\">Benin</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_B%C3%A9nin\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Bénin\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Gaborone&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Gaborone (page does not exist)\">Botswana</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Botswana\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Botswana\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Ouagadougou&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Ouagadougou (page does not exist)\">Burkina Faso</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Burkina_Faso\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Burkina Faso\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Bujumbura&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Bujumbura (page does not exist)\">Burundi</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Burundi\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Burundi\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Yaound%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Yaoundé (page does not exist)\">Cameroon</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Cameroun\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Cameroun\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Praia&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Praia (page does not exist)\">Cape Verde</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Cap-Vert\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Cap-Vert\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Bangui&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Bangui (page does not exist)\">Central African Republic</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_R%C3%A9publique_centrafricaine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en République centrafricaine\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Moroni&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Moroni (page does not exist)\">Comoros</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_aux_Comores\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France aux Comores\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Brazzaville&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Brazzaville (page does not exist)\">Congo-Brazzaville</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Congo\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Congo\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Kinshasa&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Kinshasa (page does not exist)\">Congo-Kinshasa</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_r%C3%A9publique_d%C3%A9mocratique_du_Congo\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en république démocratique du Congo\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Djibouti (page does not exist)\">Djibouti</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_%C3%A0_Djibouti\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France à Djibouti\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Cairo&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Cairo (page does not exist)\">Egypt</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_%C3%89gypte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en Égypte\">fr</a>]</span>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Alexandria&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Alexandria (page does not exist)\">Alexandria</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Alexandrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Alexandrie\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Conakry&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Conakry (page does not exist)\">Guinea</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_Guin%C3%A9e\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en Guinée\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Abidjan&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Abidjan (page does not exist)\">Ivory Coast</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en Côte d'Ivoire\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Bamako\" title=\"Embassy of France, Bamako\">Mali</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Rabat&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Rabat (page does not exist)\">Morocco</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Maroc\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Maroc\">fr</a>]</span>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Dar_Moulay_Ali\" title=\"Dar Moulay Ali\">Marrakesh</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/French_Consulate_General,_Tangier\" title=\"French Consulate General, Tangier\">Tangier</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Pretoria\" title=\"Embassy of France, Pretoria\">South Africa</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_France,_Cape_Town\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Cape Town\">Cape Town</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Johannesburg&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Johannesburg (page does not exist)\">Johannesburg</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Johannesbourg\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Johannesbourg\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Juba&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Juba (page does not exist)\">South Sudan</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Soudan_du_Sud\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Soudan du Sud\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul>\n</div></td><td class=\"noviewer navbox-image\" rowspan=\"6\" style=\"width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px\"><div><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\" title=\"Coat of arms of France\"><img alt=\"Coat of arms of France\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/52px-Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"52\" height=\"59\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/78px-Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/104px-Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"175\" data-file-height=\"199\" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;\">Americas</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Buenos_Aires&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Buenos Aires (page does not exist)\">Argentina</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_Argentine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en Argentine\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_La_Paz&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, La Paz (page does not exist)\">Bolivia</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_Bolivie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en Bolivie\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Bras%C3%ADlia&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Brasília (page does not exist)\">Brazil</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Br%C3%A9sil\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Brésil\">fr</a>]</span>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Recife&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Recife (page does not exist)\">Recife</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Recife\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Recife\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Rio_de_Janeiro&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Rio de Janeiro (page does not exist)\">Rio de Janeiro</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Rio_de_Janeiro\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Rio de Janeiro\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_S%C3%A3o_Paulo&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, São Paulo (page does not exist)\">São Paulo</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_S%C3%A3o_Paulo\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à São Paulo\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Ottawa\" title=\"Embassy of France, Ottawa\">Canada</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Moncton&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Moncton (page does not exist)\">Moncton</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Moncton\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Moncton\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Montreal&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Montreal (page does not exist)\">Montreal</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Montr%C3%A9al\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Montréal\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Quebec_City&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Quebec City (page does not exist)\">Quebec City</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Qu%C3%A9bec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Québec\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Toronto&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Toronto (page does not exist)\">Toronto</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Toronto\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Toronto\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Vancouver&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Vancouver (page does not exist)\">Vancouver</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Vancouver\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Vancouver\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Lima\" title=\"Embassy of France, Lima\">Peru</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of France, Washington, D.C.\">United States</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/French_Consulate_General,_Atlanta\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"French Consulate General, Atlanta\">Atlanta</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Boston&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Boston (page does not exist)\">Boston</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Boston\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Boston\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Chicago&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Chicago (page does not exist)\">Chicago</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Chicago\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Chicago\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Houston&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Houston (page does not exist)\">Houston</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Houston\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Houston\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Los_Angeles&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Los Angeles (page does not exist)\">Los Angeles</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Los_Angeles\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Los Angeles\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/French_Consulate_General,_Miami\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"French Consulate General, Miami\">Miami</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_New_Orleans&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, New Orleans (page does not exist)\">New Orleans</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_La_Nouvelle-Orl%C3%A9ans\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à La Nouvelle-Orléans\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/French_Consulate_General,_New_York_City\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"French Consulate General, New York City\">New York City</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/French_Consulate_General,_San_Francisco\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"French Consulate General, San Francisco\">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;\">Asia</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Phnom_Penh\" title=\"Embassy of France, Phnom Penh\">Cambodia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Beijing\" title=\"Embassy of France, Beijing\">China</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Chengdu&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Chengdu (page does not exist)\">Chengdu</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Chengdu\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Chengdu\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Guangzhou&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Guangzhou (page does not exist)\">Guangzhou</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Canton\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Canton\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Hong_Kong&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Hong Kong (page does not exist)\">Hong Kong</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Hong_Kong\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Hong Kong\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Shanghai&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Shanghai (page does not exist)\">Shanghai</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Shanghai\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Shanghai\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Shenyang&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Shenyang (page does not exist)\">Shenyang</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Shenyang\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Shenyang\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Wuhan&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Wuhan (page does not exist)\">Wuhan</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Wuhan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Wuhan\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_New_Delhi\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of France, New Delhi\">India</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_Inde\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en Inde\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li>Palestine\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_France,_Jerusalem\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Jerusalem\">Jerusalem</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Tokyo\" title=\"Embassy of France, Tokyo\">Japan</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Kyoto&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Kyoto (page does not exist)\">Kyoto</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Kyoto\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Kyoto\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Beirut\" title=\"Embassy of France, Beirut\">Lebanon</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Seoul&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Seoul (page does not exist)\">South Korea</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%ED%95%9C_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4_%EB%8C%80%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ko:주한 프랑스 대사관\">ko</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/French_Office_in_Taipei\" title=\"French Office in Taipei\">Taiwan</a><sup>1</sup></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Bangkok\" title=\"Embassy of France, Bangkok\">Thailand</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Ankara\" title=\"Embassy of France, Ankara\">Turkey</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Istanbul&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Istanbul (page does not exist)\">Istanbul</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Istanbul\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Istanbul\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Hanoi&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Hanoi (page does not exist)\">Vietnam</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_au_Vi%C3%AAt_Nam\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France au Viêt Nam\">fr</a>]</span>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate-General_of_France,_Ho_Chi_Minh_City\" title=\"Consulate-General of France, Ho Chi Minh City\">Ho Chi Minh City</a></li></ul></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;\">Europe</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_Brussels&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, Brussels (page does not exist)\">Belgium</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_en_Belgique\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France en Belgique\">fr</a>]</span>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Brussels&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Brussels (page does not exist)\">Brussels</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Bruxelles\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Bruxelles\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Prague\" title=\"Embassy of France, Prague\">Czechia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Copenhagen\" title=\"Embassy of France, Copenhagen\">Denmark</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Berlin\" title=\"Embassy of France, Berlin\">Germany</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Dublin\" title=\"Embassy of France, Dublin\">Ireland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Palazzo_Farnese\" title=\"Palazzo Farnese\">Italy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u\" title=\"Embassy of France, Chișinău\">Moldovia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_France,_The_Hague&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of France, The Hague (page does not exist)\">Netherlands</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassade_de_France_aux_Pays-Bas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Ambassade de France aux Pays-Bas\">fr</a>]</span>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Amsterdam&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Amsterdam (page does not exist)\">Amsterdam</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Amsterdam\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Amsterdam\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li>Poland\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_of_France,_Gdansk&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate of France, Gdansk (page does not exist)\">Gdansk</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_de_France_%C3%A0_Gda%C5%84sk\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat de France à Gdańsk\">fr</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Krak%C3%B3w&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Kraków (page does not exist)\">Kraków</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulat_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_France_%C3%A0_Cracovie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"fr:Consulat général de France à Cracovie\">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Bucharest\" title=\"Embassy of France, Bucharest\">Romania</a></li>\n<li>Russia\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_France,_Saint_Petersburg\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Saint Petersburg\">St. Petersburg</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Belgrade\" title=\"Embassy of France, Belgrade\">Serbia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Stockholm\" title=\"Embassy of France, Stockholm\">Sweden</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Kyiv\" title=\"Embassy of France, Kyiv\">Ukraine</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_London\" title=\"Embassy of France, London\">United Kingdom</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;\">Organisations</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_France_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of France to the United Nations\">United Nations</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;\">Former</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li>Canada\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Duke_of_Kent_House,_Quebec\" title=\"Duke of Kent House, Quebec\">Quebec City</a></li></ul></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><td class=\"navbox-abovebelow\" colspan=\"3\"><div><span style=\"position: relative; top: 0.2em;\"><sup>1</sup></span> No diplomatic relations with France, functions as an informal diplomatic mission</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235\"></div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Diplomatic_missions_in_the_United_States\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231\"><div class=\"navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini\"><ul><li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Diplomatic_missions_in_the_United_States\" title=\"Template:Diplomatic missions in the United States\"><abbr title=\"View this template\">v</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Diplomatic_missions_in_the_United_States\" title=\"Template talk:Diplomatic missions in the United States\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\">t</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-edit\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Diplomatic_missions_in_the_United_States\" title=\"Special:EditPage/Template:Diplomatic missions in the United States\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id=\"23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Diplomatic_missions_in_the_United_States\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><span class=\"mw-image-border\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1235\" data-file-height=\"650\" /></span></span></span> <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_the_United_States\" title=\"List of diplomatic missions in the United States\">Diplomatic missions in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Africa</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Algeria,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Algeria, Washington, D.C.\">Algeria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Angola,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Angola, Washington, D.C.\">Angola</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Benin,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Benin, Washington, D.C.\">Benin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Botswana,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Botswana, Washington, D.C.\">Botswana</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Burkina_Faso,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Burkina Faso, Washington, D.C.\">Burkina Faso</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Cameroon,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Cameroon, Washington, D.C.\">Cameroon</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Cape_Verde,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Cape Verde, Washington, D.C.\">Cape Verde</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Republic_of_Congo,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of the Republic of Congo, Washington, D.C.\">Congo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Egypt,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Egypt, Washington, D.C.\">Egypt</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Equatorial_Guinea,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Equatorial Guinea, Washington, D.C.\">Equatorial Guinea</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Equatorial_Guinea,_Houston\" title=\"Consulate General of Equatorial Guinea, Houston\">Houston</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Eritrea,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Eritrea, Washington, D.C.\">Eritrea</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Eswatini,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Eswatini, Washington, D.C.\">Eswatini</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Ethiopia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Ethiopia, Washington, D.C.\">Ethiopia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Gabon,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Gabon, Washington, D.C.\">Gabon</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Ghana,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Ghana, Washington, D.C.\">Ghana</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Guinea,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Guinea, Washington, D.C.\">Guinea</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Kenya,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Kenya, Washington, D.C.\">Kenya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Liberia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Liberia, Washington, D.C.\">Liberia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Libya,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Libya, Washington, D.C.\">Libya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Malawi,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Malawi, Washington, D.C.\">Malawi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Mauritania,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Mauritania, Washington, D.C.\">Mauritania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Morocco,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Morocco, Washington, D.C.\">Morocco</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Mozambique,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Mozambique, Washington, D.C.\">Mozambique</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Namibia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Namibia, Washington, D.C.\">Namibia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Niger,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Niger, Washington, D.C.\">Niger</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Nigeria,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Nigeria, Washington, D.C.\">Nigeria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Rwanda,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Rwanda, Washington, D.C.\">Rwanda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Senegal,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Senegal, Washington, D.C.\">Senegal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Sierra_Leone,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Sierra Leone, Washington, D.C.\">Sierra Leone</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_South_Africa,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of South Africa, Washington, D.C.\">South Africa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Lion_Building\" title=\"Lion Building\">South Sudan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Sudan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Sudan, Washington, D.C.\">Sudan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Tanzania,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Tanzania, Washington, D.C.\">Tanzania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Togo,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Togo, Washington, D.C.\">Togo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Tunisia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Tunisia, Washington, D.C.\">Tunisia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Uganda, Washington, D.C.\">Uganda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Zambia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Zambia, Washington, D.C.\">Zambia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Zimbabwe,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Zimbabwe, Washington, D.C.\">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Americas</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Argentina,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Argentina, Washington, D.C.\">Argentina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Bahamas,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of the Bahamas, Washington, D.C.\">Bahamas</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Barbados,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Barbados, Washington, D.C.\">Barbados</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Belize,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Belize, Washington, D.C.\">Belize</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Bolivia,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Bolivia, Washington, D.C.\">Bolivia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Brazil,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Brazil, Washington, D.C.\">Brazil</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Canada,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Canada, Washington, D.C.\">Canada</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Canada,_Boston\" title=\"Consulate General of Canada, Boston\">Boston</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Canada,_Chicago\" title=\"Consulate General of Canada, Chicago\">Chicago</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Chile,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Chile, Washington, D.C.\">Chile</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Colombia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Colombia, Washington, D.C.\">Colombia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Costa_Rica,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Costa Rica, Washington, D.C.\">Costa Rica</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Cuba,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Cuba, Washington, D.C.\">Cuba</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Ecuador,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Ecuador, Washington, D.C.\">Ecuador</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_El_Salvador,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of El Salvador, Washington, D.C.\">El Salvador</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Grenada,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Grenada, Washington, D.C.\">Grenada</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Guatemala,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Guatemala, Washington, D.C.\">Guatemala</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Guyana,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Guyana, Washington, D.C.\">Guyana</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Haiti,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Haiti, Washington, D.C.\">Haiti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Honduras,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Honduras, Washington, D.C.\">Honduras</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Jamaica,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Jamaica, Washington, D.C.\">Jamaica</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Mexico,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Mexico, Washington, D.C.\">Mexico</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Mexico,_Dallas\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Consulate General of Mexico, Dallas\">Dallas</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Nicaragua,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Nicaragua, Washington, D.C.\">Nicaragua</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Paraguay,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Paraguay, Washington, D.C.\">Paraguay</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Peru,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Peru, Washington, D.C.\">Peru</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Trinidad and Tobago, Washington, D.C.\">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Uruguay,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Uruguay, Washington, D.C.\">Uruguay</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Venezuela,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Venezuela, Washington, D.C.\">Venezuela</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Asia</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Bahrain,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Bahrain, Washington, D.C.\">Bahrain</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Bangladesh,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Bangladesh, Washington, D.C.\">Bangladesh</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Brunei,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Brunei, Washington, D.C.\">Brunei</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Cambodia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Cambodia, Washington, D.C.\">Cambodia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_China,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of China, Washington, D.C.\">China</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_China,_Los_Angeles\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Consulate General of China, Los Angeles\">Los Angeles</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_China,_New_York\" title=\"Consulate General of China, New York\">New York</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_India,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of India, Washington, D.C.\">India</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Indonesia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Indonesia, Washington, D.C.\">Indonesia</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Indonesia,_Chicago&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Indonesia, Chicago (page does not exist)\">Chicago</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsulat_Jenderal_Republik_Indonesia_di_Chicago\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"id:Konsulat Jenderal Republik Indonesia di Chicago\">id</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Indonesia,_Houston\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Consulate General of Indonesia, Houston\">Houston</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Indonesia,_Los_Angeles&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Indonesia, Los Angeles (page does not exist)\">Los Angeles</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsulat_Jenderal_Republik_Indonesia_di_Los_Angeles\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"id:Konsulat Jenderal Republik Indonesia di Los Angeles\">id</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Indonesia,_New_York\" title=\"Consulate General of Indonesia, New York\">New York</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Indonesia,_San_Francisco&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Indonesia, San Francisco (page does not exist)\">San Francisco</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsulat_Jenderal_Republik_Indonesia_di_San_Francisco\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"id:Konsulat Jenderal Republik Indonesia di San Francisco\">id</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Iraq,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Iraq, Washington, D.C.\">Iraq</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Israel,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Israel, Washington, D.C.\">Israel</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Israel_to_the_Pacific_Northwest_Region\" title=\"Consulate General of Israel to the Pacific Northwest Region\">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Japan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Japan, Washington, D.C.\">Japan</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Japan,_Atlanta\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, Atlanta\">Atlanta</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consular_Office_of_Japan,_Anchorage&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consular Office of Japan, Anchorage (page does not exist)\">Anchorage</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B8%E9%A0%98%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E6%89%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ja:在アンカレジ領事事務所\">ja</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Japan,_Chicago&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, Chicago (page does not exist)\">Chicago</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Japan,_Detroit\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, Detroit\">Detroit</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Japan,_Hagatna&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, Hagatna (page does not exist)\">Hagatna</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E3%83%8F%E3%82%AC%E3%83%83%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A3%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%9B%BD%E7%B7%8F%E9%A0%98%E4%BA%8B%E9%A4%A8\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ja:在ハガッニャ日本国総領事館\">ja</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Japan,_Honolulu\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, Honolulu\">Honolulu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Japan,_Houston\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, Houston\">Houston</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Japan,_Los_Angeles&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, Los Angeles (page does not exist)\">Los Angeles</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%9B%BD%E7%B7%8F%E9%A0%98%E4%BA%8B%E9%A4%A8\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ja:在ロサンゼルス日本国総領事館\">ja</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Japan,_Miami&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, Miami (page does not exist)\">Miami</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9F%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%9B%BD%E7%B7%8F%E9%A0%98%E4%BA%8B%E9%A4%A8\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ja:在マイアミ日本国総領事館\">ja</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Japan,_Nashville\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, Nashville\">Nashville</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Japan,_New_York_City&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, New York City (page does not exist)\">New York City</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%9B%BD%E7%B7%8F%E9%A0%98%E4%BA%8B%E9%A4%A8\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ja:在ニューヨーク日本国総領事館\">ja</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consular_Office_of_Japan,_Saipan&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consular Office of Japan, Saipan (page does not exist)\">Saipan</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3%E9%A0%98%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E6%89%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ja:在サイパン領事事務所\">ja</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Japan,_San_Francisco&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Japan, San Francisco (page does not exist)\">San Francisco</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%9B%BD%E7%B7%8F%E9%A0%98%E4%BA%8B%E9%A4%A8\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ja:在サンフランシスコ日本国総領事館\">ja</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Jordan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Jordan, Washington, D.C.\">Jordan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Kazakhstan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Kazakhstan, Washington, D.C.\">Kazakhstan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Kuwait,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Kuwait, Washington, D.C.\">Kuwait</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Kyrgyzstan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Kyrgyzstan, Washington, D.C.\">Kyrgyzstan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Laos,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Laos, Washington, D.C.\">Laos</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Lebanon,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Lebanon, Washington, D.C.\">Lebanon</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Malaysia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Malaysia, Washington, D.C.\">Malaysia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Mongolia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Mongolia, Washington, D.C.\">Mongolia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Myanmar,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Myanmar, Washington, D.C.\">Myanmar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Nepal,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Nepal, Washington, D.C.\">Nepal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Oman,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Oman, Washington, D.C.\">Oman</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Pakistan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Pakistan, Washington, D.C.\">Pakistan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Philippines,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of the Philippines, Washington, D.C.\">Philippines</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_the_Philippines,_Chicago\" title=\"Consulate General of the Philippines, Chicago\">Chicago</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_the_Philippines,_Honolulu\" title=\"Consulate General of the Philippines, Honolulu\">Honolulu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_the_Philippines,_Houston\" title=\"Consulate General of the Philippines, Houston\">Houston</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_the_Philippines,_Los_Angeles\" title=\"Consulate General of the Philippines, Los Angeles\">Los Angeles</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Philippine_Center\" title=\"Philippine Center\">New York City</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_the_Philippines,_San_Francisco\" title=\"Consulate General of the Philippines, San Francisco\">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Qatar,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Qatar, Washington, D.C.\">Qatar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Saudi_Arabia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Saudi Arabia, Washington, D.C.\">Saudi Arabia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Singapore,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Singapore, Washington, D.C.\">Singapore</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_South_Korea,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of South Korea, Washington, D.C.\">South Korea</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_South_Korea,_Honolulu&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of South Korea, Honolulu (page does not exist)\">Honolulu</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%ED%98%B8%EB%86%80%EB%A3%B0%EB%A3%A8_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EC%B4%9D%EC%98%81%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ko:주호놀룰루 대한민국 총영사관\">ko</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_South_Korea,_Los_Angeles&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of South Korea, Los Angeles (page does not exist)\">Los Angeles</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4%EC%95%A4%EC%A0%A4%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EC%B4%9D%EC%98%81%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ko:주로스앤젤레스 대한민국 총영사관\">ko</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate-General_of_South_Korea,_New_York_City&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate-General of South Korea, New York City (page does not exist)\">New York City</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EB%89%B4%EC%9A%95_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EC%B4%9D%EC%98%81%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ko:주뉴욕 대한민국 총영사관\">ko</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_South_Korea,_San_Francisco&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of South Korea, San Francisco (page does not exist)\">San Francisco</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EC%83%8C%ED%94%84%EB%9E%80%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%94_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EC%B4%9D%EC%98%81%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ko:주샌프란시스코 대한민국 총영사관\">ko</a>]</span></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Sri_Lanka,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Sri Lanka, Washington, D.C.\">Sri Lanka</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Syria,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Syria, Washington, D.C.\">Syria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Tajikistan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Tajikistan, Washington, D.C.\">Tajikistan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Thailand,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Thailand, Washington, D.C.\">Thailand</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Timor-Leste,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Timor-Leste, Washington, D.C.\">Timor-Leste</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Turkmenistan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Turkmenistan, Washington, D.C.\">Turkmenistan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of the United Arab Emirates, Washington, D.C.\">United Arab Emirates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Uzbekistan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Uzbekistan, Washington, D.C.\">Uzbekistan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Vietnam,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Vietnam, Washington, D.C.\">Vietnam</a></li>\n<li>Yemen</li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Europe</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Albania,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Albania, Washington, D.C.\">Albania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Armenia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Armenia, Washington, D.C.\">Armenia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Austria,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Austria, Washington, D.C.\">Austria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Azerbaijan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Azerbaijan, Washington, D.C.\">Azerbaijan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Belarus,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Belarus, Washington, D.C.\">Belarus</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Belgium,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Belgium, Washington, D.C.\">Belgium</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Washington, D.C.\">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Bulgaria,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Bulgaria, Washington, D.C.\">Bulgaria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Croatia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Croatia, Washington, D.C.\">Croatia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Cyprus,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Cyprus, Washington, D.C.\">Cyprus</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Czech_Republic,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of the Czech Republic, Washington, D.C.\">Czech Republic</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Denmark,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Denmark, Washington, D.C.\">Denmark</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Estonia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Estonia, Washington, D.C.\">Estonia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Finland,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Finland, Washington, D.C.\">Finland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of France, Washington, D.C.\">France</a>\n<ul><li><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">Atlanta</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_France,_Miami\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Consulate General of France, Miami\">Miami</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_France,_New_York_City\" title=\"Consulate General of France, New York City\">New York City</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_France,_San_Francisco\" title=\"Consulate General of France, San Francisco\">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Georgia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Georgia, Washington, D.C.\">Georgia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Germany,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Germany, Washington, D.C.\">Germany</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Greece,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Greece, Washington, D.C.\">Greece</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Hungary,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Hungary, Washington, D.C.\">Hungary</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Apostolic_Nunciature_to_the_United_States\" title=\"Apostolic Nunciature to the United States\">Holy See</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/House_of_Sweden\" title=\"House of Sweden\">Iceland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Ireland,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Ireland, Washington, D.C.\">Ireland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Italy,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Italy, Washington, D.C.\">Italy</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Henry_P._Davison_House\" title=\"Henry P. Davison House\">New York City</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Kosovo,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Kosovo, Washington, D.C.\">Kosovo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Latvia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Latvia, Washington, D.C.\">Latvia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/House_of_Sweden\" title=\"House of Sweden\">Liechtenstein</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Lithuania,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Lithuania, Washington, D.C.\">Lithuania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Luxembourg,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Luxembourg, Washington, D.C.\">Luxembourg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Malta,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Malta, Washington, D.C.\">Malta</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Monaco,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Monaco, Washington, D.C.\">Monaco</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Montenegro,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Montenegro, Washington, D.C.\">Montenegro</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Netherlands,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of the Netherlands, Washington, D.C.\">Netherlands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_North_Macedonia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of North Macedonia, Washington, D.C.\">North Macedonia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Norway,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Norway, Washington, D.C.\">Norway</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Poland,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Poland, Washington, D.C.\">Poland</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Poland,_Chicago\" title=\"Consulate General of Poland, Chicago\">Chicago</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Poland,_New_York_City\" title=\"Consulate General of Poland, New York City\">New York City</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Portugal,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Portugal, Washington, D.C.\">Portugal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Romania,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Romania, Washington, D.C.\">Romania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Russia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Russia, Washington, D.C.\">Russia</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Russia,_Houston\" title=\"Consulate General of Russia, Houston\">Houston</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Russia,_New_York_City\" title=\"Consulate General of Russia, New York City\">New York City</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Serbia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Serbia, Washington, D.C.\">Serbia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Slovakia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Slovakia, Washington, D.C.\">Slovakia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Slovenia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Slovenia, Washington, D.C.\">Slovenia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Spain,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Spain, Washington, D.C.\">Spain</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Sweden,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Sweden, Washington, D.C.\">Sweden</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Sweden,_New_York_City\" title=\"Consulate General of Sweden, New York City\">New York City</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Sweden,_San_Francisco\" title=\"Consulate General of Sweden, San Francisco\">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Switzerland,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Switzerland, Washington, D.C.\">Switzerland</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Switzerland,_Chicago\" title=\"Consulate General of Switzerland, Chicago\">Chicago</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Turkey,_Washington_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of Turkey, Washington D.C.\">Turkey</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Ukraine,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Ukraine, Washington, D.C.\">Ukraine</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_Kingdom,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of the United Kingdom, Washington, D.C.\">United Kingdom</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Oceania</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Australia,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Australia, Washington, D.C.\">Australia</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Australia,_Houston\" title=\"Consulate General of Australia, Houston\">Houston</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_Consul_Generals_of_Australia_in_New_York\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of Consul Generals of Australia in New York\">New York City [Consul list] </a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Marshall_Islands,_Washington,_D.C.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Embassy of the Marshall Islands, Washington, D.C.\">Marshall Islands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia,_Washington,_D.C.&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of the Federated States of Micronesia, Washington, D.C. (page does not exist)\">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_New_Zealand,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of New Zealand, Washington, D.C.\">New Zealand</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Embassy_of_Papua_New_Guinea,_Washington,_D.C.&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Embassy of Papua New Guinea, Washington, D.C. (page does not exist)\">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i>De facto</i></th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Representative_Office_of_Artsakh_to_the_United_States&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Representative Office of Artsakh to the United States (page does not exist)\">Artsakh</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Representative_Office_of_Northern_Cyprus_to_the_United_States\" title=\"Representative Office of Northern Cyprus to the United States\">Northern Cyprus</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_the_United_States\" title=\"Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United States\">Taiwan</a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Atlanta\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Atlanta\">Atlanta</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Boston\" title=\"Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Boston\">Boston</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Taiwan,_Chicago&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Taiwan, Chicago (page does not exist)\">Chicago</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A7%90%E8%8A%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%93%A5%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%BE%A6%E4%BA%8B%E8%99%95\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"zh:駐芝加哥臺北經濟文化辦事處\">zh</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Taiwan,_Denver&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Taiwan, Denver (page does not exist)\">Denver</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A7%90%E4%B8%B9%E4%BD%9B%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%BE%A6%E4%BA%8B%E8%99%95\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"zh:駐丹佛臺北經濟文化辦事處\">zh</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Honolulu\" title=\"Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Honolulu\">Honolulu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Houston\" title=\"Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Houston\">Houston</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Los_Angeles\" title=\"Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Los Angeles\">Los Angeles</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Miami\" title=\"Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Miami\">Miami</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_Taiwan,_New_York&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Consulate General of Taiwan, New York (page does not exist)\">New York</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A7%90%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%BE%A6%E4%BA%8B%E8%99%95\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"zh:駐紐約臺北經濟文化辦事處\">zh</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_San_Francisco\" title=\"Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in San Francisco\">San Francisco</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Seattle\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Seattle\">Seattle</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Interests_Section_of_Iran_in_the_United_States\" title=\"Interests Section of Iran in the United States\">Iran</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Somaliland_Representative_Office&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Somaliland Representative Office (page does not exist)\">Somaliland</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">International organizations</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Delegation_of_the_European_Union_to_the_United_States\" title=\"Delegation of the European Union to the United States\">European Union</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Organizations_of_American_States&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Organizations of American States (page does not exist)\">Organizations of American States</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">UN missions</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Afghanistan_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of Afghanistan to the United Nations\">Afghanistan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Armenia_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of Armenia to the United Nations\">Armenia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Bangladesh_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of Bangladesh to the United Nations\">Bangladesh</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Permanent_Mission_of_Canada_to_the_United_Nations&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Permanent Mission of Canada to the United Nations (page does not exist)\">Canada</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E9%80%A3%E5%90%88%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%80%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%B8%B8%E9%A7%90%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E9%83%A8\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ja:国際連合カナダ政府常駐代表部\">ja</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_France_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of France to the United Nations\">France</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_India_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of India to the United Nations\">India</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Permanent_Mission_of_Japan_to_the_United_Nations&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations (page does not exist)\">Japan</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E9%80%A3%E5%90%88%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E9%83%A8\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ja:国際連合日本政府代表部\">ja</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Mexico_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations\">Mexico</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_North_Korea_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of North Korea to the United Nations\">North Korea</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Russia_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of Russia to the United Nations\">Russia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Turkey_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Permanent Mission of Turkey to the United Nations\">Turkey</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/United_States_Mission_to_the_United_Nations\" title=\"United States Mission to the United Nations\">United States</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Former (including legations)</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Afghanistan,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Afghanistan, Washington, D.C.\">Afghanistan</a></li>\n<li>China\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_China,_Houston\" title=\"Consulate General of China, Houston\">Houston</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/French_Legation\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"French Legation\">France</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Embassy_of_Iran,_Washington,_D.C.\" title=\"Embassy of Iran, Washington, D.C.\">Iran</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Old_Korean_Legation_Museum\" title=\"Old Korean Legation Museum\">Korean Empire</a></li>\n<li>Norway\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Norway,_Houston\" title=\"Consulate General of Norway, Houston\">Houston</a></li></ul></li>\n<li>Russia\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Russia,_San_Francisco\" title=\"Consulate General of Russia, San Francisco\">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li>\n<li>Russia/USSR\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Government_Bureau\" title=\"Russian Soviet Government Bureau\">Soviet Bureau</a></li></ul></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Territories</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bermuda#Government_of_Bermuda_Washington_Office\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Foreign relations of Bermuda\">Bermuda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Gibraltar#Gibraltarian_Representative_Office\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Foreign relations of Gibraltar\">Gibraltar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Greenland\" title=\"Greenland\">Greenland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/HKETO#Overseas\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"HKETO\">Hong Kong</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EC%9B%8C%EC%8B%B1%ED%84%B4_%ED%99%8D%EC%BD%A9_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%ED%91%9C%EB%B6%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ko:주워싱턴 홍콩 경제무역대표부\">ko</a>]</span>\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/HKETO#Overseas\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"HKETO\">New York</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EB%89%B4%EC%9A%95_%ED%99%8D%EC%BD%A9_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%ED%91%9C%EB%B6%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ko:주뉴욕 홍콩 경제무역대표부\">ko</a>]</span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/HKETO#Overseas\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"HKETO\">San Francisco</a><span class=\"noprint\" style=\"font-size:85%; font-style: normal;\"> [<a href=\"https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EC%83%8C%ED%94%84%EB%9E%80%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%94_%ED%99%8D%EC%BD%A9_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%ED%91%9C%EB%B6%80\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"ko:주샌프란시스코 홍콩 경제무역대표부\">ko</a>]</span></li></ul></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐59ccf9db48‐tvxns\nCached time: 20250104014640\nCache expiry: 2592000\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc]\nCPU time usage: 0.569 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.812 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 10583/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 183853/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 15143/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 13/100\nExpensive parser function count: 75/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 1/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 45625/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.289/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 19106579/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 627.187 1 -total\n 48.32% 303.058 2 Template:Navbox\n 38.95% 244.291 1 Template:France_diplomatic_missions\n 25.43% 159.510 54 Template:Ill\n 21.60% 135.477 1 Template:Infobox_Diplomatic_Mission\n 15.40% 96.582 1 Template:Reflist\n 13.26% 83.196 8 Template:Cite_web\n 13.04% 81.768 1 Template:In_lang\n 12.93% 81.087 80 Template:Main_other\n 11.77% 73.830 1 Template:Infobox\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:22257001:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20250104014640 and revision id 1191313291. Rendering was triggered because: page-view\n -->\n</div><!--esi <esi:include src=\"/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content\" /> --><noscript><img src=\"https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"border: none; position: absolute;\"></noscript>\n<div class=\"printfooter\" data-nosnippet=\"\">Retrieved from \"<a dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&oldid=1191313291\">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consulate_General_of_France,_Atlanta&oldid=1191313291</a>\"</div></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"catlinks\" class=\"catlinks\" data-mw=\"interface\"><div id=\"mw-normal-catlinks\" class=\"mw-normal-catlinks\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Category\" title=\"Help:Category\">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Diplomatic_missions_of_France\" title=\"Category:Diplomatic missions of France\">Diplomatic missions of France</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Organizations_based_in_Atlanta\" title=\"Category:Organizations based in Atlanta\">Organizations based in Atlanta</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Diplomatic_missions_in_Atlanta\" title=\"Category:Diplomatic missions in Atlanta\">Diplomatic missions in Atlanta</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:France%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" title=\"Category:France–United States relations\">France–United States relations</a></li></ul></div><div id=\"mw-hidden-catlinks\" class=\"mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden\">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description\" title=\"Category:Articles with short description\">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata\" title=\"Category:Short description matches Wikidata\">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Infobox_mapframe_without_OSM_relation_ID_on_Wikidata\" title=\"Category:Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata\">Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas\" title=\"Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas\">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Articles_with_French-language_sources_(fr)\" title=\"Category:Articles with French-language sources (fr)\">Articles with French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension\" title=\"Category:Pages using the Kartographer extension\">Pages using the Kartographer extension</a></li></ul></div></div>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</main>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-footer-container\">\n\t\t\t\n<footer id=\"footer\" class=\"mw-footer\" >\n\t<ul id=\"footer-info\">\n\t<li id=\"footer-info-lastmod\"> This page was last edited on 22 December 2023, at 19:51<span class=\"anonymous-show\"> (UTC)</span>.</li>\n\t<li id=\"footer-info-copyright\">Text is available under the <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License\" title=\"Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License\">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>;\nadditional terms may apply. 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accesskey=\"n\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</nav>\n\n\t\t</div>\n\t</header>\n</div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-navigation\">\n\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel\" class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\" 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id=\"toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n\t<li id=\"toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2</span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links</span>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t</ul>\n\t</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only \" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading mw-first-heading\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York)</span></h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages\" >\n\t<label id=\"p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Add languages</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"uls-after-portlet-link\"></span><span class=\"wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7591064#sitelinks-wikipedia\" title=\"Add interlanguage links\" class=\"wbc-editpage\">Add links</a></span></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t</div>\n</div>\n</header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-talk\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Talk:St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\" accesskey=\"t\"><span>Talk</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Change language variant\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-variants-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">English</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"p-variants\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul 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href=\"/w/index.php?title=St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)&action=history\" title=\"Past revisions of this page [h]\" accesskey=\"h\"><span>View history</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox \" aria-label=\"Tools\" >\n\t<label id=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Tools</span>\n\t</label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"vector-page-tools\" class=\"vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"page-tools-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-page-tools\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Tools</div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin\">move to sidebar</button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin\">hide</button>\n</div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"p-cactions\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items\" title=\"More options\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tActions\n\t</div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-more-view\" class=\"selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)\"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-more-edit\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)&action=edit\" title=\"Edit this page [e]\" accesskey=\"e\"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id=\"ca-more-history\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a 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class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard\" title=\"Upload files [u]\" accesskey=\"u\"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id=\"t-specialpages\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:SpecialPages\" title=\"A list of all special pages [q]\" accesskey=\"q\"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id=\"t-permalink\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)&oldid=1174254721\" title=\"Permanent link to this revision of this page\"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id=\"t-info\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)&action=info\" title=\"More information about this page\"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id=\"t-cite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_%28Paris_Hill%2C_New_York%29&id=1174254721&wpFormIdentifier=titleform\" 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Commons</span></a></li><li id=\"t-wikibase\" class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7591064\" title=\"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\" accesskey=\"g\"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li>\n\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t</div>\n</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\" 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href=\"https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)&params=43_0_4_N_75_18_53_W_type:landmark_region:US-NY\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">43°0′4″N</span> <span class=\"longitude\">75°18′53″W</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\"> / </span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">43.00111°N 75.31472°W</span><span style=\"display:none\"> / <span class=\"geo\">43.00111; -75.31472</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div>\n\t\t</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"siteSub\" class=\"noprint\">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentSub\"><div id=\"mw-content-subtitle\"></div></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Historic church in New York, United States</div>\n<div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">United States historic place</div><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1257001546\">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class=\"infobox\" style=\"border-spacing:1px;\"><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-subheader\" style=\"padding:0; border:none;\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546\"></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-full-data\"><div class=\"skin-nightmode-reset-color\" style=\"width:100%; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF; line-height:1.5\">St. Paul's Church and Cemetery</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-full-data\"><div style=\"width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF;\"><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places\">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a></div></td></tr><tr style=\"display:none\"><td colspan=\"2\">\n</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-image\"><span class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File/Frameless\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:St._Paul%27s_Church_Dec_11.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/St._Paul%27s_Church_Dec_11.jpg/250px-St._Paul%27s_Church_Dec_11.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"188\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/St._Paul%27s_Church_Dec_11.jpg/375px-St._Paul%27s_Church_Dec_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/St._Paul%27s_Church_Dec_11.jpg/500px-St._Paul%27s_Church_Dec_11.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"2816\" data-file-height=\"2112\" /></a></span><div class=\"infobox-caption\">St. Paul's Church, December 2011</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" class=\"infobox-image\"><div class=\"switcher-container\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238443738\">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class=\"center\"><div class=\"locmap\" style=\"width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto\"><div style=\"width:250px;padding:0\"><div style=\"position:relative;width:250px\"><span class=\"notpageimage\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:USA_New_York_location_map.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\" title=\"St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York) is located in New York\"><img alt=\"St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York) is located in New York\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/USA_New_York_location_map.svg/250px-USA_New_York_location_map.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"203\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/USA_New_York_location_map.svg/375px-USA_New_York_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/USA_New_York_location_map.svg/500px-USA_New_York_location_map.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1569\" data-file-height=\"1276\" /></a></span><div class=\"od notheme\" style=\"top:45.978%;left:56.449%;font-size:91%\"><div class=\"id\" style=\"left:-4px;top:-4px\"><span class=\"notpageimage\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span title=\"St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York)\"><img alt=\"St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York)\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"7\" height=\"7\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"64\" data-file-height=\"64\" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style=\"padding-top:0.2em\"></div><span class=\"switcher-label\" style=\"display:none\">Show map of New York</span></div></div></div><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738\"><div class=\"center\"><div class=\"locmap\" style=\"width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto\"><div style=\"width:250px;padding:0\"><div style=\"position:relative;width:250px\"><span class=\"notpageimage\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_location_map.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\" title=\"St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York) is located in the United States\"><img alt=\"St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York) is located in the United States\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/250px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"155\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/375px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/500px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1181\" data-file-height=\"731\" /></a></span><div class=\"od notheme\" style=\"top:28.52%;left:82.55%;font-size:91%\"><div class=\"id\" style=\"left:-4px;top:-4px\"><span class=\"notpageimage\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span title=\"St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York)\"><img alt=\"St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York)\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"7\" height=\"7\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"64\" data-file-height=\"64\" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style=\"padding-top:0.2em\"></div><span class=\"switcher-label\" style=\"display:none\">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"font-weight:bold; border: 0;\">Location</th><td class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"border: 0;\">Rt. 12, jct. with Snowden Hill Rd., <a href=\"/wiki/Paris,_New_York\" title=\"Paris, New York\">Paris Hill, New York</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"font-weight:bold; border: 0;\">Coordinates</th><td class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"border: 0;\"><span class=\"geo-inline\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1156832818\">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)&params=43_0_4_N_75_18_53_W_type:landmark_region:US-NY\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">43°0′4″N</span> <span class=\"longitude\">75°18′53″W</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\"> / </span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">43.00111°N 75.31472°W</span><span style=\"display:none\"> / <span class=\"geo\">43.00111; -75.31472</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"font-weight:bold; border: 0;\">Area</th><td class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"border: 0;\">2.5 acres (1.0 ha)</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"font-weight:bold; border: 0;\">Built</th><td class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"border: 0;\">1818</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"font-weight:bold; border: 0;\">Architectural style</th><td class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"border: 0;\">Federal</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"font-weight:bold; border: 0;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Multiple_Property_Submission\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Multiple Property Submission\">MPS</a></th><td class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"border: 0;\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/NRHP/64500452_text\">Historic Churches of the Episcopal Diocese of Central New York MPS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"font-weight:bold; border: 0;\">NRHP reference <abbr title=\"number\">No.</abbr></th><td class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"border: 0;\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/96000961\">96000961</a><sup id=\"cite_ref-nris_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-nris-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"infobox-label\" style=\"font-weight:bold; border: 0;\">Added to NRHP</th><td class=\"infobox-data\" style=\"border: 0;\">August 30, 1996</td></tr></tbody></table>\n<p><b>St. Paul's Church and Cemetery</b> is a historic <a href=\"/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)\" title=\"Episcopal Church (United States)\">Episcopal</a> church in <a href=\"/wiki/Paris,_New_York\" title=\"Paris, New York\">Paris Hill</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Oneida_County,_New_York\" title=\"Oneida County, New York\">Oneida County, New York</a>. It was built in 1818 and is a rectangular timber framed <a href=\"/wiki/Federal_architecture\" title=\"Federal architecture\">Federal</a> style structure measuring 36 feet by 50 feet. It features a one-stage <a href=\"/wiki/Bell_tower\" title=\"Bell tower\">belfry</a> rising from the roof. Located adjacent is the parish cemetery with burials dating from the early 19ths century to the present day.<sup id=\"cite_ref-nrhpinv_ny_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-nrhpinv_ny-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p><p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.<sup id=\"cite_ref-nris_1-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-nris-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[</span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]</span></a></sup>\n</p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"References\">References</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)&action=edit&section=1\" title=\"Edit section: References\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239543626\">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-nris-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-nris_1-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-nris_1-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1238218222\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP\">\"National Register Information System\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places\">National Register of Historic Places</a></i>. <a href=\"/wiki/National_Park_Service\" title=\"National Park Service\">National Park Service</a>. March 13, 2009.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Register+of+Historic+Places&rft.atitle=National+Register+Information+System&rft.date=2009-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgallery.nps.gov%2FNRHP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Paul%27s+Church+and+Cemetery+%28Paris+Hill%2C+New+York%29\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-nrhpinv_ny-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-nrhpinv_ny_2-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite id=\"CITEREFChristine_B._Lozner1996\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Christine B. Lozner (May 1996). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.oprhp.state.ny.us/hpimaging/hp_view.asp?GroupView=6139\">\"National Register of Historic Places Registration: St. Paul's Church and Cemetery\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/New_York_State_Office_of_Parks,_Recreation_and_Historic_Preservation\" title=\"New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation\">New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2010-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Register+of+Historic+Places+Registration%3A+St.+Paul%27s+Church+and+Cemetery&rft.pub=New+York+State+Office+of+Parks%2C+Recreation+and+Historic+Preservation&rft.date=1996-05&rft.au=Christine+B.+Lozner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oprhp.state.ny.us%2Fhpimaging%2Fhp_view.asp%3FGroupView%3D6139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Paul%27s+Church+and+Cemetery+%28Paris+Hill%2C+New+York%29\" class=\"Z3988\"></span> <i>See also:</i> <link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.oprhp.state.ny.us/hpimaging/hp_view.asp?GroupView=6140\">\"Accompanying two photos\"</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Accompanying+two+photos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oprhp.state.ny.us%2Fhpimaging%2Fhp_view.asp%3FGroupView%3D6140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Paul%27s+Church+and+Cemetery+%28Paris+Hill%2C+New+York%29\" class=\"Z3988\"></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol></div></div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"External_links\">External links</h2><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">[</span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=St._Paul%27s_Church_and_Cemetery_(Paris_Hill,_New_York)&action=edit&section=2\" title=\"Edit section: External links\"><span>edit</span></a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">]</span></span></div>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2137546\">Saint Paul's Episcopal Cemetery</a> at <a href=\"/wiki/Find_a_Grave\" title=\"Find a Grave\">Find a Grave</a></li></ul>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1129693374\">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:\": \"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:\" · \";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"U.S._National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1239400231\">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:\"[ \"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:\" ]\"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class=\"navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini\"><ul><li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York\" title=\"Template:National Register of Historic Places in New York\"><abbr title=\"View this template\" style=\"color:black\">v</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York\" title=\"Template talk:National Register of Historic Places in New York\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\" style=\"color:black\">t</abbr></a></li><li class=\"nv-edit\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York\" title=\"Special:EditPage/Template:National Register of Historic Places in New York\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\" style=\"color:black\">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id=\"U.S._National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places\">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a> in <a href=\"/wiki/New_York_(state)\" title=\"New York (state)\">New York</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black\">Topics</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Contributing_property\" title=\"Contributing property\">Contributing property</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Keeper_of_the_Register\" title=\"Keeper of the Register\">Keeper of the Register</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Historic_districts_in_the_United_States\" title=\"Historic districts in the United States\">Historic district</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/History_of_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places\" title=\"History of the National Register of Historic Places\">History of the National Register of Historic Places</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Park_Service\" title=\"National Park Service\">National Park Service</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_property_types\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places property types\">Property types</a></li></ul>\n</div></td><td class=\"noviewer navbox-image\" rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px\"><div><span class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/50px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"65\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/75px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/100px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"553\" data-file-height=\"720\" /></span></span><br /><br /><span class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Map_of_USA_NY.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/100px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"65\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/151px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/200px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"286\" data-file-height=\"186\" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black\">Lists<br />by county</th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Albany_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany County, New York\">Albany</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Allegany_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Allegany County, New York\">Allegany</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Bronx\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx\">Bronx</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Broome_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Broome County, New York\">Broome</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cattaraugus_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Cattaraugus County, New York\">Cattaraugus</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cayuga_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Cayuga County, New York\">Cayuga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chautauqua_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Chautauqua County, New York\">Chautauqua</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chemung_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Chemung County, New York\">Chemung</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chenango_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Chenango County, New York\">Chenango</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clinton_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Clinton County, New York\">Clinton</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Columbia_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Columbia County, New York\">Columbia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cortland_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Cortland County, New York\">Cortland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Delaware_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Delaware County, New York\">Delaware</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Dutchess_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Dutchess County, New York\">Dutchess</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Erie_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Erie County, New York\">Erie</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Essex_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, New York\">Essex</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Franklin_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Franklin County, New York\">Franklin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Fulton_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, New York\">Fulton</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Genesee_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Genesee County, New York\">Genesee</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Greene_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Greene County, New York\">Greene</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Hamilton_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Hamilton County, New York\">Hamilton</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Herkimer_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Herkimer County, New York\">Herkimer</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jefferson_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, New York\">Jefferson</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Brooklyn\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooklyn\">Kings (Brooklyn)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lewis_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Lewis County, New York\">Lewis</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Livingston_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Livingston County, New York\">Livingston</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Madison_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, New York\">Madison</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Monroe_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Monroe County, New York\">Monroe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Montgomery_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Montgomery County, New York\">Montgomery</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Nassau_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Nassau County, New York\">Nassau</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan\">New York (Manhattan)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Niagara_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Niagara County, New York\">Niagara</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Oneida_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Oneida County, New York\">Oneida</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Onondaga_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Onondaga County, New York\">Onondaga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ontario_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Ontario County, New York\">Ontario</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Orange_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Orange County, New York\">Orange</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Orleans_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Orleans County, New York\">Orleans</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Oswego_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Oswego County, New York\">Oswego</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Otsego_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Otsego County, New York\">Otsego</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Putnam_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Putnam County, New York\">Putnam</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Queens,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Queens, New York\">Queens</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rensselaer_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Rensselaer County, New York\">Rensselaer</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Staten_Island\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Staten Island\">Richmond (Staten Island)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rockland_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockland County, New York\">Rockland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Saratoga_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Saratoga County, New York\">Saratoga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schenectady_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Schenectady County, New York\">Schenectady</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schoharie_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Schoharie County, New York\">Schoharie</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schuyler_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Schuyler County, New York\">Schuyler</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Seneca_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Seneca County, New York\">Seneca</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Lawrence_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Lawrence County, New York\">St. Lawrence</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Steuben_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Steuben County, New York\">Steuben</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Suffolk_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Suffolk County, New York\">Suffolk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Sullivan_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New York\">Sullivan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Tioga_County,_New_York\" title=\"National Register of Historic Places listings in 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Ryan McDonough (ice hockey) | <!DOCTYPE html>
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Conondale, Queensland | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conondale, Queensland"
} |
Cui Qun | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cui Qun"
} |
John Strangfeld | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John Strangfeld"
} |
Frédéric Cathala | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frédéric Cathala"
} |
M. A. Sherring | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M. A. Sherring"
} |
Chris Maxwell (footballer) | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris Maxwell (footballer)"
} |
Turkish Football Championship | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish Football Championship"
} |
Marguerite Gérard | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marguerite Gérard"
} |
Marko Mitchell | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marko Mitchell"
} |
Operation Sunrise (Vietnam War) | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation Sunrise (Vietnam War)"
} |
Bickram Ghosh | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bickram Ghosh"
} |
TPF Uttaradit F.C. | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TPF Uttaradit F.C."
} |
Brooloo, Queensland | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooloo, Queensland"
} |
Turkish National Division | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish National Division"
} |
The Woggle-Bug Book | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The Woggle-Bug Book"
} |
Norah Richards | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norah Richards"
} |
Ken Popert | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken Popert"
} |
Imbil | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imbil"
} |
Ireland national rugby sevens team | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland national rugby sevens team"
} |
Tyler Bozak | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyler Bozak"
} |
Operation Birmingham | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation Birmingham"
} |
Klentnice | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klentnice"
} |
April Mann | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April Mann"
} |
Jon L. Luther | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon L. Luther"
} |
Nazio-Juve | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazio-Juve"
} |
Mask of the Avenger | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mask of the Avenger"
} |
Calle Jonsson | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calle Jonsson"
} |
Novosedly (Břeclav District) | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novosedly (Břeclav District)"
} |
Pravrajika Bhaktiprana | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pravrajika Bhaktiprana"
} |
Al-Zahra | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Zahra"
} |
Sophocles Papas | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophocles Papas"
} |
Powysland Club | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powysland Club"
} |
Croatia Film | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia Film"
} |
Pouzdřany | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pouzdřany"
} |
The Cabin and Parlor; or, Slaves and Masters | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The Cabin and Parlor; or, Slaves and Masters"
} |
Holmalunds IF | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holmalunds IF"
} |
List of ambassadors of Russia to the United States | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of ambassadors of Russia to the United States"
} |
Veerana | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veerana"
} |
Jody Lawrance | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jody Lawrance"
} |
Gillespie syndrome | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gillespie syndrome"
} |
Ellery Akers | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellery Akers"
} |
Sam Bell (footballer, born 1909) | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam Bell (footballer, born 1909)"
} |
The Kabocha Wine | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The Kabocha Wine"
} |
Blocco-Juve | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocco-Juve"
} |
Windhoek Afrikaanse Privaatskool | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windhoek Afrikaanse Privaatskool"
} |
Augusta Innes Withers | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusta Innes Withers"
} |
Chartered Secretaries (Hong Kong) | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartered Secretaries (Hong Kong)"
} |
Alphonse Dotson | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphonse Dotson"
} |
Julia Elliott | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia Elliott"
} |
J. Shivashanmugam Pillai | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J. Shivashanmugam Pillai"
} |
Walter Bunch | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter Bunch"
} |
William Reynolds Ricketts | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William Reynolds Ricketts"
} |
Scouting and Guiding in Turkey | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scouting and Guiding in Turkey"
} |
Gurbaksh Singh | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurbaksh Singh"
} |
Bomber Aircrew in World War II | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomber Aircrew in World War II"
} |
Athmuqam Tehsil | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athmuqam Tehsil"
} |
104th Jäger Division | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/104th Jäger Division"
} |
1998 Copa Interamericana | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998 Copa Interamericana"
} |
Milan Rakič | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan Rakič"
} |
Sosiaalikeskus Satama | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiaalikeskus Satama"
} |
Apple River, Nova Scotia | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple River, Nova Scotia"
} |
Aalter Formation | <!DOCTYPE html>
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"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aalter Formation"
} |
Logan family (historical) | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan family (historical)"
} |
Ljubivoje Ršumović | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljubivoje Ršumović"
} |
John Cheesewright | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John Cheesewright"
} |
List of Compact Disc and DVD copy protection schemes | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of Compact Disc and DVD copy protection schemes"
} |
Jordy van Loon | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordy van Loon"
} |
Albert, New South Wales | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert, New South Wales"
} |
ICarly season 1 | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICarly season 1"
} |
Olavum Theeravum | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olavum Theeravum"
} |
807 (vacuum tube) | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/807 (vacuum tube)"
} |
Nasaruddin Umar | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasaruddin Umar"
} |
Vote.org | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vote.org"
} |
U. Krishna Rao | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U. Krishna Rao"
} |
N. Gopala Menon | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N. Gopala Menon"
} |
Ahibaran | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahibaran"
} |
S. Chellapandian | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S. Chellapandian"
} |
Ulsan Hyundai Mobis Phoebus | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulsan Hyundai Mobis Phoebus"
} |
Whisk broom scanner | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whisk broom scanner"
} |
Jaimie Thomas | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaimie Thomas"
} |
Božo Milić | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Božo Milić"
} |
Munu Adhi | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munu Adhi"
} |
Yavanika | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yavanika"
} |
IWRG Intercontinental Women's Championship | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IWRG Intercontinental Women's Championship"
} |
Marko Ćetković | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marko Ćetković"
} |
Resin extraction | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resin extraction"
} |
Palarong Pambansa | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palarong Pambansa"
} |
1992 in British television | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992 in British television"
} |
Calandrinia ciliata | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calandrinia ciliata"
} |
Alex Jardine | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex Jardine"
} |
San Juan United | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San Juan United"
} |
Tour de Normandie | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour de Normandie"
} |
Santa Ana River Trail | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa Ana River Trail"
} |
ICarly season 2 | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICarly season 2"
} |
K. A. Mathiazhagan | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K. A. Mathiazhagan"
} |
2009 Grand National | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009 Grand National"
} |
Givi Alkhazishvili | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givi Alkhazishvili"
} |
Consulate General of France, Atlanta | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulate General of France, Atlanta"
} |
St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York) | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-w... | {
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St. Paul's Church and Cemetery (Paris Hill, New York)"
} |
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